Anthropocene Science最新文献

{"title":"A Call for the Scientific Community to Adopt Environmental, Social and Governance Principles","authors":"Jurjen J. Luykx,&nbsp;Elisabetta Burchi","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00105-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00105-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since the publication of the influential report <i>The Limits to Growth</i>, the scientific community has generated essential insights and developed technical solutions to tackle the climate crisis, as well as critically examined the prevailing conventions that impede climate goals. One major omission, however, is the need for science to confront and clarify its own impact on climate change. Notably, recent scientific publications hint at poor uptake of sustainability measures in research. Trusted across many layers of society, scientists have a responsibility to lead by example and promote transparency regarding the broader impact of their practices. Drawing on lessons from the financial sector, we explore how the scientific community could adopt Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards to enhance the ways in which responsible research practices are promoted. We propose that ESG criteria be integrated across all levels of research, spanning institutional policies, protocol registrations, grant applications, and scientific outputs. The global scientific community may thus create and implement what we call “Principles for Sustainable Research”. This in turn may increase awareness and further enable science to become more ecologically and ethically sustainable, with the ultimate aim of advancing the wellbeing of the global population.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 4","pages":"329 - 333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Resilient Crop Varieties: Mainstreaming to Improve Yield and Moderate Farmers’ Risk","authors":"D. K. Yadava,&nbsp;Ranjay K. Singh,&nbsp;V. B. Patel,&nbsp;T. R. Sharma,&nbsp;S. K. Singh,&nbsp;Sudhakar Pandey,&nbsp;P. R. Choudhury,&nbsp;Firoz Hossain,&nbsp;R. R. Burman,&nbsp;U. S. Gautam,&nbsp;Himanshu Pathak","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00103-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00103-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the recent past, climate change has caused severe stress to crops in India, with subsequent major challenges for farmers. This situation has prompted efforts to adapt and reduce the risks of crop failure by developing more resilient crop varieties. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi has played a key role in this regard, including the development and promotion of these new crop varieties among farmers. This study presents a qualitative overview of 109 climate resilient crop varieties, released by ICAR on 11th August 2024 in a national programme and dedicated to the nation. These 109 crop varieties were representing to different crop categories: cereal 23; pulses 11; oilseeds 7; forage 7; sugarcane 4; fibre 6; potential crops 11; fruits 8; vegetables 8; tubers 3; spices 6; plantation 6; flowers 5; and medicinal plants 4. By showcasing the processes used in developing these new varieties, their unique attributes for withstanding abiotic (e.g., drought, moisture stress, flood, alkalinity and salinity) and biotic (insect pests and diseases) stresses were identified along with strategy needed to promote them. Further, the enhanced quality attributes of some of these field and horticultural crop varieties have the potential to mitigate nutritional deficiencies prevailing in masses. These new varieties also have the capacity for adoption in different states, characterized with diverse agro-climatic zones in the country. A strong collaboration and networking among central and state institutions; and private players are a pre-requisite in promoting and sustaining diversity of crop through newly developed climate resilient crop varieties. The strategy of proliferating the seeds and propagules, and promoting the newly developed crop varieties to a range of stakeholders (including central and state agencies, <i>Krishi Vigyan Kendra</i> (Farm Science Centre), FPOs (Farmer Producer Organizations), private seed growers, and social institutions), is seen as instrumental for their wider production, enabling adaptation to multiple stressors and their associated agricultural risks. The socio-economic and institutional aspects of these new crop varieties, including bio-fortification and nutraceutical dimensions, may help policy planners in devising suitable strategies for facing and adapting to differential stressors and ensuring nutritional security. Ultimately, the collective efforts enabled through planned and autonomous practices supported by state and central policies can ease access of climate resilient varieties by farmers, and reducing climate risk in agriculture. Overall, such process can build social-ecological resilience in agricultural field and strengthen SDG-2 (<i>Zero Hunger</i>), SDG-13 (<i>Climate Action</i>) and SDG-15 (<i>Life on Land</i>).</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 4","pages":"295 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Feasibility of Productive Weed Use: A Decision Support Framework for Land Stakeholders","authors":"James P. Westfield,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Wandrag,&nbsp;Lindsay C. Stringer","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00102-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00102-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People value plants differently, based on their own experiences of nature and how those experiences relate to a particular plant. Plant species that are perceived to be of low value (i.e. ‘weeds’) are often managed to prevent their spread. Such weed management typically involves prescribed burning, cutting and/or treatment with herbicide. Productive uses of weeds are rarely considered in weed management decision making. This paper develops a decision support framework to aid land stakeholders in assessing the feasibility of reviving past productive uses of weeds to support their sustainable management. Through a qualitative case study of <i>Ulex europaeus</i> L. (commonly known as gorse), the decision support framework is derived from: (i) semi-structured interviews with key informants and walking interviews with land managers in the United Kingdom (UK) (where <i>U. europaeus</i> is native) and (ii) questionnaires and written interviews in Australia (where <i>U. europaeus</i> is non-native). Data were analysed using NVivo 20 and thematic analysis, then used to design the decision support