Applied Turfgrass Science最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Mowing and Rolling Frequency, Primo Maxx, and Roller Weight on Annual Bluegrass Putting Green Speed","authors":"Brian W McDonald,&nbsp;Robert C. Golembiewski,&nbsp;Thomas W. Cook,&nbsp;Tod M. Blankenship","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0529-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0529-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study was conducted on an annual bluegrass (<i>Poa annua L.)</i> putting green and examined the effects on ball roll distance (BRD) from five mowing and rolling frequency regimes using both a light and heavy roller with and without Primo Maxx. Treatments included: (i) mow daily with no rolling; (ii) mow daily + roll M, W, F; (iii) mow daily + roll daily; (iv) mow M, W, F, Sa + roll daily; and (v) alternate mowing and rolling daily. For six weeks during the summers of 2009 and 2010, ball roll distances were measured in the morning and afternoon, Monday through Friday. BRD decreased an average of 0.5 ft from the morning to the afternoon. The heavy roller significantly increased BRD in 2009 by 0.4 ft or less, but not in 2010. Primo Maxx increased BRD an average of 0.5 ft in 2010, but not in 2009. Mowing + rolling daily produced the longest BRD followed by mow daily + roll M, W, F and mow M, W, F, Sa + roll every day which was 0.5 ft less. Mow daily with no rolling and alternate mowing and rolling daily had the shortest BRD averaging 1.2 ft less than mowing and rolling daily.</p>","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/ATS-2013-0529-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"108092811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of Labeled Herbicides for Broadleaf Weed Control in Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens","authors":"A. J. Patton,&nbsp;D. V. Weisenberger,&nbsp;J. T. Brosnan,&nbsp;G. K. Breeden","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0523-01-BR","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0523-01-BR","url":null,"abstract":"While most broadleaf weeds cannot survive at mowing heights used to maintain putting greens, species such as white clover (Trifolium repens), mouse-ear chickweed (Cerastium vulgatum), and prostrate spurge (Euphorbia humistrata) can persist even with the use of sound management practices. Broadleaf herbicides like 2,4-D have been used on putting greens since the 1940s for weed control (1,2), but many golf course superintendents are hesitant to use broadleaf herbicides on their putting greens for fear that turfgrass injury might occur. There is a paucity of data on the safety of broadleaf herbicides on putting greens despite pesticide labels that suggest they can be used without injuring turf. The objective of this experiment was to determine the safety of postemergence broadleaf herbicides on putting green height creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) turf.","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/ATS-2013-0523-01-BR","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"93198378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converting Cool-Season Bluegrass or Fescue to Warm-Season Buffalograss","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/j.1552-5821.2013.tb00001.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1552-5821.2013.tb00001.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.1552-5821.2013.tb00001.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137467685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Corn Gluten Meal for Common Dandelion and Smooth Crabgrass Control Compared to Nitrogen Fertilizers","authors":"Rodney St. John,&nbsp;Nadia DeMuro","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0426-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0426-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Corn gluten meal (CGM) is a naturally derived weed control/fertilizer that may allow for reduction in herbicide use on turfgrass. Previously it has been reported that CGM inhibits root production and reduces naturally occurring weed populations. It is unclear if weed population reductions are due to herbicidal activity or increased competition of the turfgrass species from nitrogen in CGM. Our objective was to compare three N sources (CGM, Milorganite, and urea) with three application strategies (equivalent of 1.8 lb N/1000 ft² with half applied in spring plus half applied in fall, 3.6 lb N/1000 ft² with half applied in spring plus half applied in fall, and 3.6 lb/1000 ft² applied in spring). CGM provided equivalent or lower quality ratings compared to Milorganite or urea throughout the two-year study. Common dandelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> G.H. Weber ex Wiggers) counts (0 to 1004/100 ft²) and smooth crabgrass [<i>Digitaria ischaemum</i> (Shreb) Shreb. ex Muhl.] coverage (5 to 90%) were similar for treatments receiving CGM, Milorganite, and urea. In this study, CGM provided no additional benefit in weed control compared to products containing only N. Fertilizing with 3.6 lb of N/1000 ft² resulted in higher turf quality with less weeds than plots receiving only 1.8 lb of N/1000 ft².