Cancer Innovation最新文献

{"title":"Advances in research on molecular markers in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis","authors":"Jun Shao,&nbsp;Chuanbin Liu,&nbsp;Jing Wang","doi":"10.1002/cai2.100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cai2.100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) play a crucial role in the immunotherapy of malignant tumors, preventing immune evasion by tumor cells and activating autoimmune cells to eliminate the tumor. Despite their proven effectiveness in antitumor therapy, potential immune-related adverse effects must be recognized, particularly ICI-associated myocarditis (ICIAM). ICIAM is the most lethal form of organ immunotoxicity, with a significant impact on short-term mortality. However, ICIAM is predominantly asymptomatic or mildly nonspecific. It is difficult to diagnose, especially due to the lack of unique molecular markers. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress made in identifying molecular markers for ICIAM.</p>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 6","pages":"439-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138822593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the role of circulating tumor cell heterogeneity in metastatic small cell lung cancer","authors":"Qunxia Wang,&nbsp;Li-Ming Tan","doi":"10.1002/cai2.98","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cai2.98","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a highly aggressive malignancy, is rapidly at an extensive stage once diagnosed and is one of the leading causes of death from malignancy. In the past decade, the treatment of SCLC has largely remained unchanged, and chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of SCLC treatment. The therapeutic value of adding immune checkpoint inhibitors to chemotherapy for SCLC is low, and only a few SCLC patients have shown a response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells shed from solid tumor masses into the peripheral circulation and are key to tumor metastasis. Single-cell sequencing has revealed that the genetic profiles of individual CTCs are highly heterogeneous and contribute to the poor outcome and prognosis of SCLC patients. Theoretically, phenotypic analysis of CTCs may be able to predict the diagnostic significance of new potential targets for metastatic tumors. In this paper, we will discuss in depth the heterogeneity of CTCs in SCLC and the value of CTCs for the diagnosis and prognosis of SCLC and as relevant tumor markers in metastatic SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.98","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the safety and efficiency of cytotoxic T cell therapy sensitized by tumor antigens original from T-ALL-iPSC in vivo","authors":"Weiran Li,&nbsp;Meiling Zhou,&nbsp;Lu Wang,&nbsp;Liying Huang,&nbsp;Xuemei Chen,&nbsp;Xizhuo Sun,&nbsp;Tao Liu","doi":"10.1002/cai2.95","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cai2.95","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since RNA sequencing has shown that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) share a common antigen profile with tumor cells, cancer vaccines that focus on iPSCs have made promising progress in recent years. Previously, we showed that iPSCs derived from leukemic cells of patients with primary T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) have a gene expression profile similar to that of T-ALL cell lines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mice with T-ALL were treated with dendritic and T (DC-T) cells loaded with intact and complete antigens from T-ALL-derived iPSCs (T-ALL-iPSCs). We evaluated the safety and antitumor efficiency of autologous tumor-derived iPSC antigens by flow cytometry, cytokine release assay, acute toxicity experiments, long-term toxicity experiments, and other methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that complete tumor antigens from T-ALL-iPSCs could inhibit the growth of inoculated tumors in immunocompromised mice without causing acute and long-term toxicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>T-ALL-iPSC-based treatment is safe and can be used as a potential strategy for leukemia immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.95","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment-related adverse events of antibody-drug conjugates in clinical trials: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Jinming Li,&nbsp;Guoshuang Shen,&nbsp;Zhen Liu,&nbsp;Yaobang Liu,&nbsp;Miaozhou Wang,&nbsp;Fuxing Zhao,&nbsp;Dengfeng Ren,&nbsp;Qiqi Xie,&nbsp;Zitao Li,&nbsp;Zhilin Liu,&nbsp;Yi Zhao,&nbsp;Fei Ma,&nbsp;Xinlan Liu,&nbsp;Zhengbo Xu,&nbsp;Jiuda Zhao","doi":"10.1002/cai2.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.97","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The wide use of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) is transforming the cancer-treatment landscape. Understanding the treatment-related adverse events (AEs) of ADCs is crucial for their clinical application. We conducted a meta-analysis to analyze the profile and incidence of AEs related to ADC use in the treatment of solid tumors and hematological malignancies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for articles published from January 2001 to October 2022. The overall profile and incidence of all-grade and grade ≥ 3 treatment-related AEs were the primary outcomes of the analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 138 trials involving 15,473 patients were included in this study. The overall incidence of any-grade treatment-related AEs was 100.