Biogeotechnics最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the performance and durability of concrete paving blocks enhanced by bio-cement posttreatment","authors":"Navaratnam Rathivarman ,&nbsp;Sivakumar Yutharshan ,&nbsp;Alakenthiran Kabishangar ,&nbsp;Vignarajah Janani ,&nbsp;Sivakumar Gowthaman ,&nbsp;Thiloththama Hiranya Kumari Nawarathna ,&nbsp;Meiqi Chen ,&nbsp;Satoru Kawasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete pavement often experiences accelerated deterioration due to water and chemical ingress through micro-cracks and surface voids. Particularly, the ingress of aggressive agents into the concrete matrix results in irreversible changes and deterioration on its endurance. Numerous studies unveiled that hydrophobic surface protection could be an inexpensive and effective way of enhancing the durability of concrete. This research work aims to assess the feasibility of bio-cement posttreatment for facilitating hydrophobic surface protection, thus enhancing the performance and durability of concrete blocks. Enzyme induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is one of the promising bio-cement methods. Concrete blocks casted in four different grades were subjected to EICP treatment with different treatment schemes and recipes of cementation media. The treated blocks were tested for water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) measurements, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), thermal performance, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the concrete blocks subjected to EICP posttreatment showed over a 55% reduction in water absorption, a 15% higher UCS and a 6.7% higher UPV when compared with control blocks. The SEM analysis suggested that the EICP posttreatment could enhance the durability of concrete paving blocks by enabling a layer of calcite on the surface and by plugging the transport pore channels of the concrete. Although most of the posttreatment strategies investigated herein were found to be operative, a better response was seen in the posttreatment by spraying scheme with 0.5 mol/L cementation media (CM). With the successful demonstration, the EICP treatment prior to the use of concrete blocks can be recommended to the pavement construction industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uniformity of microbial injection for reinforcing saturated calcareous sand: A multi-test approach","authors":"Xinlei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Sun ,&nbsp;Yumin Chen ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Wenwen Li ,&nbsp;Yi Han","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mineralization process of microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is influenced by many factors, and the uniformity of the calcium carbonate precipitation has become the main focus and challenge for MICP technology. In this study, the uniformity of the saturated calcareous sand treated with MICP was investigated through one-dimensional calcareous sand column tests and model tests. The coefficient of variation was employed in one-dimensional sand column tests to investigate the impact of injection rate, cementation solution concentration, and number of injection cycles on the uniformity of the MICP treatment. Additionally, model tests were conducted to investigate the impact of injection pressure and methods on the treatment range and uniformity under three-dimensional seepage conditions. Test results demonstrate that the reinforcement strength and uniformity are significantly influenced by the injection rate of the cementation solution, with a rate of 3 mL/min, yielding a favorable treatment effect. Excessive concentration of the cementation solution can lead to significant non-uniformity and a reduction in the compressive strength of MICP-treated samples. Conversely, excessively low concentrations may result in decreased bonding efficiency. Among the four considered concentrations, 0.5 mol/L and 1 mol/L exhibit superior reinforcing effects. The morphological development of calcareous sandy foundation reinforcement is associated with the spatial distribution pattern of the bacterial solution, exhibiting a relatively larger reinforcement area in proximity to the lower region of the model and a gradually decreasing range towards the upper part. Under three-dimensional seepage conditions, in addition to the non-uniform radial cementation along the injection pipe, there is also vertical heterogeneity of cementation along the length of the injection pipe due to gravitational effects, resulting in preferential deposition of calcium carbonate at the lower section. The application of injection pressure and a double-pipe circulation injection method can mitigate the accumulation of bacterial solution and cementation solution at the bottom, thereby improving the reinforcement range and uniformity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141135975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture sealing based on microbially induced carbonate precipitation and its engineering applications: A review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this review, the development and application of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology for the sealing of underground engineering fractures are discussed in detail. The importance of sealing micro-fractures in an environmentally friendly and efficient manner is emphasized, and the potential of the MICP method in controlling pore and fracture seepage is highlighted. The fundamental mechanisms, key influencing factors, numerical models, and applications of the MICP in the fields of geological CO₂ storage and oil resources development are comprehensively summarized in the paper. At the same time, the limitations of the existing research and the future research directions are discussed, especially in terms of improving the processing efficiency, environmental impacts, and cost considerations. Overall, the development of MICP technology provides a new environmentally friendly reinforcement method for geotechnical engineering and is expected to play a key role in the future development of underground space engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000329/pdfft?md5=fb7c4687d49975432330b89a49c48ed0&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000329-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141048448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endeavours