BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100021
Surabhi Jain, Sarat Kumar Das
{"title":"Influence of size and concentration of carbonate biomineral on biocementation and bioclogging for mitigating soil degradation","authors":"Surabhi Jain, Sarat Kumar Das","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a promising technique to enhance the geotechnical properties of geomaterial either by strengthening via biocementation or reducing the hydraulic conductivity via bioclogging. This rate of modification mainly depends on the amount, and nature of biomineral precipitated and it is influenced by various environmental, chemical, and microbial factors. Given this, the present study aims to investigate the effect of biochemical conditions such as concentration of biomass and chemical reagents on the amount and nature of biomineral and its impact on the strength and permeability of biomodified sand. For this, the two microbes i.e., <em>Sporosarcina pasteurii</em> and isolated <em>Proteus</em> species at three different initial concentrations and chemical reagents by varying 0.1–1 molar of urea and calcium were considered. The amount and microstructural behavior of biomineral in different biochemical conditions concluded that the governing mechanism differs for both biocementation and bioclogging under identical MICP treatment. The strength enhancement or biocementation is dependent on the size of the biomineral precipitated whereas the reduction in permeability or bioclogging is mainly dominated by the amount of biomineral. The optimum value of biochemical conditions i.e., 10<sup>8</sup> cells/ml of biomass and 0.25 M concentration of cementation reagents was chosen to further evaluate the effect of equal MICP treatment on the biocementation and bioclogging of sands having different grain sizes. The study infers that not the absolute size of the biomineral but the relative size of soil grain and biomineral influence the linkage between the soil particles and hence affect the strength of biomodified soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49731832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100022
Jia He, Yang Liu, Lingxiao Liu, Boyang Yan, Liangliang Li, Hao Meng, Lei Hang, Yongshuai Qi, Min Wu, Yufeng Gao
{"title":"Recent development on optimization of bio-cementation for soil stabilization and wind erosion control","authors":"Jia He, Yang Liu, Lingxiao Liu, Boyang Yan, Liangliang Li, Hao Meng, Lei Hang, Yongshuai Qi, Min Wu, Yufeng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper reviews and analyzes recent research development on bio-cementation for soil stabilization and wind erosion control. Bio-cement is a type of cementitious materials by adopting natural biological processes for geotechnical and construction applications. Bio-cementation is usually achieved through microbially- or enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP or EICP). The use of soybean urease can be a cost-effective solution for carbonate precipitation and bio-cementation, which is named SICP. The produced calcium carbonate can cement soil particles and bring considerable strength improvement to soils. In this paper, the mechanisms and recent development on the technology optimization are reviewed first. The optimization of bio-cementation involves 1) altering the treatment materials and procedures such as using lysed cells, low pH, the salting-out technique; and 2) using cheap and waste materials for bio-cement treatment and bacterial cultivation. The objectives are to improve treatment uniformity and efficiency, use bio-cement in more scenarios such as fine-grain soils, and reduce costs and environmental impacts, etc. Studies on the mechanical behaviour and wind erosion performances of bio-cemented soil show that the wind erosion resistance can be improved significantly through the bio-cement treatment. In addition, the use of optimized method and additives such as xanthan gum and fibers can further enhance the strength, treatment uniformity or ductility of the bio-cemented soils. Attention should be paid to wind forces with saltating particles which have much stronger destructive effect than pure wind, which should be considered in laboratory tests. Field studies indicate that bio-cement can improve soil surface strength and wind erosion resistances effectively. Besides, local plants can germinate and grow on bio-cemented soil ground with low-concentration treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100003
Yu Zhang , Xinlei Hu , Yijie Wang , Ningjun Jiang
{"title":"A critical review of biomineralization in environmental geotechnics: Applications, trends, and perspectives","authors":"Yu Zhang , Xinlei Hu , Yijie Wang , Ningjun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this review paper, the applications of biomineralization in environmental geotechnics are analyzed. Three environmental geotechnics scenarios, namely heavy metal contamination immobilization and removal, waste and CO<sub>2</sub> containment, and recycled use of industrial byproducts, are discussed and evaluated regarding current trends and prospects. The biomineralization process, specifically the Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) technology, is an effective solution for immobilizing heavy metals through co-precipitation with calcium carbonate, with successful results in cleaning up contaminated soils. The nature of biomineralization enhances earth material strength and decreases