Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review最新文献

{"title":"The heritages of forced opening: The treaty-port history and institutions in modern China","authors":"Yuan Liu,&nbsp;Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12277","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Treaty ports attracted most of colonial China's foreign enterprise and introduced western institutions that would shape property rights and the judicial system. Political change and economic reconstruction after 1949 depressed this tradition, but its effects lingered and became more active after reform and opening. Using cross-sectional data for cities combining the treaty-port history and the investment climate, we document the impact of this heritage on the institutional quality and economic development of modern China.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"William Angus Sinclair (1929–2023)","authors":"Lionel Frost,&nbsp;Andrew Seltzer","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12274","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12274","url":null,"abstract":"<p>William Angus (Gus) Sinclair, former president of the Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand (EHSANZ) and editor of <i>Australian Economic History Review</i>, has passed away, aged 94. Gus was among the last surviving scholars from the group who, alongside Noel Butlin, transformed the discipline in the 1960s and 1970s.</p><p>Born in Edinburgh in 1929, Gus was an infant when his parents migrated to Australia. He completed his master's thesis ‘Economic Recovery in Victoria 1884-1899’ in 1956 at the University of Melbourne under the supervision of John La Nauze (Sinclair, <span>1956</span>) and his doctoral thesis ‘The British Economy and the Trade Cycle 1886-1896’ in 1958 at Oxford University under the supervision of John Habukkuk. After completing his doctoral training, Gus returned to Australia and took positions successively at Melbourne, Monash and La Trobe. In 1973, he received a chair in economic history at Flinders University.</p><p>Gus was an important contributor to what Claire E.F. Wright has referred to as ‘the big bang’ in Australian economic history—the Noel Butlin-led transformation of the discipline. He was an active member of the group that constructed the widely used data set on capital formation and developed an empirical approach to understanding the sources of capital investment and its role in shaping Australian economic development in the second half of the nineteenth century (Butlin, <span>1962</span>). Alongside Butlin, Gus actively engaged with persuading corporate leaders to allow scholars to have access to their records. The long tradition of Australian business history owes much to these efforts.</p><p>Gus's research was seminal to the understanding of Australian development. Alongside Butlin, he produced a still widely used GDP series covering 1788–1860 (Butlin &amp; Sinclair, <span>1986</span>). He contributed ‘Capital formation’ for Colin Forster's edited volume, <i>Australian Economic Development in the Twentieth Century</i>, extending Butlin's criticism of investment criteria beyond housing and railway construction (Sinclair, <span>1970</span>). Gus's work tested and extended many of the Butlin's conclusions about the nature of Australian economic development. Following Butlin's (<span>1964</span>) challenge to provide a ‘general process of growth’, Gus developed a simple model of unevenly evolving economic development in <i>The Process of Economic Development in Australia</i> (Sinclair, <span>1976</span>). Following initial European settlement, the Australia colonies had a relative abundance of land, but faced other factor shortages. Large-scale projects in the primary sector were inhibited by the lack of capital for fixed investment and by high internal transport costs. From the 1820s, capital inflows from the UK corrected this large initial disequilibrium and promoted technological change in the wool industry and the construction of railways. Although critical of many aspects of this approach, B","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aehr.12274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135645707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patents, foreign direct investment and economic growth in Australia, 1860–2010","authors":"Grant Fleming,&nbsp;Zhangxin (Frank) Liu,&nbsp;David Merrett,&nbsp;Simon Ville","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12275","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12275","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We examine the long run relationship between innovation and economic development in Australia, using 150 years of data on patenting activity, and aggregate and sectoral economic indicators. Our initial results point to several important causal relationships, particularly the effects of patents on real GDP and of private capital formation on patents. We delve deeper at the sector level and find important causal relationships of patents with real foreign direct investment (FDI) since World War II. Australia's dependence on FDI for private capital formation served as an important stimulus for knowledge creation in key sectors including manufacturing, agriculture and mining.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aehr.12275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135408347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor's notes and announcements","authors":"Kris Inwood","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12273","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48019267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative history studies on China: State capacity, institutions, culture and human capital from prehistoric times to the present","authors":"Zhiwu Chen,&nbsp;Chicheng Ma","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12272","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12272","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Volumes of historical archives in China have been digitised, from which various datasets have been constructed for scholarly inquiry. Furthermore, the excavation of thousands of archaeological sites provided detailed data about prehistoric development across China's landmass. As a result, there has been remarkable progress in quantitative studies on China's past. This article reviews