to achieve sustainable marine infrastructures: A new “window” for the application of biomineralization in marine engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000305/pdfft?md5=4bbb05498059b6aa66e5c0150ad78c94&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000305-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141027392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microbially induced calcite precipitation on static liquefaction behavior of a gold tailings sand","authors":"Hamed Behzadipour ,&nbsp;Abouzar Sadrekarimi","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Loose tailings are susceptible to static liquefaction during which they lose a substantial amount of their strength. This study examines a sustainable technique known as Microbially-Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) to improve the static liquefaction resistance of gold mine silty sand tailings. These materials were enriched with <em>Sporosarcina pasteurii,</em> consolidated in a direct simple shearing apparatus, and subjected to several injections of a cementation solution. Calcified tailings were then sheared under constant-volume and constant vertical stress conditions to evaluate their undrained and drained shearing behaviors. Results showed that bio-mineralization can prevent the occurrence of static liquefaction in tailings by reducing their contraction tendency. This is demonstrated by the strong strain-hardening behaviors of the treated tailings specimens compared to the strain-softening and undrained strength loss in specimens of the untreated tailings. Substantial increases in the tailings undrained and drained shear strengths (by up to 30 - 50 kPa), improvements (by up to 5 MPa) in their tangent moduli, and more than 5° rise in their friction angles are observed in the direct simple shear tests following MICP-treatment. The critical state line of tailings is also found to be steeper and shifted to denser void ratios following MICP treatment. These changes reduce liquefaction susceptibility of tailings and enhance their resistance against static liquefaction. Post-treatment acid dissolution further indicates that CaCO₃ contents of about 4% to 11% precipitated in the treated specimens. This amount decreases with increasing specimens void ratio. Changes in the microstructural fabric of the cemented tailings particles are also characterized using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000299/pdfft?md5=b12fd276d5d75183ab9e5fc32042ba71&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000299-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does biochar mitigate rainfall-induced soil erosion? A review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yu Lu ,&nbsp;Kai Gu ,&nbsp;Bin Shi ,&nbsp;Qiyou Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biochar has emerged as a promising soil amendment for improving soil structure. Yet, its impact on rainfall-induced soil erosion varies across individual studies. To address this gap, we conducted a statistical meta-analysis of 174 paired comparisons from 45 published studies to integratedly evaluate the impacts of biochar on rainfall-induced soil erosion through biochar and soil properties, as well as experimental conditions. Overall, biochar significantly reduced soil erosion by 27.86%. The response ratio (ln<em>RR</em>) of biochar-induced soil erosion exhibited significant variability across different subgroups. Concerning biochar properties, a more favorable influence was observed in other sources biochar (e.g., manure and sewage sludge biochar) compared to wood based and crop waste biochar, and those produced at lower pyrolysis temperatures (&lt; 500 °C). Increasing biochar dosage was not consistently effective. The optimal range was 0.8%–2%, resulting in a 36.07% reduction in soil erosion. Regarding the soil properties, a higher sand/clay ratio of soil significantly enhanced the performance of biochar (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Specifically, an insignificant effect was observed in fine-grained soils, whereas the highest reduction of 52.97% was noted in coarse-grained soils. Moreover, long-term field experiments induced greater reductions in soil erosion with biochar (35.30%) compared to short-term laboratory studies (29.62% and 12.59%). This meta-analysis demonstrates that biochar, as a potential soil amendment, could effectively mitigate rainfall-induced soil erosion by considering a combination of soil properties along with specific biochar properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000287/pdfft?md5=5ca2da807b734fb669e50146e64133d7&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000287-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saturated permeability and water retention capacity in biochar-methanotrophs-clay for new landfill cover system","authors":"Wenjing Sun ,&nbsp;Gaoge Sun ,&nbsp;Shuyun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new landfill cover system, biochar-methanotrophs-clay (BMC) cover is recommended for reducing methane emissions at landfills. It also contributes to decreasing soil permeability and improving soil water retention in a long time, due to highly porous structure of biochar and the growth metabolism of methanotrophs. To determine the effects of biochar content, oxidation aging times and methane-filled days on hydraulic properties, a total of 60 groups of experiments were conducted. The saturated hydraulic conductivity (<em>k</em>_sat) was obtained by flexible wall permeameter with controllable hydraulic head pressure. The results showed that the <em>k</em>_sat of BMC increased with increasing biochar content and oxidation aging times, while decreased with adding methane-filled days. The soil-water characteristic curves (SWCCs) were obtained with soil suction measured by the filter paper method. The results indicated the water retention capacity of MBC reduced with increasing oxidation aging times but increased with adding methane-filled days. Detected by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the differences displayed the changes of pore structures and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The oxidation aging of