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 99.9%–100.0%; <i>I</i>² = 89%) and the incidence of grade ≥ 3 treatment-related AEs was 6.2% (95% CI: 3.0%–12.4%; <i>I</i>² = 99%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides a comprehensive overview of AEs related to ADCs used for cancer treatment. ADC use resulted in a high incidence of any-grade AEs but a low incidence of grade ≥ 3 AEs. The AE profiles and incidence differed according to cancer type, ADC type, and ADC components.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 5","pages":"346-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71979901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics analysis of human kallikrein 5 (KLK5) expression in metaplastic triple-negative breast cancer","authors":"Yue Song,&nbsp;Guiying Bai,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Li,&nbsp;Liyan Zhou,&nbsp;Yiran Si,&nbsp;Xiaohui Liu,&nbsp;Yilin Deng,&nbsp;Yehui Shi","doi":"10.1002/cai2.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.96","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare breast cancer subtype; most cases are triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and are poorly responsive to conventional systemic therapy. Few potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for distinguishing between metaplastic TNBC and nonmetaplastic TNBC have been discovered. We performed bioinformatic analysis to explore the underlying mechanism by which metaplastic TNBC differs from nonmetaplastic TNBC and provides potential pathogenic genes of metaplastic TNBC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in metaplastic tumors and nonmetaplastic tumors from TNBC patients were screened using GSE165407. The GSE76275 data set and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used to screen DEGs in TNBC and non-TNBC. Metascape and DAVID were used for the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of DEGs. Online databases, including UALCAN, GEPIA, HPA, Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner, and quantitative PCR and western blot, were used to examine <i>KLK5</i> messenger RNA and protein expression in breast cancer. Analysis of <i>KLK5</i>‑associated genes was performed with TCGA data, and the LinkedOmics database was used to detect the genes co-expressed with <i>KLK5</i>. STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes) and Cytoscape were used to screen for hub genes. Kaplan‑Meier plotter was used for survival analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>KLK5</i> was identified among the DEGs in nonmetaplastic TNBC and metaplastic TNBC. The <i>KLK5</i> gene was overexpressed in nonmetaplastic TNBC but downregulated in metaplastic TNBC. KEGG and GO analyses revealed that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition was a pathogenic mechanism in metaplastic TNBC and an important pathway by which <i>KLK5</i> and its associated genes <i>DSG1</i> and <i>DSG3</i> influence metaplastic TNBC progression. Prognosis analysis showed that only low expression of <i>KLK5</i> in metaplastic TNBC had clinical significance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our research indicated that <i>KLK5</i> may be a pivotal molecule with a key role in the mechanism of tumorigenesis in metaplastic TNBC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 5","pages":"376-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71979902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive treatment of von Hippel-Lindau disease: A case report","authors":"Xuesong Li,&nbsp;Zheng Mo,&nbsp;Zhuo Yu","doi":"10.1002/cai2.94","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cai2.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p>von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare autosomal dominant multiorgan disease characterized by several benign and malignant tumors rich in vascular, as well as cysts in other organs. A great clinical treatment strategy is significantly warranted for good prognosis of patients with VHL disease. Herein, we reported a case of a 45-year-old woman diagnosed with VHL disease with spinal hemangioblastoma (HB) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Four years after the resection of the right kidney, a recurrent RCC in the right kidney and a malignant lesion in the left kidney were observed. This patient was started on sorafenib (800 mg, daily) and tislelizumab (200 mg per 3 weeks). After 6 months of treatment, the size of renal cell carcinoma was dramatically reduced and renal function improved. More importantly, she achieved partial response during the whole treatment. Microscopically, intramedullary masses resection was done and the HB in T4-5 thoracic spinal was removed. Neurologic symptoms such as numbness and pain were remarkably alleviated. Additionally, tislelizumab-induced elevation in liver transaminase levels and hypothyroidism were revered by hepatoprotector and levothyroxine, respectively. In short, comprehensive treatment strategies may benefit patients with VHL disease, especially with HB and ccRCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.94","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine-learning radiomics to predict bone marrow metastasis of neuroblastoma using magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"Lin Lv,&nbsp;Zhengtao Zhang,&nbsp;Dongbo Zhang,&nbsp;Qinchang Chen,&nbsp;Yuanfang Liu,&nbsp;Ya Qiu,&nbsp;Wen Fu,&nbsp;Xuntao Yin,&nbsp;Xiong Chen","doi":"10.1002/cai2.