Chemistry of Inorganic Materials最新文献

{"title":"Perovskite solar cell with a fluoroalkyl phosphate ionic liquid additive drives a conducting polymer based electrochromic device","authors":"Debanjan Maity,&nbsp;Melepurath Deepa","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A durable and cost-effective perovskite (PSK) solar cell was assembled, featuring a configuration of FTO/c-TiO₂/m-TiO₂-CsFAPbI₃ ​+ ​fluoroalkyl phosphate (FAP)-ionic liquid (IL)/p-type carbon. This marks the first utilization of the FAP-IL chemical additive, specifically 1-hexyl-2,3-dimethyl-imidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate, in the preparation of the PSK layer. This novel addition not only enhances the hydrophobic characteristics of the PSK layer, safeguarding it against moisture-induced deterioration and preserving its α-phase, but also ensures defect passivation via hydrogen bonds formed between N and F atoms in the IL with the organic cation of the PSK, thus preventing the migration of organic cations to grain boundaries. Furthermore, the lone pairs on neutral nitrogens are easily donated to under-coordinated Pb²⁺ cations, resulting in the stabilization of the PSK crystal structure. This configuration is further augmented by the attributes of carbon paste such as a high electrical conductivity (∼0.75 ​S ​cm⁻¹) and substantial hole density exceeding 10¹⁶/cm³, resulting in impressive performance metrics, with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼7.5% and prolonged stability in air. The electrical current and photovoltage generated by the PSK ​+ ​FAP-IL solar cell under illumination switch a low cost, easily processable and robust electrochromic device (ECD) based on poly (indole-6-carboxylic acid) (PICA) and poly (3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (PProDOT) layers from a yellow-green hue to a deep blue state. While the standalone PProDOT//PICA ECD delivers a transmission modulation (ΔT) of 48.8% over visible region, a coloration efficiency of 356 ​cm² ​C⁻¹ and sustains 2300+ cycles with no loss in optical contrast, but when harnessed to a PSK ​+ ​FAP-IL solar cell and exposed to 1 sun irradiance achieves a ΔT of 36.6% and a photo-coloration efficiency (η) of 14.9 ​cm² ​min⁻¹ W⁻¹, without the application of any external bias or current. This cost-effective integrated system, comprising a PSK ​+ ​FAP-IL solar cell and an ECD, not only effectively harvests solar energy but also serves as an intelligent window.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000144/pdfft?md5=d164b9073547b877af4fa106e64f08b4&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000144-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140348140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal structure of strontium aluminates phosphors containing bismuth oxides","authors":"O.N. Lis ,&nbsp;N.M. Belozerova ,&nbsp;S.E. Kichanov ,&nbsp;G.P. Shevchenko ,&nbsp;Yu.V. Bokshyts ,&nbsp;V.A. Zhuravkov ,&nbsp;D.P. Kozlenko ,&nbsp;A.A. Ushkov ,&nbsp;T.N. Vershinina","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The composite phosphors SrAl₂O₄/Sr₃Al₂O₆:Bi₂O₃/Bi₂O₄ synthesized by a solid-phase approach have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and optical spectroscopy methods. A redistribution of Bi³⁺ ions between two phases was observed by changes in crystal parameters, bond length, and vibrational frequencies on Raman spectra. A relationship between the structure of the host matrix and the optical characteristics of phosphors has been established.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000132/pdfft?md5=9a5f5495897ffa61ad44ce49d137f476&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000132-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring advanced functional nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors for the detection of mycotoxins in food matrices: A comprehensive review","authors":"Rupali P. Kalambate ,&nbsp;Pramod K. Kalambate ,&nbsp;Hossein Khosropour ,&nbsp;Parichut Thummarati ,&nbsp;Anchalee Chiabchalard ,&nbsp;Watcharee Boonlue ,&nbsp;Wanida Laiwattanapaisal","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The detection of mycotoxins is a worldwide issue given their significant effects on both food safety and human health. The European Union (EU) has implemented various measures to address mycotoxin contamination and regulate their levels in food and feed. Given the high toxicity of mycotoxins, it is essential to develop a sensor that is sensitive, selective, and practical for their detection. The electrochemical sensing platforms emerge as a feasible analytical instrument for tackling specificity and sensitivity concerns, owing to its cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and user-friendly nature. The present review outlines a variety of electrochemical sensing platforms that have been developed in recent years for the detection of mycotoxins. Initially, it provides an overview of electrochemical sensors, both nonenzymatic and enzymatic featuring diverse bioreceptors such as immunosensors, aptasensors, and enzymatic sensors, all geared towards detecting mycotoxins. The subsequent section provides further details on electrochemical sensors that are portable, wireless, and compatible with smartphones. In summary, the review sought to offer valuable perspectives on the existing challenges and prospective advancements in electrochemical sensor technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000120/pdfft?md5=7c52d20867ff490230e8f405f918d471&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000120-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on synthesis and modification of cobalt-molybdenum based sulfides as hydrogen and oxygen evolution catalysts for water electrolysis","authors":"Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Chunlin Hu,&nbsp;Peng Deng,&nbsp;Yanhong Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen energy as the alternative to fossil fuel received wide attention. Among different methods of hydrogen production, water electrolysis is the cleanest and most promising method. However, its development is greatly limited by hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) reaction and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) reaction. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop low-cost, high activity, and good stability of non-precious metal catalyst to replace the precious metal catalyst (Pt, RuO₂), and to further reduce overpotential and power consumption. To date, great efforts have been made to develop transition metal compounds with electrocatalytic performance, such as sulfides, oxides, and carbides materials. Especially, transition metal sulfides play a very important role as catalysts and have attracted wide attention for their structural adjustability, high abundance, and mild preparation process. In this introduction, we focus on the role of transition metal sulfides in catalysts for water electrolysis, especially in a few most studied sulfides such as cobalt/molybdenum based sulfides and the recently reported homogeneous cobalt-molybdenum based sulfides, in which cobalt acts as a key element. Composition, morphology, and size are the most important factors that influence the intrinsic activity, electrical conductivity, and electronic structure of these transition metal sulfides. Besides, the effect of carbon nanomaterials as carrier materials is also discussed. The aim of this review is to emphasize the great potentials of cobalt and molybdenum based sulfides with high performance, and to help improve the performance of existing sulfides and explore new modification methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000119/pdfft?md5=3e56cb2b27a00516bc14c464fad238a1&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000119-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140138662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver fused multifunctional CeIn2O5 nanoparticle: Photocatalytic, antibacterial and electrochemical sensor studies","authors":"Shivaswamy M B ,&nbsp;Karthikdev P ,&nbsp;Madhukar B S ,&nbsp;Hemanth B S ,&nbsp;Deviprasad M J ,&nbsp;Kavya R ,&nbsp;Sangamesha M A ,&nbsp;Anand A P ,&nbsp;Spoorthy H P ,&nbsp;Nagendra Prasad H S","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current work reveals the creation of Ag: CeIn₂O₅ (ACI NPs) metallic oxide nanoparticles using solution combustion for antibacterial research, photocatalytic degradation of a malachite green and electrochemical quantification of substances. Different analytical techniques were used to determine the chemical, physical and structural aspects of ACI NPs. The prepared ACI NPs is subjected to UV–Vis spectroscopy to evaluate the absorption and energy band gap, which was found to be 349 ​nm (<em>λ</em>_max) and 3.5 ​eV respectively. Malachite green (5 ​ppm) elimination in the presence of UV–visible light was examined by utilising ACI NPs as a photo-catalyst. Due to improved charge separation and quick electron mobility with in the nanoparticles, the ACI NPs demonstrated a superior photocatalytic degradation efficiency (94.4%). Additionally, a functional electrode containing ACI NPs was developed by modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with ACI NPs. According to electrochemical studies to quantify H₂O₂, which shows the linearity in peak current with concentration ranges from 2.5 to 15 ​mM. The