</p>","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/ATS-2013-0426-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"104649891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of Lesser Swinecress in Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens","authors":"J. A. Hoyle,&nbsp;C. M. Straw,&nbsp;G. M. Henry,&nbsp;T. Cooper,&nbsp;L. L. Beck,&nbsp;A. J. Hephner","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0425-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0425-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"J. A. Hoyle, Postdoctoral Research Associate, C. M. Straw, Graduate Research Assistant, G. M. Henry, Associate Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602; T. Cooper, Graduate Research Assistant, L. L. Beck, Graduate Research Assistant, and A. J. Hephner, Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"96582088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Preemergence Herbicides on the Recovery of Bermudagrass from Spring Dead Spot","authors":"L. L. Beck,&nbsp;T. Cooper,&nbsp;A. J. Hephner,&nbsp;C. M. Straw,&nbsp;G. M. Henry","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0328-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0328-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Field experiments were conducted in Texas to examine the recovery of a bermudagrass [<i>Cynodon dactylon</i> × <i>C. transvaalensis</i> (L.) Pers.] fairway from spring dead spot (SDS) disease following preemergence (PRE) herbicide applications. In 2011 and 2012 bermudagrass recovery from SDS in the non-treated check plots (46 and 59%, respectively) was similar to bermudagrass recovery in response to oxadiazon at 3.4 kg/ha (55 and 57%, respectively) 14 weeks after treatment (WAT). Pendimethalin at 2.5 kg/ha resulted in 33 to 38% bermudagrass recovery from SDS 14 WAT. In 2011, oryzalin (1.68 kg/ha), dithiopyr (0.56 kg/ha), prodiamine (0.73 kg/ha), and dimethenamid (1.68 kg/ha) applications resulted in 21 to 25% bermudagrass recovery from SDS 14 WAT. In 2012, bermudagrass exhibited similar recovery in response to prodiamine and oryzalin (24 and 26%, respectively), while response to dithiopyr and dimethenamid was 33 and 34%, respectively, 14 WAT. Bermudagrass exhibited the least amount of recovery (13 to 14%) in response to indaziflam at 0.035 kg/ha, regardless of year. Oxadiazon can be safely used as a PRE option when bermudagrass is recovering from SDS, while the use of oryzalin, prodiamine, dithiopyr, dimethenamid, pendimethalin, and indaziflam may limit recovery and further contribute to a weakened turfgrass system.</p>","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/ATS-2013-0328-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"111453769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus Availability In Turfgrass Root Zones After Applications of Organic and Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizers","authors":"Gwen K. Stahnke,&nbsp;E. D. Miltner,&nbsp;C. G. Cogger,&nbsp;R. A. Luchterhand,&nbsp;R. E. Bembenek","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0325-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0325-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic fertilizers have increased in popularity over the past ten years due to the belief they are more environmentally sound to use than synthetic fertilizers. Most fertilizers derived from organic materials contain phosphorus as well as nitrogen, so use may be affected in states that legislate the application of P to lawns. States are considering exempting organic fertilizers from their zero-P legislation, as Wisconsin did, because it is thought that P from organic sources is less likely to be lost in leachate or runoff. Fertilizers are applied on turfgrasses as needed based on N form and content. Many organic fertilizers contain as much P as N in their formulations, and therefore similar amounts of P and N are applied with each application. Soil tests in native soil and a fairway sand and peat mix used in the Pacific Northwest showed that organic fertilizers applied at rates to provide adequate N for acceptable turf increased soil Bray-1 P levels from 16 to 18 mg/kg to 23 to 66 mg/kg within 3 years. Oxalate extractable Fe, Al, and P was determined for all treatments in both soils and used to calculate phosphorus saturation (PSI_ox). PSI_ox values from sand treated with one organic fertilizer source were significantly higher than measured in other treatments, indicating future risk of P loss with repeated applications of this organic fertilizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/ATS-2013-0325-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"103053463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salinity (NaCl), Waterlogging, and their Combined Effects on Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Turfgrass Species","authors":"Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Alan J. Zuk,&nbsp;Kevin Rue","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0226-01-RS","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0226-01-RS","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salinity and waterlogging are two major abiotic stressors commonly associated with irrigated soils. In this experiment, tall fescue cv. Stonewall, Kentucky bluegrass cv. Bewitched, blue grama ecotype Bad River, and buffalograss cv. Texoka were germinated under well-drained (control), waterlogging (i.e., flooding), saline (5 g NaCl/liter), or a