Cancer Innovation最新文献

{"title":"Guideline for the Management Pathway and Quality Control of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment in China's Counties","authors":"Breast Cancer Expert Committee of National Cancer Quality Control Center,&nbsp;Cancer Prevention and Treatment Committee of Healthy China Research Center","doi":"10.1002/cai2.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women in China, with approximately 306,000 new cases reported in 2016. Notably, around 33% (100,400) of these cases occurred in rural areas. County-level hospitals, encompassing counties and county-level cities, serve as the primary diagnostic units for the majority of rural breast cancer patients. These hospitals are integral to cancer prevention, screening, maintenance treatment, rehabilitation, follow-up, and referral processes. However, economic and geographical constraints result in county-level hospitals being relatively deficient in medical equipment, health human resources, and drug accessibility. Consequently, there is a critical need for breast cancer prevention and management guidelines that are tailored to the specific conditions of China's counties. In response to this need, and within the policy framework of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, a Chinese expert group has developed the <i>Guideline for the Management Pathway and Quality Control of Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment in China's Counties (2023 Edition)</i>. This guideline aims to expand the availability of quality medical resources, ensure better distribution of these resources across regions, and enhance the capacity for breast cancer prevention and treatment. Ultimately, the goal is to improve the prognosis and quality of life for breast cancer patients in China's counties. This guideline includes clear and concise path diagrams that are easy to implement in clinical practice, serving as a valuable reference for clinicians in county-level hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individualized Analysis of Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy Versus Modified Radical Mastectomy Using Deep Learning","authors":"Enzhao Zhu,&nbsp;Linmei Zhang,&nbsp;Pu Ai,&nbsp;Jiayi Wang,&nbsp;Chunyu Hu,&nbsp;Huiqing Pan,&nbsp;Weizhong Shi,&nbsp;Ziqin Xu,&nbsp;Yidan Fang,&nbsp;Zisheng Ai","doi":"10.1002/cai2.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) and modified radical mastectomy (MRM) on individual survival outcomes and to assess the potential of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) in reducing surgical intervention requirements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To develop treatment recommendations for breast cancer patients, five machine learning models were trained. To mitigate bias in treatment allocation, advanced statistical methods, including propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW), were applied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NSM demonstrated either superior or noninferior survival outcomes compared with MRM across all breast cancer stages, irrespective of adjustments for IPTW and PSM. Among all models and National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, the Balanced Individual and Mixture Effect (BIME) for survival regression model proposed in this study showed the strongest protective effects in treatment recommendations, as evidenced by an IPTW hazard ratio of 0.39 (95% CI: 0.26–0.59), an IPTW risk difference of 19.66% (95% CI: 18.20–21.13), and an IPTW difference in restricted mean survival time of 17.77 months (95% CI: 16.37–19.21). NST independently reduced the probability of surgical intervention by 1.4% (95% CI: 0.9%–2.0%), with the greatest impact observed in patients with locally advanced breast cancer, in whom a 4.5% reduction (95% CI: 3.8%–5.2%) in surgical selection was noted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The BIME model provides superior accuracy in recommending surgical approaches for breast cancer patients, leading to improved survival outcomes. These findings underscore the potential of BIME to enhance clinical decision-making. However, further investigation incorporating comprehensive prognostic evaluation is needed to optimize the surgical selection process and refine its clinical utility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Mechanism of IFN-γ-Inducible Lysosomal Thiol Reductase-Mediated Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation","authors":"Qin Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoning Yuan,&nbsp;Youcheng Shao,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Guan,&nbsp;Kaixiang Feng,&nbsp;Mengfei Chu,&nbsp;Le Chen,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Hanhui Liu,&nbsp;Jingwei Zhang,&nbsp;Yihao Tian,&nbsp;Lei Wei","doi":"10.1002/cai2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.161","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Breast cancer has become a severe threat to human health, making it imperative to identify effective drugs and therapeutic targets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Various molecular biology experiments, such as western blot analysis, cytologic effect, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence assays, as well as a nude mouse xenograft tumor model, were used to comprehensively analyze the impact of gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (GILT) on the malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells. This work was performed to examine GILT expression levels and explore the potential mechanism in breast cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GILT protein expression levels were significantly lower in breast cancer cells than in normal breast epithelial cells. Overexpressing GILT inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and migration and slowed tumor growth. GILT inhibited the interaction between the MYC and WDR5 transcription complex and played a tumor-suppressive role. The MYC/WDR5 transcription complex inhibitor OICR-9429 could synergize with GILT to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals a potential mechanism by which GILT can slow breast cancer growth, as well as identifying the possible clinical application value of small molecule inhibitor OICR-9429. These data collectively provide novel treatment strategies for breast cancer therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Putative Ibrutinib Targets Promotes Atrial Fibrillation, Conduction Blocks, and Proarrhythmic Electrocardiogram Indices: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis","authors":"Hongxuan Xu,&nbsp;Bingxun Li,&nbsp;Pinchao Lv,&nbsp;Ying Chen,&nbsp;Yanyun Lin,&nbsp;An Zhang,&nbsp;Jing Zhao,&nbsp;Guoxiong Zhou,&nbsp;Lin Wu","doi":"10.1002/cai2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mechanism by which ibrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, can elevate the risk of arrhythmias is not fully elucidated. In this study, we explored how inhibition of off-target kinases can contribute to this phenomenon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to examine the causal associations between genetically proxied inhibition of six putative ibrutinib drug targets (ErbB2/HER2, CSK, JAK3, TEC, BLK, and PLCG2) and the atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, proarrhythmic ECG indices, and cardiometabolic traits and diseases. Inverse-variance weighted random-effects models and Wald ratio were used to examine the associations between genetically proxied inhibition of these drug targets and the risk of outcomes. Colocalization analyses were employed to examine the robustness of the causally significant findings. ELISAs were used to measure ErbB2 levels in intracardiac plasma samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetically proxied ErbB2 inhibition was associated with an increased AF risk, higher P wave terminal force, and prolonged QTc interval. Patients with AF had significantly higher intracardiac ErbB2 levels compared with patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. CSK inhibition prolonged the QRS duration, decreased the QTc interval, and was potentially linked to conduction blocks. PLCG2 inhibition led to decreased P wave terminal force, shorter QTc interval, and increased risk of left bundle branch block. BLK inhibition shortened the QTc interval and was also associated with atrioventricular block.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The off-target effects and downstream targets of ibrutinib, including CSK, PLCG2, ERBB2, TEC, and BLK, may lead to cardiac electrical homeostasis imbalances and lethal cardiovascular diseases. Using drugs that inhibit these targets should be given extra caution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomography-Based Habitat Analysis for Prognostic Stratification in Colorectal Liver Metastases","authors":"Chaoqun Zhou,&nbsp;Hao Xin,&nbsp;Lihua Qian,&nbsp;Yong Zhang,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Junpeng Luo","doi":"10.1002/cai2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) has a poor prognosis, and traditional prognostic models have certain limitations in clinical application. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of CT-based habitat analysis in CRLM patients and compare it with existing traditional prognostic models to provide more evidence for individualized treatment of CRLM patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included 197 patients with CRLM whose preoperative contrast-enhanced CT images and corresponding DICOM Segmentation Objects (DSOs) were obtained from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Tumor regions were segmented, and habitat features representing distinct subregions were extracted. An unsupervised K-means clustering algorithm classified the tumors into two clusters based on their habitat characteristics. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to evaluate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and liver-specific DFS. The habitat model's predictive performance was compared with the Clinical Risk Score (CRS) and Tumor Burden Score (TBS) using the concordance index (C-index), Integrated Brier Score (IBS), and time-dependent area under the curve (AUC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The habitat model identified two distinct patient clusters with significant differences in OS, DFS, and liver-specific DFS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Compared with CRS and TBS, the habitat model demonstrated superior predictive accuracy, particularly for DFS and liver-specific DFS, with higher time-dependent AUC values and improved model calibration (lower IBS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CT-based habitat analysis captures spatial tumor heterogeneity and provides enhanced prognostic stratification in CRLM. The method outperforms conventional models and offers potential for more personalized treatment planning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological Effects of Proton Radiotherapy: New Opportunities and Challenges in Cancer Therapy","authors":"Anhang Zhang,&nbsp;Liyuan Fan,&nbsp;Qi Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoxin Zuo,&nbsp;Jian Zhu","doi":"10.1002/cai2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Radiation therapy can be categorised by particle type into photon, proton and heavy ion therapies. Proton radiotherapy is highlighted due to its unique physical properties, such as the Bragg peak and minimal exit dose, which offer superior dose distribution. This makes proton radiotherapy especially advantageous