Anthropocene Science最新文献_第2页

Transitional Contexts and Transformational Pathways Through the Utilisation of Marine Fishery Advisories in Odisha, India: Challenges and Way Forward 通过利用印度奥迪沙的海洋渔业建议实现过渡背景和转型途径：挑战与前进之路

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-024-00069-5

Sudip Kumar Kundu, Harini Santhanam

{"title":"Transitional Contexts and Transformational Pathways Through the Utilisation of Marine Fishery Advisories in Odisha, India: Challenges and Way Forward","authors":"Sudip Kumar Kundu, Harini Santhanam","doi":"10.1007/s44177-024-00069-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-024-00069-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine fisheries provide direct livelihood support to approximately 16 million people and almost double the number along the value chain. The turnover of Small-Scale Fishery (SSF) communities in the maritime states of India was previously limited by the use of unscientific and unreliable indicators of fish abundance and the increased frequency of extreme weather events. To overcome these challenges, the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) in the Government of India (GoI) is providing Marine Fishery Advisories (MFAs) based on geospatial data in the form of Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ) and Ocean State Forecast (OSF) advisories that can make a significant impact in the Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) and net profit for pelagic fisheries. However, the utilisation of these advisories for the sustainable development of the SSF communities is also hampered by complex inter-linked socio-economic factors. The present investigation provided an assessment of the socio-economic factors influencing the degree of utilisation of the PFZ and OSF by the fishing communities in the maritime state of Odisha. Whilst the outcome of the present study indicated that the access of the advisories was influenced by community backwardness, literacy and ownership of the various categories of crafts, ground level investigation showed that the usages of the PFZ advisories are hampered by several factors such as irregularity in reception and long distant from their traditional fishing ground. The transformative pathways through the utilisation of the MFAs are hence crucial for the sustainable fishing practices towards achieving the economic stability of the SSF communities. This study further recommended that implementation gaps identified must be addressed so that geospatial technology products can be more effectively used to enhance the sustainable development of the SSF communities in India.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"3 1-2","pages":"35 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44177-024-00069-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil Properties and Stoichiometry as Influenced by Land Use, Enclosures and Seasonality in a Semi-arid Dryland in Kenya 肯尼亚半干旱旱地受土地利用、圈地和季节性影响的土壤特性和化学计量法

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-024-00068-6

Oliver V. Wasonga, Kevin Z. Mganga, Robinson K. Ngugi, Moses M. Nyangito, Dickson M. Nyariki

{"title":"Soil Properties and Stoichiometry as Influenced by Land Use, Enclosures and Seasonality in a Semi-arid Dryland in Kenya","authors":"Oliver V. Wasonga, Kevin Z. Mganga, Robinson K. Ngugi, Moses M. Nyangito, Dickson M. Nyariki","doi":"10.1007/s44177-024-00068-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-024-00068-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agropastoralism and nomadic pastoralism constitute the main land use systems in semi-arid drylands in Kenya. However, limited studies have investigated how land use and management practices and seasonality affect soil properties that alter C, N, and P biogeochemical cycling in African drylands systems. Thus, this study was conducted to determine effects of: (1) sedentary agropastoral land-use system (SAL), (2) semi-nomadic pastoral land-use system (SNL)), (3) pasture enclosures and (4) seasonality on selected soil chemical properties and total C, N, and P stoichiometry in a semi-arid landscape in Kenya. Land use, enclosures, and seasonality affected chemical properties of soils and C, N, and P stoichiometry. Generally, Na, K, Ca, Mg and cation exchange capacity were higher in the dry than wet period. Soil C:N ratios were less than 5, while N:P and C:P ratios were 5–56 and 16–177, respectively. However, ratios of C:N, N:P and C:P were significantly higher in SNL than SAL. The C:P and N:P ratios in both land use systems were highly correlated (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.70). During the wet season, C:N ratios of soils were higher inside enclosures in both land uses. Higher soil N:P and C:P ratios were observed during dry compared to wet seasons. The N:P and C:P ratios of soils were higher inside and outside enclosures in SAL and SNL, respectively. Land use, enclosures and seasonality exhibited different effects on chemical properties of soils and C:N:P stoichiometry ratios. Perennial vegetation cover in enclosures has a great potential to enhance soil health necessary to support pastoral land-use systems in semi-arid African drylands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"3 1-2","pages":"23 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44177-024-00068-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Integrated Eco-geospatial Approach for Assessment of Riparian Health in Upper Stretch of the Ganga, India 评估印度恒河上游河岸健康的综合生态地理空间方法