permeability, making it suitable for waste and CO<sub>2</sub> containment. Additionally, using industrial byproducts in MICP technology can improve the physical, mechanical, and hydraulic properties of earth materials, making it a potential solution for efficient waste utilization. In conclusion, the applications of biomineralization in environmental geotechnics hold great promise for solving various environmental problems. However, further research is needed to better understand the control and consistency of biomineralization processes, the durability of biominerals, the scale of applications, and environmental concerns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49710045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inorganic ionic polymerization: A bioinspired strategy for material preparation","authors":"Jian Zhang, Weifeng Fang, Zhaoming Liu, Ruikang Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bioinspired materials with excellent properties have attracted intense interests of scientists, and the methodology for rationally design of these materials is crucially important. This review briefly introduces our recent achievements on inorganic ionic polymerization for bioinspired material preparation. The inorganic ionic polymerization realized the assembly of inorganic ions in a way similar to the polymerization in polymer chemistry, overcoming the limitation by classical nucleation pathway. It enabled the moldable construction of inorganic minerals and even the reconstruction of enamel tissue, which commonly only achieved by biomineralization. In the presence of organic molecules, the inorganic ionic polymerization could participate in the organic polymerization, resulting in hybrids with molecular-scaled organic-inorganic homogeneity. And furthermore, under the regulation of bio-inspired molecules, the condensed state of the assembled inorganic ions could show unusual behaviors: such as adding the flexibility to commonly fractal inorganic minerals, and flowability to solid mineral particles. It enabled the production of flexible mineral materials as plastic substitute, and the extrusion forming of moldable minerals under room temperature. The inorganic ionic polymerization demonstrated a promising way to synthesize inorganics in a more rational way, which may shed light on more advanced bio-inspired and biomimetic material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100009
Yumeng Zhao, Sheng Dai
{"title":"Challenges of rock drilling and opportunities from bio-boring","authors":"Yumeng Zhao, Sheng Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drilling plays a significant role in the history of human civilization. The exploration of greater depths, extreme environments, or hazardous areas calls for more energy-efficient and high levels of autonomous drilling technologies with reduced cost and improved safety. Meanwhile, nature presents numerous biological boring examples that can be a source of inspiration to renovate our current drilling technologies. This paper reviews both man-made and biological drilling strategies and quantifies their performance by the dimensionless specific drilling energy and the rate of penetration. The results highlight that rotary drilling (including tunnel boring machines) remains the most popular method for subsurface drilling due to its advanced technical status and fewer environmental concerns. For harder rocks, the specific energy of rotary drilling increases dramatically, while percussion drilling requires nearly the same if not lower specific energy but with compromised bit durability that can significantly slow down the drilling operation. Innovative drilling technologies developed and tested in the laboratory still demand improved energy efficiency and penetration rate to be competitive. Bio-boring by natural organisms mostly outperforms man-made drilling technologies in terms of energy efficiency, penetration rate, or both. Studying the underlying mechanisms of bio-boring and translating such knowledge into developing innovative drilling technologies are of significance to subsurface construction and exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applications of microbial-induced carbonate precipitation: A state-of-the-art review","authors":"Yuze Wang , Charalampos Konstantinou , Sikai Tang , Hongyu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbial-Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) is a naturally occurring process whereby bacteria produce enzymes that accelerate the precipitation of calcium carbonate. This process is facilitated through various bacterial activities, including ureolysis, sulfate reduction, iron reduction, and denitrification. The application of MICP has been widespread in a range of engineering fields, such as geotechnical, concrete, environmental, and oil and gas engineering for soil stabilization, concrete remediation, heavy metal solidification, and permeability control. Numerous review papers have been published that summarize the mechanisms and properties associated with different MICP applications. The purpose of this review paper is to provide a comprehensive summary of the various engineering applications of MICP, along with the mechanisms, materials, and engineering properties associated with each application. By comparing the similarities and differences in MICP research progress across different engineering fields, this review aims to increase understanding of MICP, stimulate new research ideas, and accelerate the development of MICP techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100005
