{"title":"Quest and designing of organic molecular frameworks for efficient hole transport materials","authors":"Priya Singh , Aditya Kumar , Ajeet Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Azaborine derivatives were investigated as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) by employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Marcus theory and Einstein relationship have also been used to investigate different properties of HTMs. We have also performed time-dependant density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations to investigate the optical, electronic and charge transport properties of designed molecules. Calculated results infer that the designed molecules display characteristic traits of a HTM. The calculated highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and hole reorganization energies are lower than that of electronic ones. Further, molecular electrostatic potential analysis and density of states are used to identify the various charge locations in molecules. To check the viability of our designed HTMs, we have taken <strong>9:PC61BM</strong> complex for better understanding the charge transfer between the hole transport materials with well-known electron acceptor material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143347834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"POM/CNT based nanohybrids as electrodes for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Langson Chilufya , Mehtap Emirdag-Eanes","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2025.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyoxometalates (POMs) and their derivative materials have attracted growing attention for application in energy storage technologies, especially lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nanohybrids' redox-active material, based on the combination of polyoxometalates and Carbon nanotubes (CNT), has exhibited suitable structures that have been employed as electrodes in energy devices with enhanced electrochemical performances. The design and construction of POM/CNT nanohybrids linked by covalent bonds act as electron bridges, ensuring close contact between POM and CNT. This facilitates electron and Li-ion transfer, enhancing the overall performance of the electrodes. This review article demonstrated the need for new redox chemistries beyond conventional intercalation mechanisms. This involves the design and application of functional materials for energy storage, focusing on structural change and electron reconfiguration. Even though several reviews on POM-based composites in energy applications exist, a unified and coordinated review dedicated explicitly to these unique and versatile molecular clusters and with CNT nanohybrids in LIB's electrode application has not yet been presented. Hence, we report a comprehensive survey of research advances in POMs and POM/CNT-based nanohybrid materials as electrodes and encompass the discussion of their charge storage mechanism of operation in LIBs. The paper also discusses methods for functionalizing CNTs to improve the electrochemical performance of nanohybrids. These techniques aim to maintain the structural and electronic integrity of CNTs while enhancing their functionality. Finally, the emerging themes and research directions are critically assessed to inspire how these promising nanohybrids can foster research into the next generation of electrodes for sustainable energy technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DNA interaction and cytotoxicity of a new asymmetric dimer cobalt(II) complex [Co(phen)2(Cl2)]3(H2O).[Co(phen)2(Cl)(H2O)](Cl)","authors":"P. Gurumoorthy , S. Ulaganathan , S. Baskaran","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The new, unusual and asymmetric cobalt(II) complex, [Co(phen)<sub>2</sub>(Cl<sub>2</sub>)]3(H<sub>2</sub>O).[Co(phen)<sub>2</sub>(Cl)(H<sub>2</sub>O)](Cl) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), has been synthesized and characterized structurally by regular spectral and single crystal XRD analysis. An asymmetric complex crystallized in a monoclinic system with space group <em>P</em>2<sub>1</sub>/<em>c</em>, a = 14.093(5) Å, b = 24.089(5) Å, c = 14.241(5) Å, <em>α</em> = 90.000(5)<sup>°</sup>, <em>β</em> = 98.010(5)<sup>°</sup>, and <em>γ</em> = 90.000(5)<sup>°</sup>. DNA binding interactions of complex with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) has investigated by UV–Vis absorption, ethidium bromide displacement assay, viscometric and cyclic voltammetric titrations, and the results infer an intercalation mode of binding. Complex cleaves effectively plasmid pBR322 DNA, and exhibits remarkable cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer cell line (HCT15).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pawan K. Khanna, Shubhangi Pandit, Naeem Mohammad, Priyanka Phalswal
{"title":"Mustard oil mediated synthesis of magic-sized ZnSe nanoclusters","authors":"Pawan K. Khanna, Shubhangi Pandit, Naeem Mohammad, Priyanka Phalswal","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magic sized ZnSe nanoclusters have applications in a wide range of areas, such as bioimaging, bio-detection techniques, LEDs and solar cells etc. Despite extensive studies done on ZnSe quantum dots (QDs), the technological potential of photonic behaviour of their lower size range clusters is still largely unexplored. We herein present rapid mustered oil mediated synthesis of magic sized ZnSe with their identification as single-family entities by trapping a fixed position doublet in their absorption spectra. Consistent absorption peaks at 304/305 and 318/19 nm irrespective of methods employed are presented. The PL spectra show broad emissions between 350 and 550 nm dominating blue region of energy offering scope of further tunability. The mustard oil mediated synthesis was performed using thermal, microwave and ultrasound energy. Despite their size domain of about 2 nm, their broad XRD pattern have signature of crystalline nature. Mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are in good support of ZnSe magic size clusters. Typically, blue region CIE coordinates are estimated from PL emission spectra.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M.C. Roopa , Sharadadevi Kallimani , K. Harish Kumar , S. Thirumala