combination of waterlogging and saline conditions (saline-waterlogging) in two greenhouses (Study I and II). Plants were evaluated on germination percentage, shoot and root fresh weight, and the longest root length. Waterlogging with tap water did not inhibit seed germination or seedling growth. Germination, shoot and root fresh weight, and the longest root length were significantly decreased under saline conditions, alone or combined with waterlogging. The highest reduction occurred under saline condition alone which ranged from 36% of the control in the longest root length in Study I to 1% of the control in root fresh weight in Study II. Soil salinity levels were similar between the control and waterlogging treatments, which was significantly lower than the salinity treatment and the combined effects. Tall fescue was the most tolerant to both salinity and waterlogging stresses. Kentucky bluegrass, blue grama, and buffalograss showed a similar level of tolerance to salinity, waterlogging, and the combined stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/ATS-2013-0226-01-RS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"112349849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postemergence Herbicide Safety and Efficacy for Control of Common Bermudagrass in a Zoysiagrass Fairway","authors":"Enzhan Song,&nbsp;Xi Xiong","doi":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0226-01-BR","DOIUrl":"10.1094/ATS-2013-0226-01-BR","url":null,"abstract":"Golf course superintendents in the Transition Zone of the United States struggle to limit common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] infestations in zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) fairways. When tank-mixed with triclopyr, aryloxyphenoxypropionate (AOPP) herbicides such as fenoxaprop and fluazifop result in more injury to bermudagrass than zoysiagrass and up to 76% suppression of bermudagrass (3). An alternative tank-mix partner with AOPP herbicides for selective removal of bermudagrass is mesotrione. Willis et al. (4) reported that mesotrione reduced bermudagrass cover by 45 to 98% when applied alone or tank-mixed with AOPP herbicides. Although the label indicates potential phytotoxicity to zoysiagrass, Huckabay (2) reported that three sequential applications of mesotrione up to 0.12 lb/acre resulted only in a maximum of 15% injury to ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass. To date, there are no studies evaluating tank mixtures of AOPP herbicides with mesotrione on golf course fairways to determine long-term control of bermudagrass in zoysiagrass turf. Field plots were established on the 9th fairway of The Falls Golf Club in O’Fallon, MO. The fairway was established with ‘Westwood’ bermudagrass (1) in 1994 and renovated to ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass by sod in 2009, following three sequential applications of glyphosate at 4 lb/acre applied four weeks apart. Shortly after sodding, bermudagrass began invading fairways and becoming interwoven with zoysiagrass. The fairway soil was a Keswick silt loam with a pH of 6.7 and 4.5% organic matter. The fairway was maintained at a 0.56-inch mowing height and received a total of 3 lb N/1000 ft2 fertilizer annually. Field plots measuring 5 by 10 ft were established on two locations of the same fairway and arranged as a randomized complete block design with four replications for one location, and three replications at the second location due to space limitations. Locations were fairly uniform with the possible exception that one area was heavily trafficked with golf carts. In addition to an untreated control, treatments included fenoxaprop or fluazifop tank-mixed with triclopyr or mesotrione and applied to the same plots over two years (Table 1). The initial application was made on 9 June 2010, with sequential applications made 3, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after initial treatment (WAIT) in the first growing season, and 52, 56, and 60 WAIT during the second growing season. Treatments were tank mixed with a non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v, and applied with a CO -pressurized backpack sprayer calibrated to apply 22 gal/acre at a spray pressure of 40 PSI using four TeeJet XR8002 flat fan nozzles (Spraying Systems Co., Wheaton, IL). Zoysiagrass injury was rated on a 0 to 100% scale with 0 = no injury and 100% = complete death. Bermudagrass coverage was rated on a 0 to 100% scale, with 0% = no bermudagrass and 100% = complete bermudagrass coverage. Results were analyzed by PROC MIXED of SAS 9.2 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) and mean s","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1094/ATS-2013-0226-01-BR","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"111746154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Help Homeowners, Industry Personnel, UF/IFAS Posts Videos on Turfgrass Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/j.1552-5821.2013.tb00002.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1552-5821.2013.tb00002.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100111,"journal":{"name":"Applied Turfgrass Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/j.1552-5821.2013.tb00002.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138030315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}