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.92","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuroblastoma is one common pediatric malignancy notorious for high temporal and spatial heterogeneities. More than half of its patients develop distant metastases involving vascularized organs, especially the bone marrow. It is thus necessary to have an economical, noninvasive method without much radiation for follow-ups. Radiomics has been used in many cancers to assist accurate diagnosis but not yet in bone marrow metastasis in neuroblastoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 182 patients with neuroblastoma were retrospectively collected and randomly divided into the training and validation sets. Five-hundred and seventy-two radiomics features were extracted from magnetic resonance imaging, among which 41 significant ones were selected via <i>T</i>-test for model development. We attempted 13 machine-learning algorithms and eventually chose three best-performed models. The integrative performance evaluations are based on the area under the curves (AUCs), calibration curves, risk deciles plots, and other indexes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extreme gradient boosting, random forest (RF), and adaptive boosting were the top three to predict bone marrow metastases in neuroblastoma while RF was the most accurate one. Its AUC was 0.90 (0.86–0.93), F1 score was 0.82, sensitivity was 0.76, and negative predictive value was 0.79 in the training set. The values were 0.82 (0.71–0.93), 0.80, 0.75, and 0.92 in the validation set, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Radiomics models are likely to contribute more to metastatic diagnoses and the formulation of personalized healthcare strategies in clinics. It has great potential of being a revolutionary method to replace traditional interventions in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 5","pages":"405-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71977728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current insights into the oncogenic roles of lncRNA LINC00355","authors":"Jinze Shen,&nbsp;Xinming Su,&nbsp;Ming Pan,&nbsp;Zehua Wang,&nbsp;Yufei Ke,&nbsp;Qurui Wang,&nbsp;Jingyin Dong,&nbsp;Shiwei Duan","doi":"10.1002/cai2.91","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cai2.91","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of nonprotein-coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. LINC00355 is a lncRNA located on chromosome 13q21.31 and is consistently upregulated in various cancers. It regulates the expression of downstream genes at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, including eight microRNAs (miR-15a-5p, miR-34b-5p, miR-424-5p, miR-1225, miR-217-5p, miR-6777-3p, miR-195, and miR-466) and three protein-coding genes (<i>ITGA2</i>, <i>RAD18</i>, and <i>UBE3C</i>). LINC00355 plays a role in regulating various biological processes such as cell cycle progression, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. It is involved in the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and p53 signaling pathway. Upregulation of LINC00355 has been identified as a high-risk factor in cancer patients and its increased expression is associated with poorer overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival. LINC00355 upregulation has been linked to several unfavorable clinical characteristics, including advanced tumor node metastasis and World Health Organization stages, reduced Karnofsky Performance Scale scores, increased tumor size, greater depth of invasion, and more extensive lymph node metastasis. LINC00355 induces chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells by regulating five downstream genes, namely <i>HMGA2</i>, <i>ABCB1</i>, <i>ITGA2</i>, <i>WNT10B</i>, and <i>CCNE1</i> genes. In summary, LINC00355 is a potential oncogene with great potential as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 6","pages":"448-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.91","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The road toward breast cancer single-disease quality control in China","authors":"Bo Lan,&nbsp;Qiao Li,&nbsp;Fei Ma,&nbsp;Binghe Xu","doi":"10.1002/cai2.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Malignant tumors have become a major threat to human health worldwide. According to incomplete statistics from the World Health Organization, in 112 of 183 countries, malignant tumors are the primary cause of death among people under the age of 70, and cancer morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year [<span>1</span>]. Owing to the limits of current medical technology, it is impossible to completely overcome this persistent disease.