biochar increased the volume of pores, resulting in the increased <em>k</em>_sat and the decreased water retention capacity. However, the growing of methanotrophs decreased the volume of pores, resulting in the <em>k</em>_sat decreased and the water retention capacity increased due to EPS. No matter how many times the oxidation aging process was experienced, the BMC with longer methane-filled days exhibited relatively lower <em>k</em>_sat and better water retention capacity. This implied a more stable barrier capacity to reduce water infiltration in the long term. By combing a series of macro and micro experiments, this paper provides theoretical guidance for the application of biochar-methanotroph-clay mixture to landfill covers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000214/pdfft?md5=2f73815f947a0d88e9e3cbb38f47f97d&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000214-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140764377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on reinforcement of bionic grouser of deep-sea mining vehicle","authors":"Jiancheng Liu ,&nbsp;Xuelin Liu ,&nbsp;Xiuzhan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuguang Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Lubao Luan ,&nbsp;Cong Ding ,&nbsp;Xingzheng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To fulfill the operational demands of deep-sea tracked mining vehicles traversing soft seabed substrates, an evaluation of the characteristics of these substrates was conducted, drawing a comparison with the land swamp black soil found in the buffalo's habitat. Employing the principles of biomimicry, two distinct types of bionic grouser were devised, replicating the configuration of the buffalo's hooves in both the horizontal and vertical planes. Utilizing self-constructed testing platforms, exhaustive examinations of the reinforcement efficacy of these bionic track grousers were undertaken, spanning from single-grouser to multi-grouser configurations and encompassing the entire track assembly. The findings unequivocally demonstrate a pronounced and consistent enhancement in traction force for both types of bionic grousers. Notably, the W-shaped bionic grouser, mimicking the horizontal contour of the buffalo's hoof, exhibits the most substantial increase in traction force. The maximum enhancement in traction force for individual bionic grouser exceeds 30%, while the overall track achieves an increase of over 19%. This research provides a valuable reference and establishes a foundational framework for the design of equipment tailored for the locomotion of deep-sea tracked mining vehicles across soft substrates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000202/pdfft?md5=9cf9904b487de0b1fcea44eb1bcff107&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000202-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140767337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the effectiveness of biocementation of soil","authors":"Hanjiang Lai ,&nbsp;Xingzhi Ding ,&nbsp;Mingjuan Cui ,&nbsp;Junjie Zheng ,&nbsp;Jian Chu ,&nbsp;Zhibo Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbially or enzyme induced carbonate precipitation has emerged to be a new type of soil improvement method. However, it appears that the biocementation process is affected by many factors and a common understanding on the control factors on the biocement effect has not been reached. This paper attempts to identify the main factors that controlling the MICP or EICP effect through an in-depth discussion on the fundamentals of biocementation process. Similar to other cemented granular materials, biocemented soil is a structural soil composite consisting of soil skeleton and biocement force chain or biocement network. The strength and stiffness of the biocemented soil is controlled by the reinforcement effect of the biocement network on the soil skeleton or the interplay of the soil skeleton and precipitates. The contribution of the strength by soil skeleton is affected by the soil types and soil properties, while the contribution of the precipitates is through the distribution of the biocement network and the properties of the precipitates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000196/pdfft?md5=1b9e057454efd4fd26fffaf6b4465b34&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on self-burrowing dual anchor soft probe","authors":"Jia He,&nbsp;Hao Wang,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Fengyuan Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2024.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on the development and testing of a bio-inspired self-burrowing dual anchor soft probe for potential geotechnical applications. Dual anchor refers to the form of movement in soils in which some bivalve molluscs adopted by alternately generating anchoring effects in the soil through shell expansion and fluid-filled feet. By mimicking this mechanism, this study used pneumatic artificial muscles as soft actuators and developed an autonomous burrowing probe. The structure and the performance of the actuators and the probe were investigated and optimized. The burrowing-out process of the dual anchor probe was not a simple upward movement. Instead, it rose in the inflation phase and slipped downward in the deflation phase. The difference between the two was a stride in one single step. In the sands with relative densities of 30%, 50%, and 80%, the total slips accounted for 18.8%, 19.6%, and 26.9% of the total upward movements, respectively. Thus, the entire movement process showed a reciprocating upward trend. The burrowing process could be divided into a restricted stage and a free stage according to whether shear failure occurs in the overlying soil layer. When the soil density was high, the initial stage of burrowing was in a restricted stage. The amount of rise and slip were at a low level and increased slowly as the number of cycles increased. When the burrowing process was in the free stage, the increase was basically stable at a high value and accompanied by small slips.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949929124000184/pdfft?md5=21fe0ae22ebb862c5d6244e52fb53912&pid=1-s2.0-S2949929124000184-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140797289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}