{"title":"Green-Fueled synthesis of rGO/CuO for catalytic degradation of methyl violet dye","authors":"M.C. Roopa , Sharadadevi Kallimani , K. Harish Kumar , S. Thirumala","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the green synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) through an eco-friendly solution combustion method, utilizing lemongrass as a natural fuel source. The rGO/CuO composite was prepared via a simple reflux process, emphasizing environmental sustainability. Comprehensive characterization of the synthesized CuO and rGO/CuO composites was conducted using techniques such as XRD, SEM, FTIR, PL, HR-TEM, EDX, and UV–Vis's spectroscopy. The photocatalytic efficiency of the rGO/CuO composite was tested for the degradation of Methyl Violet (MV) dye, achieving an impressive degradation rate of 98.87 % and following first-order kinetic behavior. The half-life (t₁<sub>/</sub>₂) of the reaction was calculated to be 18.17 min, with a rate constant (k) of 0.0398 min⁻<sup>1</sup>. Various parameters affecting photocatalytic performance, including pH, dye concentration, light source, and catalyst dosage, were systematically investigated. Scavenger experiments were conducted to determine the active species involved in the degradation process, and total organic carbon (TOC) removal was measured to assess mineralization efficiency. The catalyst's reusability was also evaluated, confirming its potential for long-term use in sustainable environmental remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Rajalakshmi , N. Mukesh Babu , A. Doss , R.P. Praveen Pole , T.P. Kumari Pushpa Rani , V. Mary Kensa
{"title":"Eco-friendly synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from an endemic plant and their antibacterial potency - A sustainable approach","authors":"R. Rajalakshmi , N. Mukesh Babu , A. Doss , R.P. Praveen Pole , T.P. Kumari Pushpa Rani , V. Mary Kensa","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biomass-assisted fabrication of green nanoparticles is in rise in recent years as it ensures environment compatibility and economically smartness. Now-a-days, the scientific world utilizing the abundantly available plant biomass to synthesize nanoparticles. The present study attempted the biofabrication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from the silver salt (silver nitrate) using the leaf extract from the plant, <em>Jatropha maheshwarii</em>. The functional groups attached, morphological features and the other qualities of <em>J. maheshwarii</em> mediated Ag NPs was done using the characterization techniques (spectroscopic and micrographic) like Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). These analyses showed that the nanoparticles are spherical and flakes in shape and the XRD results indicated an average particle size of 25.98 nm. These nanoparticles were employed as an antibacterial agent on different bacteria such as <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em>, <em>Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Salmonella typhi</em>. The significant antibacterial activity exhibited against <em>S. typhi</em> (19 mm) at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Furthermore, the mode of action of these bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent was screened by the amount of reducing sugars and proteins leaked from the bacterial cells under study after treating with nanoparticles (leakage assay). These findings encourage the future development of these green nanoparticles as potential antibacterial drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nickel-doped zinc tartrate (Ni@ZnT) nanocrystals: Synthesis, optical properties, and antimicrobial activity","authors":"Charushila Pawar , Madhuri Patil","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work used the sol-gel method to synthesize nickel-doped zinc tartrate nanocrystals (Ni@ZnT NCs) to study their optical properties and antimicrobial activities. Using the Scanning electron microscopy study, these NCs show irregular-shaped morphology. Their crystalline nature and average crystalline size of 45 nm were studied by X-ray diffraction. Using an Energy-Dispersive X-ray confirmed the presence of zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) elements. FTIR analysis was used to identify several functional groups like O–H stretching (3461.6 cm<sup>−1</sup>), C<img>O stretching mode (2367.55 cm<sup>−1</sup>), and stretching vibrations of Ni–Zn–O (below 800 cm<sup>−1</sup>). The thermal stability was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. UV–Vis spectroscopy studied the optical properties; an absorption peak represents the Zn–Ni transition at about 336 nm and a band gap of 3.86 eV and was also used to calculate the refractive index and extinction coefficient at 280 nm. For ZnT and Ni@ZnT NCs, the maximum absorption <strong>λ</strong> was found to be 295 nm and 278 nm. The antibacterial activity of ZnT and Ni@ZnT NCs was evaluated against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>; for these strains, the NCs (15.3 mm and 15.6 mm) showed a somewhat larger zone of inhibition than ZnT (13.6 mm and 12.3 mm). The study also evaluated the antifungal activity of these materials against some fungal strains, such as <em>Penicillium chrysogenum</em>, <em>Aspergillus niger</em>, <em>Candida albicans</em>, and <em>Fusarium</em> spp, the zone of inhibition varied from 12 to 13.6 mm, and there was a significant difference between the two materials. Therefore, this work successfully synthesized Ni@ZnT NCs and studied their optical properties and antimicrobial activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sunil, Ashish Deep Chettri, S. Jagadeeswara Rao