Kangda Wang , Shifan Wu , Jian Chu
{"title":"Mitigation of soil liquefaction using microbial technology: An overview","authors":"Kangda Wang , Shifan Wu , Jian Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil liquefaction is a major geo-hazard. As liquefaction could occur anywhere in a sand layer and result in large-scale lateral spreading, treatment for liquefaction needs to be carried out over a large extent. The cost-effectiveness of the treatment then becomes a major consideration. With the development of microbial geotechnologies, some new approaches for liquefaction mitigation have been developed. Some of the methods offer more advantages over the existing methods. This paper gives an overview of the recent progress in bio related soil liquefaction mitigation methods. These include both bio-cementation and biogas desaturation. The mechanisms of bio-cementation and biogas desaturation are discussed. Recent up-scaled model tests and field trials are also reviewed. The studies so far have demonstrated that there is a great potential for some of liquefaction mitigation methods to be adopted in practice, although there are still challenges that need to be studied further. These include treatment efficiency, long-term sustainability, and biosafety. A brief introduction to some emerging technologies for liquefaction mitigation such as bio-gelation and use of fungi are also introduced.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100007
Jianwei Zhang , Yue Yin , Wanpeng Shi , Hanliang Bian , Lei Shi , Luyuan Wu , Zhiguang Han , Junjie Zheng , Xiang He
{"title":"Strength and uniformity of EICP-treated sand under multi-factor coupling effects","authors":"Jianwei Zhang , Yue Yin , Wanpeng Shi , Hanliang Bian , Lei Shi , Luyuan Wu , Zhiguang Han , Junjie Zheng , Xiang He","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is an environment-friendly method for improving soil mechanical properties. The extraction and application of plant crude urease reduces the treatment cost. However, in terms of the efficiency of calcium carbonate production and cementation, crude urease is considered inferior to pure urease or urease bacteria. In this paper, urease extracted from soybean was used to explore the effects of urease activity, treatment method, number of treatments (NTs), injection rate, and curing time on the unconfined compressive strength and calcium carbonate distribution characteristics of EICP-treated sand. The results showed that, compared with the pre-mixing method and the two-phase method, the one-phase method produced higher strength and a more uniform distribution of calcium carbonate. The cementation efficiency decreased with the increase of urease activity. The high-rate injection can improve the treatment effect of high-activity urease. Under the same cementation level, high strength and calcium carbonate cementation efficiency can be achieved by one-phase-low-activity EICP treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Data Availability Statement</h3><p>All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the submitted article.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100001
Hanlong Liu, Jian Chu, Edward Kavazanjian
{"title":"Biogeotechnics: A new frontier in geotechnical engineering for sustainability","authors":"Hanlong Liu, Jian Chu, Edward Kavazanjian","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49710040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiogeotechnicsPub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100002
Tianzheng Fu , Alexandra Clarà Saracho , Stuart Kenneth Haigh
{"title":"Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) for soil strengthening: A comprehensive review","authors":"Tianzheng Fu , Alexandra Clarà Saracho , Stuart Kenneth Haigh","doi":"10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bgtech.2023.100002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Geotechnical research has been yearning for revolutionary innovations that could bring breakthroughs to conventional practices, especially at a time when energy efficiency and environmental sustainability are of unprecedented importance in the field. Recently, exciting opportunities emerged utilising microorganisms, the ubiquitous soil dwellers, to provide solutions to many geotechnical problems, prompting the development of the new, multidisciplinary subject of biogeotechnics. Research interest has been centred on the use of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) to improve the engineering properties of soils. The present work aims to comprehensively review the progress of more than a decade of research on the application of MICP in soil strengthening. Through elucidation of underlying mechanisms, compilation and interpretation of experimental findings, and in-depth discussion on pivotal aspects, with reference made to key published studies, a holistic picture of the state of the art of MICP-based soil strengthening is drawn. Current knowledge gaps are identified, and suggestions for future research are given, along with the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead of practically implementing this technique in real-world geotechnical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100175,"journal":{"name":"Biogeotechnics","volume":"1 1","pages":"Article 100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}