Shunhong Lv , Xinlong Yan , Zhong Yan , Pengfei Liu , Guojun Kang , Shijian Lu , Xiaoyan Hu , Mengqing Hu
{"title":"Mechanical compression-induced shaping of zinc triazolate oxalate CALF-20 for CO2 capture","authors":"Shunhong Lv , Xinlong Yan , Zhong Yan , Pengfei Liu , Guojun Kang , Shijian Lu , Xiaoyan Hu , Mengqing Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating intensification of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, coupled with their direct influence on climate change due to the greenhouse effect, epitomizes urgent environmental issues demanding immediate intervention. CALF-20, a Zn-triazolate-based Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), exhibits considerable potential in applications designed for CO<sub>2</sub> adsorptive capture. Within this study, CALF-20 powder was synthesized and shaped into pellets through a mechanical compression method, implemented both independently and in conjunction with a binder. The pellets were subsequently subjected to characterization via XRD, PXRD, SEM, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption, FTIR, and TGA analyses. The mechanical robustness and CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of various samples were evaluated. The CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption kinetics of selected CALF-20 pellets were scrutinized utilizing pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and Avrami's kinetic models. Concurrently, the rate-limiting step was determined through Boyd's film diffusion, interparticle diffusion, and intraparticle diffusion models. The results disclosed that mechanical compaction at 10 tons could amplify the mechanical strength of CALF-20–45.61 N. Additionally, the integration of 12.5 wt% Polysulfone (PSU) as a binder augmented the mechanical strength of CALF-20 pellets to 204.94 N. The introduction of PSU not only fortified the mechanical resilience of the pellets but also mitigated the deterioration of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity induced by compression. Following this, the performance of CALF-20 pellets under diverse CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations and adsorption temperatures was appraised, and their recyclability under N<sub>2</sub> or CO<sub>2</sub> regeneration atmospheres was probed. This study introduces a promising approach for the creation of stable and structured MOFs, specifically designed for CO<sub>2</sub> removal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 276-285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Loubière , E. Olmos , Y. Menard , A.G. Guezennec
{"title":"Dynamic heat balance modelling of industrial bioleaching plant: Influence of both environment and operating conditions and heat management improvement","authors":"C. Loubière , E. Olmos , Y. Menard , A.G. Guezennec","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A heat balance model was developed for bioleaching processes in stirred tank reactors, based on mechanistic and semi-empirical models to describe the contribution of each heat transfer phenomena. It was validated based on the cooling power required for two industrial case studies at typical bioleaching temperature of 40 °C and sulfide concentrations of 0.80 and 0.52 %. It was then tested on various scenarios. At high sulfide concentration, heat transfer from pulp addition and aeration was more significant than environmental transfers. This was validated using environmental ranges of values (temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, cloud cover) from either subarctic or equatorial climates. In the case of Finland, 12 % more power was predicted in summer than in winter. Regarding the number of primary tanks, one tank may be removed on the KCC-cascade system to save investments, by accepting a 4 % reduction in conversion rate. Finally, heat loss due to environmental conditions increased as the pyrite concentration decreased, passing from only 12 % with a concentration of 80 to 53 % with a concentration of 10 %. Control of the feeding pulp temperature could reduce the use of heat exchangers, and even eliminate them at low sulphide concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"222 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sintering of catalytic metal nanoparticles under exothermic conditions in a continuous stirred tank reactor","authors":"Vladimir P. Zhdanov","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Academic studies of sintering of supported metal nanoparticles usually imply that the system temperature is constant and the growth of the average nanoparticle radius and decrease of dispersion or activity can be described by the power-law equations. In catalytic applications, the sintering typically occurs in reactors under exothermic conditions at high temperatures, and the sintering-related loss of the catalyst activity may result in decrease of temperature, which in turn may reduce the rate of sintering. Focusing on catalytic conversion in a continuous stirred tank reactor, I show that in the presence of this negative feedback the power-law equations can be used as well by introducing the apparent exponent which is appreciably larger than that measured or predicted by the conventional models of sintering at constant temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 308-312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marjan Tanzifi , Manouchehr Mansouri , Hadis Saraee , Nasrin Rahmatian , Anis Anvari , Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