{"title":"Catalytic auto-oxidation of o-hydroxyphenylthiourea by Iridium(III): A photometric sensing platform for Iridium","authors":"A. Sunil, Ashish Deep Chettri, S. Jagadeeswara Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>o</em>-Hydroxyphenylthiourea <strong>(</strong>HPTU) undergoes oxidative dimerization to form a yellow-colored disulfide in the presence of Iridium(III), a process significantly enhanced by the activator 1,10-phenanthroline. This catalytic oxidation was monitored spectrophotometrically at 416 nm under ambient conditions, employing both tangent and fixed-time methods. The method's performance was optimized by investigating factors like pH, reagent concentration, temperature, and potential interferents. A linear relationship between the rate of reaction and Iridium(III) concentration was observed in the range of 0.001 ng–5.0 mg of Iridium per mL, enabling the detection of Iridium(III) down to 0.001 ng/mL at pH 11.7. The method's simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity make it suitable for the determination of Iridium(III) in real-time samples, eliminating the need for additional reagents, complex procedures, or preconcentration steps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waheed Ul Hassan , Ferhan Kaleem , Muhammad Rizwan Mahmood , Dilshaid Hussain , Imtiaz Ahmad , Nawal Alghamdi , Imosobomeh L. Ikhioya
{"title":"Enhanced solid-state reaction synthesis of CdO, SnO, and CdO0·2/SnO0.2 hetero-junction electrode for high-performance energy storage","authors":"Waheed Ul Hassan , Ferhan Kaleem , Muhammad Rizwan Mahmood , Dilshaid Hussain , Imtiaz Ahmad , Nawal Alghamdi , Imosobomeh L. Ikhioya","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study unveils a superior method for energy storage synthesis, employing CdO, SnO, and CdO<sub>0·2</sub>/SnO<sub>0.2</sub> hetero-junction electrodes through enhanced solid-state reaction. The CdO and SnO electrodes with a specific capacitance of 266.66, 191.66, 166.66 F/g and 138.88, 122.22, and 115.07 F/g. The CdO<sub>0·2</sub>/SnO<sub>0.2</sub> hetero-junction nanoparticles with a specific capacitance of 370.37, 222.22, 158.73 F/g. The charge storage capacity of CdO<sub>0·2</sub>/SnO<sub>0.2</sub> hetero-junction nanoparticle electrodes is outstanding, making them highly beneficial for energy storage and supercapacitor applications. The XRD patterns obtained from the synthesized CdO<sub>0·2</sub>/SnO<sub>0.2</sub> hetero-junction nanoparticles exhibit distinct diffraction peaks, showing a cubic crystal structure. These diffraction peaks, at 2θ values of 27.111°, 34.189°, 38.682°, 52.635°, 55.793<sup>o</sup>, 62.779<sup>o</sup>, 66.676<sup>o</sup>, and 79.496° can be attributed to the (111), (200), (211), (212), (220), (300), (22), and (311) diffraction planes of CdO<sub>0·2</sub>/SnO<sub>0.2</sub> hetero-junction nanoparticles. The observation of a grain-like shape in the CdO<sub>0·2</sub>/SnO<sub>0.2</sub> hetero-junction nanoparticles structure is attributed to CdO, which serves as a confirmation of the formation of a hetero-junction. The energy bandgap of CdO, SnO, and CdO<sub>0·2</sub>/SnO<sub>0.2</sub> hetero-junction nanoparticles material are 2.50, 3.50, and 3.35 eV respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K.C. Desai , P.S. Desai , Adarsh M. Patel , Bhumika B. Parmar
{"title":"Caesalpinia crista seed is used as an eco-friendly inhibitor to prevent the corrosion of aluminium in hydrochloric acid solutions","authors":"K.C. Desai , P.S. Desai , Adarsh M. Patel , Bhumika B. Parmar","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This investigation delves into the inhibitory impact of Caesalpinia crista (Kanchaki) seed extract (CCE) on the corrosion of aluminium alloy (AA6061) at temperatures varying between 303 and 333K, employing Potentiodynamic Polarisation (PDP), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and weight loss methodologies. Findings demonstrate that CCE extract effectively safeguards Al against corrosion, with efficacy increasing at higher concentrations. The observed inhibitory action exhibits a cathodic-type behavior across all concentrations and temperatures, aligning well with Langmuir isotherm. Notably, the highest level of inhibitory efficiency, reaching 96.87 %, is attained at a concentration of 2.0 g/L and a temperature of 303 K for 3 hours. Consistency is observed between the results obtained through EIS and PDP. A plausible mechanism for preventing corrosion in Al alloy is proposed. Surface analysis techniques, such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX), validate the adsorption of the inhibitor onto Al alloy surfaces. Morphological examinations corroborate electrochemical findings, confirming protection against uniform corrosion in HCl solutions. Additional analyses involve the computation of activation energy and thermodynamic parameters, with a thorough discussion of the results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000351/pdfft?md5=42e266a361695000baf496c78b797e06&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000351-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}