framework. Two simulations, one considering a UK smallholding and one on a large landholding in Australia, demonstrate the ability of the framework to guide on the feasible uses of <i>U. europaeus</i> on a particular plot of land, the costs and benefits it offers for livelihoods and the potential environmental impacts of its use. Findings show productive use is a feasible management process in certain contexts. Scale and cost remain limiting factors, and a broad enabling environment is also needed. Real-world testing is required as the next step for the wider deployment of the framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 4","pages":"268 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Pollutants in the River Ganga and its Tributaries – Current Status, Future Impacts and Fate of Riverine Ecosystems","authors":"Divya Dubey,&nbsp;Venkatesh Dutta","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00101-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00101-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emerging pollutants (EPs) in Indian rivers pose a significant threat to the riverine environment and human health. Originating from wastewater from industries, hospitals, and sewage, these pollutants are especially prevalent in the Ganga and its tributaries, adversely affecting river biodiversity, including algae, macroinvertebrates, and fish. Six pharmaceuticals—caffeine, azithromycin, naproxen, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole, and norfloxacin—are found at levels exceeding safety recommendations. There is limited understanding of sediment–water-groundwater interactions regarding EP storage and release, and the bioaccumulation of EPs in aquatic species is not well studied. Current wastewater treatment technologies are inadequate for removing these EPs, leading to their direct release into rivers. Addressing this issue requires a multifaceted approach: reducing pollutant discharge, enhancing wastewater treatment infrastructure, and increasing public awareness about EPs. This review emphasizes significant knowledge gaps regarding the impact of EPs on aquatic life, human health, and the effectiveness of existing remediation technologies. There are significant knowledge gaps regarding the seasonal variation of EPs, the bioaccumulation of EPs in aquatic species, and the effectiveness of remediation techniques. Effective pollution control and watershed management are critical for preserving ecosystems and human health. Future research should prioritize improving treatment methods to eliminate EPs before they contaminate river ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 4","pages":"239 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145950698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Integration of Machine Learning into Geospatial Modelling for Forest Fire Risk Assessment in Hamirpur District, Himachal Pradesh (India)","authors":"Prachismita Nayak,&nbsp;Shruti Kanga,&nbsp;Suraj Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Gowhar Meraj,&nbsp;Pankaj Kumar,&nbsp;Saurabh Kumar Gupta,&nbsp;Bhartendu Sajan","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00094-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00094-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 3","pages":"236 - 237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Climate Change-Mediated Tragedies: An Account of Extreme Rainfall Event in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil","authors":"Daniela Debone,&nbsp;Ronan Adler Tavella,&nbsp;Arnaldo Lopes Colombo,&nbsp;Ana Cristina Gales,&nbsp;Flávio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior,&nbsp;Simone Georges El Khouri Miraglia","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00099-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00099-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change has intensified the frequency and severity of extreme weather events worldwide, with developing regions becoming increasingly vulnerable to their impacts. Brazil has experienced a rise in climate-related disasters, particularly in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, which has shown growing susceptibility to extreme rainfall events. On April 27, 2024, what began as typical seasonal rainfall escalated into one of the most devastating climate catastrophes in Brazil’s history. The event resulted in 184 deaths, 25 missing people, and more than 2.4 million affected across 478 municipalities, approximately 96.1% of all cities in the state. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of this extreme event, assessing the associated short- and long-term negative effects and projecting what can be expected in the near future. The findings highlight the scale and complexity of the disaster’s repercussions and underscore the need to rethink flood management strategies, particularly in urban areas. Lessons from this event point to the necessity of integrating updated climate projections into urban planning and reinforcing flood control infrastructure, while also recognizing the role of nature-based and systemic approaches to increase resilience in the face of future climate threats. The Rio Grande do Sul tragedy serves as a stark reminder of the cascading risks posed by climate change and the need for systemic solutions to build resilient communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 3","pages":"213 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Emissions from Mining Sector in G20 Countries","authors":"Aakash Kumar,&nbsp;Abhishek Kumar,&nbsp; Vatsala,&nbsp;Sanjay Singh","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00096-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00096-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most industrialised and developing economies are significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. This study presents a comparative analysis of emissions from the mining sector by G20 members over five years (2017–2021). We examined emissions from the production of 36 minerals, which were categorised into three groups: iron and ferro-alloy metals (11), non-ferrous metals (20) and precious metals (5). Our findings indicate that Australia is a significant emitter, producing approximately 4487.30 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent (CO₂e). China follows closely with 4251.21 million tonnes CO₂e. Brazil and India also contribute notably, with emissions of around 2121.96 million tonnes and 1328.53 million tonnes CO₂e, respectively. Our analysis shows that emissions from the mining of iron and ferro-alloy metals are higher than those from non-ferrous metals and precious metals. This is primarily due to the scale of production of these minerals. However, it is noteworthy that the unit emissions per tonne of production are comparatively higher for precious metals, despite their lower total emissions. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the emissions landscape in the mining sector across G20 members, highlighting the need for targeted strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of mineral production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 3","pages":"198 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of City Biodiversity Index to the Fast-Expanding City of Delhi, India, for Urban Sustainability and Resilience","authors":"Chandan Das,&nbsp;Satish Chandra Garkoti,&nbsp;Shalini Dhyani","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00095-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00095-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapidly expanding cities with simultaneous increase in the population have put immense pressure on the existing green spaces and biodiversity in the cities. The increasing air pollution, high carbon emissions, and increased intensity of flash floods and urban heat island effects in the fast-growing metropolitan cities of India especially National Capital Territory (NCT) Delhi have put an alert on the human well-being of the urban residents. Planning and implementing site-specific and cost-effective nature-based solutions become a prerequisite for improving livability and developing resilient cities as per Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11. ‘City Biodiversity Index’ (CBI) was assessed to understand the biodiversity concerns, efforts, and challenges for the city. The assessment utilized recently upgraded 28 indicators of the CBI following a standard protocol outlined in the CBI manual, which incorporated elements of remote sensing and literature review. For the first time, Delhi’s CBI was evaluated resulting in a score of 57 out of 100 points. The CBI was divided into three components: native biodiversity (including flora and fauna), ecosystem services, and governance and management, which scored 10 out of 24 points, 5 out of 20 points, and 42 out of 56 points, respectively. These CBI scores serve as critical indicators that demand attention from both state and central governments. With a score slightly above 50%, it is crucial for the city to prioritize biodiversity conservation and incorporate the research findings into the local biodiversity action plan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 3","pages":"148 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Pixels to Molecules: Innovative Strategies for Invasive Alien Plant Species Monitoring and Management","authors":"L. H. Namitha,&nbsp;Shalini Mudalkar,&nbsp;C. Sudhakar Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00100-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00100-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Invasive alien species pose a significant threat to biodiversity, ecosystem integrity, and economic stability. Monitoring and managing invasive alien species has become essential, and recent advances offer a multifaceted approach to technologies ranging from pixels in remote sensing images to molecules in genetic analysis. Advances in high-resolution and hyperspectral data support accurate mapping of species-specific vegetation characteristics, enabling the identification of invasive species across vast landscapes. These pixel-based insights complement molecular methods from eDNA analysis to genome sequencing that offers species-specific details that are important for effective management. While remote sensing is valuable for large-scale habitat assessment and landscape-level monitoring, molecular methods offer increased specificity, sensitivity, and genetic insights that are essential for effective invasive species mapping and management. In the Anthropocene, where human activity accelerates ecological disruption, integrating these methodologies is critical to mitigate the growing impacts of invasive species on planetary health. The future of invasive alien plant species management lies in the synergy of diverse technologies to build ecosystems resilient to biological invasions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 3","pages":"99 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"City Biodiversity Index Assessment for Data-Driven Blue–Green Infrastructure Planning for Urban Sprawls: Lessons from Nagpur, India","authors":"Manu Thomas,&nbsp;Anuj Kumar Tripathi,&nbsp;Athira Prakash,&nbsp;Shalini Dhyani","doi":"10.1007/s44177-025-00092-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44177-025-00092-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Comprehending the status of biodiversity and ecosystem services in urban cities is a vital component in assessing whether the city is developing a sustainable future. The dearth of data availability, management and planning efforts poses a major challenge to the city’s conservation plans. Recent unscientific urbanization and land-use changes have depleted Nagpur's green spaces. This study assesses the biodiversity values, ecosystem services, and governance aspects of Nagpur City through the City Biodiversity Index (CBI). CBI is a critical metric to determine the biodiversity status and the effects of policies and management activities. CBI assessment estimated values under 28 indicators, recently upgraded from 23, across three sections: native biodiversity (9 indicators), ecosystem services (5 indicators), and governance (14 indicators). A mixed-method approach included systematic research review, participatory survey, field-based observation, and data collection, followed by remote sensing and GIS tools. Nagpur scored a total of 57 points out of 112 points. This study helps recognize the areas where the city performs better concerning the current biodiversity composition, the ecosystem services provided, and the management of urban greenspaces. It highlights the vital need to integrate natural and green infrastructure in areas where green and blue spaces are declining especially in highly concretized wards. Ecological connectivity in the form of avenue plantations is not uniform in different zones and requires significant management to develop corridors and reduce fragmentation. Mainstreaming green and blue infrastructure through ward-wise planning with the active involvement of planners and practitioners is essential to reducing urban risks in Nagpur.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100099,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Science","volume":"4 3","pages":"171 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}