{"title":"Visible-light induced photo-degradation procedure of organic pollutants using a novel Z-scheme 0D/2D SnS2/MgO nano-heterojunction","authors":"Marjan Tanzifi , Manouchehr Mansouri , Hadis Saraee , Nasrin Rahmatian , Anis Anvari , Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Novel Z-scheme SnS<sub>2</sub>/MgO nano-heterojunction was successfully synthesized by loading SnS<sub>2</sub> quantum dots on the surface of MgO nanosheets using a hydrothermal procedure. The morphology, surface features, chemical structure, and optical properties of the photocatalysts were characterized using various analyses. The FTIR, XRD, and EDS results confirmed the successful synthesis of the samples. The morphology of the MgO nanosheets was characterized using TEM, while photoluminescence results suggested a quantum dot structure for the SnS<sub>2</sub>. DRS analysis revealed that the synthesized nano-heterojunctions exhibited an increased absorption intensity and a red-shift in the absorption edge within the visible-light region compared to SnS<sub>2</sub>, suggesting the synergistic effects of SnS<sub>2</sub> and MgO. PL analysis indicated that all the nano-heterojunctions exhibited weaker photoluminescence than SnS<sub>2</sub>, which suggests a delayed charge-carrier recombination and the enhanced photocatalytic performance. These findings were further corroborated by the results of PR and EIS. The photocatalytic performance of as-prepared photocatalysts was compared based on MB dye degradation. The results demonstrated that the optimized nano-heterojunction could completely remove MB within 120 min. Moreover, the effect of optimized nano-heterojunction dose and MB concentration on the photo-degradation rate was examined. The optimized nano-heterojunction exhibited good stability in five consecutive cycles of MB degradation. The trapping experiment of active species and DRS analysis revealed a Z-scheme pattern for charge-carrier transport between the two semiconductors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 313-325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Yu , Jian Zhang , Bai-qi Liu , Shen-bin Luo , Ji-yun Du , Wei Yu , Xin-jun Yang , Dong-xiang Wang , Fang-yang Yuan
{"title":"Atomization characteristics of centrifugal nozzle for steam desuperheating valve","authors":"Tao Yu , Jian Zhang , Bai-qi Liu , Shen-bin Luo , Ji-yun Du , Wei Yu , Xin-jun Yang , Dong-xiang Wang , Fang-yang Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The atomization characteristics of the centrifugal nozzle were studied numerically and experimentally. A multi-scale coupling model was established based on ANSYS Fluent. The effects of structural parameters and operating conditions on spray cone angle and droplet size distribution were analyzed. The experimental photography of nozzle atomization with a high-speed camera verified the reliability of the numerical model. Results indicate that the spray cone angle is positively correlated with inlet pressure and swirl chamber angle, but negatively correlated with swirl hole angle, nozzle stem angle, and air velocity. The nozzle stem angle exhibits the most significant influence on the spray cone angle, while the swirl chamber angle has the least effect. Higher inlet pressure enhances liquid film instability and reduces droplet size. A swirl hole angle of 90° disrupts the swirling flow and causes a sharp increase in SMD. A smaller nozzle stem angle (30°) improves droplet size uniformity. High-speed airflow (> 60 m/s) increases droplet coverage and suppresses accumulation at the axial rear. In the spray near-field, a smaller spray cone angle increases gas–liquid shear stress and reduces SMD. In the far-field, a smaller spray cone angle increases SMD due to higher droplet number density, which elevates the probability of droplet collision and coalescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 225-239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of the number of polymer arms on the pulping performance of coal water slurry","authors":"Taotao Sun , Hongfeng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to evaluate the effect of polymer arm numbers on the pulping performance (dispersion and stability) of coal water slurry (CWS), this account synthesized four types of homopolymers (two-, three-, six- and eight-arm) by single electron transfer living radical polymerization (SET-LRP). Herein, the polymerization conversion rates and morphology of homopolymers were studied by UV–visible spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the conversion rate of the six-arm homopolymer was the highest, and the polymer arm numbers had a significant effect on its morphology. Subsequently, the effect of the number of polymer arms on the pulping performance was systematically studied. The measurements found when mixed with a six-arm homopolymer, the penetration ratio of Yulin CWS remained at 100 % after 30 days, and the viscosity dropped to 795 mPa·s. Similarly, the penetration ratio of Liuhuanggou CWS also maintained 100 %, and the viscosity dropped to 578 mPa·s. Finally, adsorption experiments and theoretical study revealed an increase in steric hindrance (V<sub>S</sub>) would inhibit the approach between particles and disrupt the flocculation state of slurry, thereby effectively enhancing the dispersity and the stability. As a promising dispersant, the six-arm dispersant could be employed in pipeline transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 187-199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanru Jin , Ting Jiang , Chao Hu , Yue Lan , Xiaokang Gong , Lin Yang
{"title":"Closed-loop purification process for wet-process phosphoric acid raffinate: Separation of P2O5 and recovery of metal ions via solvent extraction","authors":"Yanru Jin , Ting Jiang , Chao Hu , Yue Lan , Xiaokang Gong , Lin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recovery of critical metals from raffinate acid is crucial to address resource demands and enhance the value of raffinate acid. In this study, 90.41 %, 69.47 %, 48.86 % and 56.56 % of iron, aluminum, magnesium and calcium were coextracted from raffinate acid, with a P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> recovery efficiency of 95 %. Fe, Al, Mg, and Ca were stripped in a single step using ammonium oxalate. Under optimal condition, metal ions in the organic phase were completely extracted via two-stage countercurrent stripping. The stripping process yielded calcium oxalate, while ammonium oxalate stripping solution was used to synthesize