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-024-00067-7

Ashutosh Kumar Mishra, Nihal Gujre, Shalini Dhyani

{"title":"An Integrated Eco-geospatial Approach for Assessment of Riparian Health in Upper Stretch of the Ganga, India","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar Mishra, Nihal Gujre, Shalini Dhyani","doi":"10.1007/s44177-024-00067-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-024-00067-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Riparian buffers of the Ganga have undergone significant deforestation in the last few decades. The study attempts to understand the impact of increasing anthropogenic interferences on the riparian fringes of the river Ganga. Change detection using land use land cover (LULC), followed by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis supported by data collected from field surveys was carried out from Gomukh to Haridwar. Our results show an increase in the built-up area and barren land, accounting for 4.1% and 4.8%, respectively. An increasing tourist influx, increasing built-up area, expansion of agriculture and the after-effects of the “Himalayan Tsunami” in 2013 have been identified as primary reasons behind the destruction of the riparian forests in the upper stretch of river Ganga. Significant loss of overall vegetation cover, i.e. 17.2% in the last decade (2008–2017) was observed in the analysis. From the field-based surveys, it was observed that vegetation assemblages are changing with the shift from climatic climax vegetation to pioneer species like <i>Alnus nepalensis</i> and the rapid expansion of <i>Pinus roxburghii</i>. A shift in species assemblages further manifests in loss of biodiversity and enhanced invasion of <i>Parthenium, Lantana</i> and <i>Eupatorium</i> species. The present study attempts to provide broader indicators of river health to improve the understanding of the changes in the ecologically sensitive and fragile riparian buffer of the river Ganga. The study can be further used to assess riparian health for long-term planning of restoration of riparian buffers of river Ganga from Gomukh to Haridwar.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"2 3-4","pages":"212 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Tree Density, Tree Cover, Species Diversity and Biomass in Semi-arid Human Dominated Landscape Using Large Area Inventory and Remote Sensing Data 利用大面积清查和遥感数据评估半干旱人类主导景观中的树木密度、树木覆盖率、物种多样性和生物量

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-024-00066-8

C. Sudhakar Reddy, K. V. Satish

{"title":"Assessment of Tree Density, Tree Cover, Species Diversity and Biomass in Semi-arid Human Dominated Landscape Using Large Area Inventory and Remote Sensing Data","authors":"C. Sudhakar Reddy, K. V. Satish","doi":"10.1007/s44177-024-00066-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-024-00066-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is essential to develop methods for estimating species diversity and biomass in human-dominated mosaic landscapes to minimise uncertainty. The level of detail provided by very high-resolution satellite imagery enables the precise mapping and monitoring of individual trees and tree patches in trees outside forests. This work is the first of its kind and attempts to estimate tree density, tree cover, species diversity, and biomass from a comprehensive survey and very high-resolution remote-sensing data. This research compared the census of the entire tree population over a 900-ha site (local landscape) and a 15,142-ha site (regional landscape) in the Sri Sathya Sai district of Andhra Pradesh. This study mapped 47,054 tree individuals that cover a land area of 1.64% in a regional landscape. The most dominant species based on the importance value index are <i>Tamarindus indica</i>, <i>Mangifera indica</i>, <i>Cocos nucifera</i>, <i>Prosopis juliflora</i>, and <i>Pongamia pinnata</i>. Estimated tree density indicates about 3 trees per hectare in regional and local landscapes, respectively. Among the 42 inventoried tree species, 22 were wild. Analysis shows evergreen trees are dominating over deciduous trees with 88% of tree density. Alpha diversity of the local landscape reaching up to <i>H</i>′ = 1.93. The findings show that the maximum above-ground biomass is 40.61 tonnes/ha at one site, while it is relatively low at the remaining sites. Since no sampling is involved, the estimates derived from census data are not subject to sampling error, leading to high precision in the results. The spatial approach used in the study combines field-based data collection with the advantages of remote sensing technology to provide a detailed assessment of tree resources in rural landscapes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"2 3-4","pages":"197 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alien-Plant Invasion in the Anthropocene 人类世的外来植物入侵

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-023-00065-1

R. K. Kohli

引用次数: 0

From Safety Against Floods to Safety at Floods*: Theory of Urban Resilience to Flood Adaptation and Synergy with Mitigation 从洪水安全到洪水安全*：城市适应洪水的复原力理论及与缓解洪水的协同作用

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-023-00064-2

Ashish Kumar Srivastava, Avijit Sahay

引用次数: 0

Achieving Land Degradation Neutrality Through Tea Plantation: Future Prospect for Combating Climate Change in the Northeast Himalayan Region of India 通过茶叶种植实现土地中性退化：印度东北喜马拉雅地区应对气候变化的未来前景

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-023-00063-3

Kingshuk Modak, Gaurav Mishra, Saurav Saha, Ingudam Shakuntala, Rosa Francaviglia