antibacterial property of the prepared nanoparticles was characterised by comparing with the standard antibiotic streptomycin at 10 μg/disc in a dose-dependent manner (20, 25, 30, 35, 40, &amp; 45 ​μg/mL) which exhibits the zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 19.2–32.25 ​± ​0.08 ​mm, against methicillin resistant <em>staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) in a dose-dependent method. As a result, it was established that the ACI NPs acts effectively as a multifunctional material and could be scaled up for the detection of H₂O₂, degradation of malachite green and possess antibacterial activity against MRSA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000107/pdfft?md5=65338e802b0aae8f0485aa763a11530d&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000107-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140030127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on the synthesis of substituted piperazine and its novel bio-medicinal applications","authors":"Muhammad Rizwan ,&nbsp;Sobia Noreen ,&nbsp;Sadia Asim ,&nbsp;Zohaib Liaqat ,&nbsp;Musrat Shaheen ,&nbsp;Hina Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Piperazine is two nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound. The fundamental activity of the piperazine is due to the 1,4-position of nitrogen atoms and their substitutions. The SN₁ reaction is followed by the others alkylation and substitution reactions. Substituted piperazine derivatives hold an important position for the development of crucial drugs. They exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities e.g. antitubercular, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antidiabetic and antimalarial. Immense numbers of biological activities displayed by disubstituted piperazine derivatives are due to the presence of two nitrogen atoms in the ring. Keeping in mind their biological activity profile, a series of novel 1,4-substituted piperazine synthesized derivatives were collected. All the prepared derivatives are expected to show different biological activities particularly enzyme inhibition activities against <em>α</em>-Amylase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000090/pdfft?md5=8b802b4d1d8a5665cbf83fc0a2193369&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000090-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139985888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on concrete by partial replacement of cement with fly ash and coarse aggregates with palm kernel shells (Pks) and with addition of hybrid fibers","authors":"Siva Shanmukha Anjaneya Babu Padavala,&nbsp;Subhashish Dey,&nbsp;G.T.N. Veerendra,&nbsp;Akula Venkata Phani Manoj","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Now a day’s production of sustainable concrete is a significant issue because of the reduction in raw sources. Thus, the present investigation attempts to investigate the strength characteristics of lightweight concrete produced by substituting the cement with Fly Ash (FA) and Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) with Coarse Aggregate (CA). In this investigation grade of concrete, M₃₀ was considered. In the first phase, cement is partially replaced with FA indifferent proportions like 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ​%, respectively. In the second phase, by keeping the optimum FA content constant, the CA is partially replaced with PKS in different proportions, i.e. 5 ​%, 10 ​% and 15 ​%. In addition to that, the effect of hybrid fibers is also studied. The results showed that the concrete produced by replacing 25 ​% of cement with FA and 10 ​% of CA by PKS along with 1.2 ​% fibers gives optimum strength. This suggests that lightweight concrete with low-cost can be produced by combining FA and PKS, thus delivering reasonable housing and conserving raw resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000016/pdfft?md5=03a44b5a8de69479fb478082af7afb95&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000016-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate temperature production of manganese oxides via thermal treatment – Structural and thermal properties","authors":"S. Balamurugan ,&nbsp;S.A. Ashika ,&nbsp;T.K. Sana Fathima","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, few precursors (MnCl₂.4H₂O, MnCO₃, MnO₂, and KMnO₄) were simply heated at 650 ​°C for 10 ​h and examined their phase formation and thermal features of Mn-based oxides. Cubic Mn₂O₃ phase materials with space group, <em>Ia-3</em> (206) formed for the heat treated products of MnCl₂.4H₂O and MnO₂ precursors. However, the purity is differed for the heat treated product of MnCl₂.4H₂O, for this three weak impurities are noted