hydrotalcite and Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub>, enabling synergistic resource utilization. The coordination chemistry of iron, aluminum, and magnesium in ammonium oxalate stripping solutions was systematically investigated. Through integrated analysis employing Visual MINTEQ software,in-situ infrared spectrometer and Raman process analyzer, these metallic species were conclusively identified as existing exclusively in the forms of Fe(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub><sup>3-</sup>, Al(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub><sup>3-</sup>, Mg(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub><sup>2-</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 354-367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation on the performance of plasma microreactor with cavitation channel for the oxidation degradation of methylene blue","authors":"Ruiqi Gao , Jianfeng Yu , Jiejun Zhao , Huiyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ozonation degradation has attracted extensive attention due to its effectiveness in oxidizing organic pollutants. As a typical ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) generator, the plasma microreactor generates active oxygen species by ionizing gas-liquid streams in microchannels. However, insufficient mixing occurs between reactive oxygen species in the gas phase and the liquid phase due to the uniform width of the flow channel. Thus, a newly plasma microreactor with a cavitation channel was conceived to induce cavitation effects and increase the O<sub>3</sub>-liquid mass transfer intensity. The influence of three channel geometries on cavitation performance was clarified by fluid dynamic simulations. The hyperbolic channel showed higher cavitation intensity than the cylindrical and conical channels. By examining the effects of initial concentration, initial pH, inlet flow rate, and input voltage on the ozonation degradation of methylene blue, the optimal operating conditions were identified. Under optimal conditions, the plasma microreactor with a hyperbolic channel achieved a significant degradation rate of 95.7 % within 10 min. This work presents a new type of microreactor for the efficient degradation of dye pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Dokmak , T. Deleau , A. Maudhuit , P. Arlabosse , M.I. Ré
{"title":"Unraveling droplet drying kinetics under electric fields: A study on moisture content and evaporative flux profiles","authors":"A. Dokmak , T. Deleau , A. Maudhuit , P. Arlabosse , M.I. Ré","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of electric fields (EF) on the drying kinetics and evaporative flux of CuSO<sub>4</sub>.5H<sub>2</sub>O aqueous droplets at different solid contents. The drying behavior of pendant droplets was examined under both convective and diffusive conditions with varying EF intensities. The results indicate that the EF increases the surface area of the pendant droplet during both drying scenarios. In diffusive drying, the drying kinetic is different with and without EF. Indeed, the EF reduces moisture removal and evaporative flux in the early stages for highly concentrated droplets having high response to the electric field. However, as the droplet dries, the moisture removal rate and evaporative flux increase and converges to constant values, a trend observed under no-field conditions. In convective drying, the application of an electric field maintained a constant moisture removal rate until the droplet had lost 30 % of its water content, while in the no-field conditions this rate decreased up to 25 % as the drying progresses until the same water loss. Furthermore, when the electric field is applied, the evaporative flux increases with the drying time to reach constant values with the drying time. As a conclusion, this work uniquely combines pendant droplet drying under controlled dying conditions and high electric fields with a real time mass measurement and image-based surface area and deformation tracking, providing experimental access to electrohydrodynamic evaporation fluxes not previously reported in literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methodologies for inclusion of fluid stress, added mass, and Basset history forces when modeling particle motion in a high-pressure gas jet","authors":"Donald E. Peterson, Bradley R. Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.07.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methodologies for modeling forces controlling the motion of a particle in a high-pressure, time-invariant, one-dimensional turbulent jet, such as occurs in pressurized oxy-coal combustion, are examined in this work. Pressurized jet properties suggest key forces to be considered in addition to the usual drag and body forces are fluid stress force, added mass force, and Basset history force. The Basset history force, an unsteady force that is coupled to particle acceleration, is the most challenging to model. The Basset history kernel of Kim et al. is recommended for use with the specified particle and jet conditions. Equations describing these forces and specific numerical methodologies for their solution are identified and validated. The particle equation of motion is solved numerically using an Adams-Bashforth-Moulton predictor-corrector method with an explicit Adams-Bashforth step followed by one or more implicit Adams-Moulton step(s). The values of the dependent variable and its derivative at previous steps are obtained using a 4th order Runge-Kutta method. Simulated particle motion for four test conditions are shown to align well with experimental results for both a stagnant and non-stagnant fluid. The equations and numerical methods identified and validated here can be used to reliably assess the relative contributions of different particle forces acting on a particle in a dilute phase pressurized turbulent jet in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"221 ","pages":"Pages 11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}