</p><p>In China, with the development of the social economy and the advancement of medicine, the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors has improved year by year, along with the cure rate of early cancer patients, and the survival period of advanced cancer patients. Statistics from the National Cancer Center of China (NCC) show that the 5-year survival rate of malignant tumors in China has increased from 30.9% in 2003–2005 to 40.5% in 2012–2015 [<span>2</span>]. China clearly stated in the 2016 <i>Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan</i> that the health management of chronic diseases for the entire population and the whole life cycle will be realized by 2030, and the overall 5-year survival rate of cancer will increase by 15%. The 2019 <i>State Council's Opinions on Implementing the Healthy China Action</i> clarified this goal and proposed that by 2022 and 2030, the overall 5-year cancer survival rate should not be lower than 43.3% and 46.6%, respectively. In general, however, problems persist in China, such as uneven diagnosis and treatment levels, inadequate implementation of guidelines, and insufficient sharing of diagnosis and treatment information in the process of cancer diagnosis and treatment. Continuously improving the quality of cancer diagnosis and treatment and standardizing tumor diagnosis and treatment behavior are crucial to improving the cancer survival rate in China.</p><p>From the perspective of tumor diagnosis and treatment management, quality control is an important means to achieve the 5-year survival rate goal. Medical quality control refers to the process of establishing procedures and methods to examine and standardize the reliability and quality of all factors involved in medical work. Medical quality control is important for the guarantee of medical treatment. In recent years, the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) has insisted on carrying out single-disease treatment quality control in all medical institutions. The NHC issued the <i>Notice on Further Strengthening the Quality Management and Control of Single Diseases</i> in 2020 and the <i>2021 National Medical Quality and Safety Improvement Targets</i> in February 2021, both of which included quality control indexes for standardized diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.</p><p>Breast cancer is currently the most common malignant tumor in the world. In 2020, there were 2.26 million new cases of breast cancer worldwide accounting for approximately 11.7% of new cancer cases [<span>1</span","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 5","pages":"319-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71921168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a nomogram to predict cardiac death after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer","authors":"Xinfang Lv,&nbsp;Xue Wu,&nbsp;Kai Liu,&nbsp;Xinke Zhao,&nbsp;Chenliang Pan,&nbsp;Jing Zhao,&nbsp;Juan Chang,&nbsp;Huan Guo,&nbsp;Xiang Gao,&nbsp;Xiaodong Zhi,&nbsp;Chunzhen Ren,&nbsp;Qilin Chen,&nbsp;Hugang Jiang,&nbsp;Chunling Wang,&nbsp;Ying-Dong Li","doi":"10.1002/cai2.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.89","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients frequently die from cardiac causes after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Early detection of cardiac death risk in these patients is crucial to improve clinical decision-making and prognosis. Thus, we modeled the risk of cardiac death after irradiation for esophageal cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis of 37,599 esophageal cancer cases treated with radiotherapy in the SEER database between 2000 and 2018 was performed. The selected cases were randomly assigned to the model development group (<i>n</i> = 26,320) and model validation group (<i>n</i> = 11,279) at a ratio of 7:3. We identified the risk factors most commonly associated with cardiac death by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis (LASSO). The endpoints for model development and validation were 5- and 10-year survival rates. The net clinical benefit of the models was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA) and concordance index (C-index). The performance of the models was further assessed by creating a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis was performed on the probability of death. Patients were classified according to death probability thresholds. Five- and ten-year survival rates for the two groups were shown using K-M curves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The major risk factors for cardiac death were age, surgery, year of diagnosis, sequence of surgery and radiotherapy, chemotherapy and a number of tumors, which were used to create the nomogram. The C-indexes of the nomograms were 0.708 and 0.679 for the development and validation groups, respectively. DCA showed the good net clinical benefit of nomograms in predicting 5- and 10-year risk of cardiac death. The model exhibited moderate predictive power for 5- and 10-year cardiac mortality (AUC: 0.833 and 0.854, respectively), and for the development and validation cohorts (AUC: 0.76 and 0.813, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our nomogram may assist clinicians in making clinical decisions about patients undergoing radiotherapy for esophageal cancer based on early detection of cardiac death risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 5","pages":"391-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71921167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}