recent work in five theme areas to provide a background for the papers included in this special issue. These themes include state formation, Confucianism, human capital, Christian missionaries, and long-term persistence studies. The five papers in this issue fall into these themes and are introduced where appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aehr.12272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42423119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The long-run effects of the imperial bureaucracy: Two tales along the Great Wall of Ming China","authors":"Ming Gao,&nbsp;Qiankun Gu,&nbsp;Shijun He,&nbsp;Dongmin Kong","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12267","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12267","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the long-term effects of the administrative system using the Great Wall as a geographical discontinuity. Using town-level nighttime light luminosity per capita as a measure of economic development, we find that today, luminosity per capita is significantly and robustly higher in towns south of the Great Wall than in those north of it. The holding of resource allocation authority by the administrative hierarchy and the uniform enforcement of justice by hierarchy officials were advantageous for city building and judicial cross-territory enforceability on the south side of the great wall, which had a long-term impact on the imperial bureaucracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48626003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does cultural identity facilitate cooperation?—Impact of business culture on boards and bank cooperation in Republican China","authors":"Lingyu Kong,&nbsp;Cheng Cheng,&nbsp;Wenxiao Wang","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12271","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12271","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies the impact of cultural integration on business cooperation in the Republican Era. We collect the composition of bank boards and directors' biographical details of 28 principal banks in China, compiling a panel dataset from 1921 to 1936. The data allows us to classify directors' merchant groups, a typical cultural reflection, thereby calculating the cultural difference at the bank-pair level. Using the boards' cultural traits, we find cultural difference among bank boards is negatively related to their director-sharing decisions, an indicator of inter-bank cooperation. Also, cultural identity on boards facilitates banks to participate in loan syndicates with the yield and risk shared. Further composition tests show that cultural attitude towards clan orientation, trust and open spirit embedded in the business culture is the root of inter-banking cooperation. The finding reveals the importance of informal institutions in financial development and contributes to the debate on cultural and institutional bifurcation between China and Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46857727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology transmission in pre-modern China: Evidence from a Chinese clan, 1400–1800","authors":"Runnan Wang","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aehr.12270","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the intergenerational transmission of technology in historical China by constructing a genealogy dataset of the Huang family from 1400 to 1800. The family specialised in woodblock carving for book production, and their names were documented in these volumes, enabling measurement of technological output. Analysing 902 individuals across 16 generations reveals that carving skills were primarily transmitted from fathers to sons, with little influence from other family members or external artisans. Moreover, the production of books by the Huang family experienced a decline in the early 17th century, potentially attributed to weather shocks and decreased demand for books.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aehr.12270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50152704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descendants over 300 years: Marital fertility in five lineages in Qing China","authors":"Sijie Hu","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12269","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aehr.12269","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper studies the marital fertility—broadly defined as the ratio of live births to married women—of five Chinese lineages since the 17th century, mainly in the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911). The results demonstrate a unique pattern of Chinese marital fertility by exploiting new genealogical data and studying more than 50,000 individuals from five lineages. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, the marital fertility rates in the period were moderate. On the other hand, in line with the classic ideas, this paper finds no clear indication of two fertility controls within marriages, parity-dependent early stopping and longer spacing.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43274398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sin of words: Censorship and self-censorship in China during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911)","authors":"Peiyuan Li","doi":"10.1111/aehr.12268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aehr.12268","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the impact of a large-scale censorship campaign in Qing China (1644–1911) on intellectuals' writings. Using a Difference-in-Difference approach and analysing 23,000 poems, the study reveals a significant decrease in the frequency of censored words in poems written by censored intellectuals. There was no room to circumvent censorship by adopting homophones, split words, and variant characters. The machine learning analyses uncover some indication that the censorship campaign influenced intellectuals' writing styles, with intellectuals shifting away from the censored poetry. The campaign created intense political pressures, leading to self-censorship, but its long-term impact on word choices was minimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":100132,"journal":{"name":"Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50139339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}