for treating tumours near vital organs with complex structures, such as gliomas near the brain, nasopharyngeal carcinoma near the brainstem and mediastinal tumours near the heart. Proton irradiation can induce distant effects through immunogenicity within the target area. The reduced low-dose zone outside the target provides better lymphatic system protection and immune benefits. Additionally, combining proton radiotherapy with immunotherapy may offer further biological advantages. These features make proton radiotherapy a promising option in cancer treatment. This article may aid in the understanding of proton radiotherapy and its immune effects and lead to new effective options for tumour treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-Cadherin in Biliary Tract Cancer Stroma, a Potent Pharmacological Target for Biliary Tract Carcinogenesis","authors":"Yuki Hanamatsu,&nbsp;Chiemi Saigo,&nbsp;Tamotsu Takeuchi","doi":"10.1002/cai2.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.70001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Based on the empirical data, we propose that T-cadherin could be a molecular target for disrupting the stroma of patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;BTC comprises carcinomas originating in the bile ducts, including cholangiocarcinomas (cancers arising in the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts) and gallbladder carcinomas [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. BTC often exhibits an aggressive clinicopathological course [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Surgical resection remains the most curative treatment option for patients with BTC; however, it may be limited to the early stages of cancer [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Owing to their poor sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, new therapeutic approaches are required for patients with advanced BTC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;One of the remarkable pathological features of BTC is the dense fibrous stroma harboring cancer cell nests. It is well established that stromal cells play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, several targeting therapies are attempted against cancer stroma. For example, lysyl oxidases (LOXs) are a family of five secreted copper-dependent amine oxidases (LOX and LOXL1–4) that promote carcinogenesis by generating cancer stroma. Very recently, Burchard et al. [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;] demonstrated that PXS-5505, which is a small molecule inhibitor of all LOX isoforms, improved chemotherapeutic penetration and reduced the inflammatory reaction of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, thereby enhancing antitumor immunity in autochthonous and orthotopic murine models. Unfortunately, efforts to target individual LOX isoforms have failed to achieve clinical impact, likely due to the compensatory action of other LOX family members. Combination therapies targeting multiple stromal components are warranted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;T-cadherin is an atypical cadherin attached to the plasma membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor without a cytosolic domain [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Notably, it is overexpressed in endothelial cells of tumor-penetrating vessels in several malignant tumors [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study, we investigated whether T-cadherin was also expressed in the tumor endothelial cells of BTC. Immunohistochemical staining using a tissue microarray, with a core diameter of 1.5 mm, demonstrated T-cadherin immunoreactivity in cancer stromal niches in BTC, especially in the cancer invasion microenvironment with a desmoplastic reaction (Figure 1a–d). Furthermore, T-cadherin expression was detected in the endothelial cells of tumor vessels and stromal mesenchymal cells of all 27 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas and 32 of 43 extrahepatic biliary duct adenocarcinomas. Consistent with previous research [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;], T-cadherin immunoreactivity was also observed in the endothelial cells of tumor-penetrating vessels in breast and colorectal cancers. However, little T-cadherin immunoreactivity was observed in the stromal mesenchymal cells of these cancers (Figure 1e,f).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, we could not unravel whether stromal T-cadherin ex","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOGAN for LUAD Subtype Classification by Integrating Three Omics Data Types","authors":"Haibin He,&nbsp;Longxing Wang,&nbsp;Mingyue Ma","doi":"10.1002/cai2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.160","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly heterogeneous cancer type with a poor prognosis. Accurate subtype identification can help guide its treatment. The traditional subtype identification methods using a single-omics approach make it difficult to comprehensively characterize the molecular features of LUAD. Identification of subtypes through multi-omics association strategies can effectively supplement the shortcomings of single-omics information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we used the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to mine transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenomic information and generate an integrated data set. The newly integrated data were then used to identify LUAD immune subtypes. In the improved GAN (MOGAN) method, we not only integrated multiple omics datasets but also included the interactions between proteins and genes and between methylation and genes. Thus, we achieved effective complementarity of multi-omics information.