along with the major Mn₂O₃ phase. Mixed phases of Mn₂O₃ and Mn₅O₈ were observed for the heating of MnCO₃ precursor. The resemblance of <em>δ</em>-MnO₂ phase was observed for the heat treated product of KMnO₄ precursors. While the heat treated products of MnCl₂.4H₂O, MnCO₃, and MnO₂ precursors show the low weight loss of 1.5–3.3 %, the heat treated KMnO₄ precursor shows relatively high weight loss of 22.6 % with weak exothermic and endothermic peaks at 100 and 797 ​°C, respectively. The Mn₂O₃ nanomaterials exhibit a morphology resembling nanorods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000077/pdfft?md5=51c36f5d687c21ce87b9432decca87b2&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000077-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139675808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycerol carbonate synthesis via Zn(OBu)2/AlCl2(OBu) initiated-glycerolysis of urea","authors":"Dita Dwi Andriyani ,&nbsp;Laode Abdul Kadir ,&nbsp;Nova Pratiwi Indriyani ,&nbsp;Yessi Permana","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glycerol carbonate (4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one) was efficiently synthesized from glycerolysis of urea initiated by Zn(OBu)₂/Al(OBu)Cl₂. The zinc-aluminum complex mixture was prepared from zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and aluminum tri-<em>sec</em>-butylate (Al(OBu)₃. The complex successfully initiated the urea glycerolysis in 1 : 1 ​mol ratio of glycerol to urea to produce glycerol carbonate up to 85% and selectivity up to 97% at 150 ​°C and 1 ​atm of N₂ for 4 ​h in the absence of solvents. Isocyanate was observed as a key intermediate in this reaction. A kinetic study showed the reaction likely followed pseudo first-order kinetics with estimated activation energy (<em>E</em>_<em>a</em>) of 38 ​kJ/mol. Density-functional theory calculations with MN15-L functional described the formation of glycerol carbonate as spontaneous with the Gibbs free energy of −28.41 ​kJ ​mol⁻¹.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000089/pdfft?md5=4519dc4abea8fc7a60d8813cd8e15102&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000089-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139699990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning the properties of manganese-doped zinc oxide nanostructured thin films deposited by SILAR approach","authors":"C.J. Nkamuo ,&nbsp;N.L. Okoli ,&nbsp;F.N. Nzekwe ,&nbsp;N.J. Egwunyenga","doi":"10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cinorg.2024.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thin films of manganese-doped zinc oxide (Mn-ZnO) were fabricated using the successive ionic layer adsorption reaction (SILAR) technique. The deposition process involved four steps in a SILAR setup, utilizing zinc (II) acetate (0.20 ​M) and manganese (II) chloride (0.05 ​M) as zinc and manganese ion precursors, respectively. To provide a source of oxygen, the NaOH solution was heated to 60 ​°C on a hot plate. Three samples were grown with SILAR cycle counts of 5, 15, and 25 cycles. The optical, structural, morphological, and compositional properties of the resulting films were characterized. Using the gravimetric method, the thickness of the films increased from 57.96 ​nm to 177.63 ​nm as the number of SILAR cycles increased while the growth rate was found to decrease from 11.50 nm/cycle to 7.10 nm/cycle. Optical analysis revealed that the absorbance increased, whereas the transmittance decreased with an increasing number of SILAR cycles. The absorbance values of the films range from 1.72 ​% to 42.10 ​% while transmittance values ranged from 38.39 ​% to 96.12 ​%. The band gap of the films decreased from 2.75 ​eV to 3.35 ​eV as the SILAR cycle count increased from 5 to 25 cycles. Structural examination indicated that the deposited manganese-doped zinc oxide films possessed a polycrystalline nature with a hexagonal crystal phase and average grain sizes ranging from 25.35 to 32.67 ​nm. The micrographs of the films exhibited agglomerated particles, which grew in size as the number of SILAR cycles increased. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the presence of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and oxygen in the films; their proportions increased as the SILAR cycle count increased.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100233,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry of Inorganic Materials","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949746924000065/pdfft?md5=74628b3e5ca978adb23dd31a79b6a069&pid=1-s2.0-S2949746924000065-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139493690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}