{"title":"Achieving Land Degradation Neutrality Through Tea Plantation: Future Prospect for Combating Climate Change in the Northeast Himalayan Region of India","authors":"Kingshuk Modak, Gaurav Mishra, Saurav Saha, Ingudam Shakuntala, Rosa Francaviglia","doi":"10.1007/s44177-023-00063-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-023-00063-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tea cultivation, being a woody perennial land-use, has an enormous potential to sequester a vast amount of carbon (C) in its biomass and soil rhizosphere. The Northeast Himalayan region (NEH) of India is a traditional tea growing belt, thus the impact of long-term climate change can be mitigated through the enrichment of soil organic carbon (SOC). Tea cultivation can also contribute to land degradation neutrality (LDN) by restoring degraded lands and provide higher economic gains and better livelihood to the small and marginal farmers of the region. The present study was conducted to understand the change in SOC dynamics under climate change (CC) conditions using the RothC simulation model in the Brahmaputra plain of upper Assam state. The model was used to simulate SOC stock change for a period of 10 years (2010–2020) under the baseline climate conditions, and for a period of 30 years (2021–2050) with four CC scenarios for temperature (T) and rainfall (R) available for Assam state. The SOC stock under the baseline climate increased by 8.4% from 2010 to 2020. However, simulations under CC scenarios indicated a negative impact on SOC stock. In particular, SOC stock declined by 3.7, 4.4, 4.5 and 4.8% in CC1 (T + 1.7 °C, R + 5%), CC2 (T + 1.7 °C, R + 10%), CC3 (T + 2.0 °C, R + 5%) and CC4 (T + 2.0 °C, R + 10%), respectively. The average decline in SOC stocks was 4.3% during 2021–2050. Interestingly, the study also revealed that the decline in SOC stock was more marked during the initial 5 years and then stabilized under future CC; thus, the adverse effects of CC seem to be mitigated. Our study identified the high resilience of SOC under long-term tea plantation toward CC. We also recommend that long-term tea plantations are intercropped with other economically important crops to store higher amounts of SOC, contribute to LDN and provide economic stability to the farmers of the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"2 3-4","pages":"180 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91527496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transformative Potential of Higher Education Institutions in Fostering Sustainable Development in India 高等教育机构在促进印度可持续发展中的变革潜力

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-023-00061-5

Neha Goyal, Mamta Tripathy, Varsha Singh, Gyan Prakash Sharma

{"title":"Transformative Potential of Higher Education Institutions in Fostering Sustainable Development in India","authors":"Neha Goyal, Mamta Tripathy, Varsha Singh, Gyan Prakash Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s44177-023-00061-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-023-00061-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The education system has always been proactive in identifying contemporary problems and finding solutions to them. In line with this thought, the Universities, Colleges, and other Education Institutions act as the most significant incubators of ideas and solutions to global environmental problems. The article asserts the transformative potential of Higher Education for Sustainable Development as the keystone for achieving biosphere stewardship and fulfilling the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, especially in India. In addition, the article highlights the education policy and sustainability initiatives, valuing Higher Education Institutions’ <i>Attitude to Action</i> approach in India. The emerging perspective of transdisciplinary efforts in education focusing on the <i>local–regional–global</i> learning continuum offers new insights on managing various challenges posed to sustainability in the Anthropocene. The synthesis calls for collaborative participation of policymakers (enablers) and Higher Education Institutions (executors), looking <i>inward</i> (reflect), <i>outward</i> (connect with different stakeholders), and <i>forward</i> (act) to realize achieving Sustainable Development Goals (facilitators) and build a sustainable future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"2 2","pages":"112 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50010967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards the Assessment of Ecosystem Health of Ecosystems in Asia and Promoting Nature-Based Solutions 亚洲生态系统健康评估与促进基于自然的解决方案

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-023-00062-4

N. Manika, Deepu Sivadas, Oindrila Basu, Shalini Dhyani

引用次数: 0

The Neglected Role of Intraspecific Variation in Plastic Pollution Research 种内变异在塑料污染研究中被忽视的作用

Anthropocene Science Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1007/s44177-023-00060-6

Katy R. Nicastro, Laurent Seuront, Lorenzo Cozzolino, William Froneman, Gerardo I. Zardi

{"title":"The Neglected Role of Intraspecific Variation in Plastic Pollution Research","authors":"Katy R. Nicastro, Laurent Seuront, Lorenzo Cozzolino, William Froneman, Gerardo I. Zardi","doi":"10.1007/s44177-023-00060-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-023-00060-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The predominant focus of initial research endeavours investigating the impacts of ongoing climate change on biodiversity has been on studying the effects on species as the primary unit of measurement. However, over the last decade, numerous studies have taught us that neglecting intraspecific (genetic and/or phenotypic) diversity limits our understanding of the impacts that human activities have on life on Earth. Intraspecific biodiversity is a critical component of ecological systems, providing the foundation for adaptation, stability, productivity, and the long-term persistence of species and ecosystems. Evidence has demonstrated that consideration of variation below the species level is an absolute prerequisite for a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of anthropogenic pressure, the likely consequences for wider ecosystems and efficient management strategies. Plastic litter has rapidly emerged as a worldwide threat to global biodiversity. Critically, to date, akin to the initial phases of climate change research, the main emphasis of studies has primarily been on examining the effects of plastics on species as the principal metric of assessment. Studies investigating how, or to what extent, plastic pollution affects diversity below the species level are lagging. In this perspective piece, we argue that, by overlooking the role of intraspecific variation in plastic pollution research, the consequences of this new, and ever growing, ecological threat may be oversimplified and underestimated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"2 2","pages":"141 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50006487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1