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two subtypes, MOGANTPM_S1 and MOGANTPM_S2, were identified using immune cell infiltration analysis and the integrated multi-omics data. MOGANTPM_S1 patients displayed higher immune cell infiltration, better prognosis, and sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), while MOGANTPM_S2 had lower immune cell infiltration, poorer prognosis, and were insensitive to ICIs. Therefore, immunotherapy was more suitable for MOGANTPM_S1 patients in clinical practice. In addition, this study developed a LUAD subtype diagnostic model using the transcriptomic and proteomic features of five genes, which can be used to guide clinical subtype diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In summary, the MOGAN method was applied to integrate three omics data types and successfully identify two LUAD immune subtypes with significant survival differences. This classification method may be useful for LUAD treatment decisions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy and Safety of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Children With Osteosarcoma: A Retrospective Real-World Study","authors":"Guoqi Wang,&nbsp;Suoqin Tang,&nbsp;Lina Chai,&nbsp;Yan Liang,&nbsp;Tongtong Li,&nbsp;Wenzhi Bi,&nbsp;Chen Feng","doi":"10.1002/cai2.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment of osteosarcoma in children remains difficult. The combination of chemotherapy and surgery is the classic treatment for osteosarcoma. With the development of medicine, chemotherapy has also improved greatly. This study aimed to explore the short-term efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with a protocol of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), high-dose methotrexate, and ifosfamide (PLDMI) in pediatric patients with osteosarcoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between May 1, 2018 and May 1, 2021, 25 pediatric patients with osteosarcoma were included in this retrospective, observational study. All patients received PLDMI including PLD, high-dose methotrexate, and ifosfamide, followed by surgery and postoperative chemotherapy. Tumor parameters at the time of preoperative chemotherapy were evaluated by the investigator using MRI, and the response to preoperative chemotherapy was scored according to the Huvos grading system. Short-term survival was analyzed by a Cox proportional hazard model. Safety was assessed as adverse events (AEs) by the Common Terminology Criteria for AEs version 5.0.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MRI showed that preoperative chemotherapy significantly decreased the coronal tumor width, sagittal anteroposterior diameter, and tumor volume (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while no significant change was found in tumor length (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). More than 90% of tumor necrosis was achieved in 13 (61.9%, 13/21) patients. The 2-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 92% and 76%, respectively. Cox regression analysis identified pathological type and imaging at the time of completion of treatment as independent prognostic factors for children with osteosarcoma. Grade 3–4 AEs included febrile neutropenia (25/25, 100%), secondary anemia (18/25, 72%), secondary thrombocytopenia (20/25, 80%), and mucositis with local infection (3/25, 12%), which were resolved with symptomatic treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PLDMI was an effective protocol for children with osteosarcoma and could effectively reduce the tumor burden in the primary site and augment surgical treatment, although with a high incidence of AEs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Myocarditis Among Patients Treated for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"Jian Xue,&nbsp;Chuanbin Liu,&nbsp;Jun Shao,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Yating Han,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Jinda Wang","doi":"10.1002/cai2.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in various tumors remains uncertain despite its use in forecasting the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The purpose of our research was to determine the prognostic significance of NLR for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled and monitored patients with NSCLC who received ICI therapy at the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 1, 2018, and February 20, 2021. NLR was determined before and soon after each cycle of ICIs. All participants in this study were periodically examined for troponin and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and an electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography were done. Cox's proportional hazards regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used to assess the predictive value for ICI-related myocarditis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 146 patients received ICI treatment and completed a follow-up. Of these, 17 patients (11.64%) developed ICI-related myocarditis that met the diagnostic criteria. The initial cycle revealed that the NLR was a reliable predictor of potential myocarditis related to ICIs, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.833 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.721–0.945. Following the initial round of ICI treatment, an NLR elevation (NLR ≥ 3.25) appeared to be the most significant standalone indicator of ICI-related myocarditis (HR: 11.094; 95% CI: 3.186–38.631; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study confirmed that NLR elevation in the early phase after ICI treatment of NSCLC is a reliable predictive factor of ICI-related myocarditis. Regular and frequent cardiac monitoring may help to avoid the occurrence of severe and fatal cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}