Animal Research and One Health最新文献

{"title":"Multi-Omics Insights Into the Role of Fructooligosaccharides Supplementation in Alleviating Salpingitis in Laying Hens","authors":"Dan Song,&nbsp;Tao Duan,&nbsp;Rong Li,&nbsp;Xiaoqiu Wang,&nbsp;Fengdong Zhang,&nbsp;Jia Feng,&nbsp;Lin Qiao,&nbsp;Junlin Cheng,&nbsp;Lixian Chen,&nbsp;Aike Li,&nbsp;Yuna Min,&nbsp;Weiwei Wang","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salpingitis is a highly prevalent disease that reduces production performance and egg quality in laying hens, severely impeding the sustainable development of the egg-laying industry. Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) play a significant role in regulating gut health and immune function. However, the mechanisms by which FOS alleviates salpingitis remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate how FOS mitigates salpingitis using multi-omics approaches. A total of 270 34-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group with a basal diet (CN), a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged group on a basal diet (CN_LPS), and an FOS-supplemented group (1 g/kg diet) with LPS challenge (FOS_LPS). The results showed that the supplementation of FOS significantly ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation and atrophy in the magnum of hens (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of <i>TLR2</i>, <i>MYD88</i>, <i>NF-κB</i>, and <i>COX2</i> in the FOS_LPS group were significantly reduced in the magnum compared to the CN_LPS group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In contrast, the expression of <i>ABCA9</i>, <i>BIRC5</i>, and <i>MYRF</i> genes was significantly higher in the FOS_LPS group than in the CN_LPS group. Compared to the CN_LPS group, the FOS_LPS group exhibited a reduction in the abundance of <i>Rikenellaceae</i>_<i>RC9</i>_<i>gut</i>_<i>group</i> and <i>Alistipes</i>, whereas the abundances of <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Ruminococcus</i>_<i>torques</i>_<i>group</i>, and <i>Phascolarctobacterium</i> were increased in cecal chyme. In addition, the FOS_LPS group exhibited elevated relative concentrations of S-lactoylglutathione and thymol sulfate in plasma as compared to the CN_LPS group. Collectively, FOS mitigated LPS-induced salpingitis by modulating key inflammatory pathways, restoring gut microbiota (e.g., increased <i>Lactobacillus</i>, decreased <i>Rikenellaceae</i>), and enhancing metabolic homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"105-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146199381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry, Intestinal Morphology, and Intestinal Microbiota in Ningxiang Finishing Pigs","authors":"Xianglin Zeng,&nbsp;Wenzhi Liu,&nbsp;Zhaobin Wang,&nbsp;Kai Yang,&nbsp;Qiye Wang,&nbsp;Huansheng Yang","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the effects of different crude protein (CP) levels on growth performance, serum biochemistry, organ indices, intestinal morphology, colonic volatile fatty acids, and gut microbiota in Ningxiang finishing pigs. Ninety-six pigs (53.20 ± 0.53 kg) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments: high-protein (HP, 15.56% CP), medium-protein (MP, 12.94% CP), and low-protein (LP, 10.31% CP), with four replicate pens per treatment and eight pigs per pen. Results showed that dietary CP levels had no significant effects on growth performance. However, the LP diet significantly reduced serum urea nitrogen, liver weight, and relative liver weight (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, jejunal crypt depth showed a linear decrease in response to graded reductions in dietary CP levels (Linear, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The LP diet significantly decreased the contents of isobutyric, isovaleric, and branched-chain fatty acids in colonic fermentation products (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the relative abundances of <i>Terrisporobacter</i>, <i>Marvinbryantia</i>, <i>Turicibacter</i>, <i>Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group</i>, <i>unclassified_f_Peptostreptococcaceae</i>, <i>norank_f_Eubacter_coprostanoligenes_group</i>, <i>Lachnospiraceae_UCG-007</i>, and <i>UCG-009</i> were significantly higher in the LP group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis indicated that isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid were negatively correlated with <i>Lactobacillus</i> and positively correlated with <i>Streptococcus</i>. In conclusion, the LP diet improved colonic microbiota composition while maintaining growth performance in Ningxiang finishing pigs. These results advance our understanding of protein nutrition in indigenous fat-type pig breeds, providing a theoretical foundation for optimizing dietary formulations specifically in Ningxiang pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"120-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146196964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal Welfare as an Essential Element of One Health","authors":"Philip Lymbery","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Animal welfare is a crucial component of the One Health principle, which the World Health Organization (WHO) describes as “an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals, and ecosystems. It recognizes that the health of humans, domestic and wild animals, plants, and the wider environment (including ecosystems) are closely linked and interdependent.” (WHO, 2025) [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The relationship between humans and animals is multifaceted, encompassing emotional, economic, and social dimensions. Companion animals, such as dogs and cats, provide emotional support and improve mental health, reducing stress and loneliness. Working animals, such as horses and oxen, are indispensable in many agricultural communities, aiding in transportation and farming tasks. Ensuring their welfare directly impacts human livelihoods and economic stability. Perhaps the biggest area of human–animal interrelationship is in agriculture, where 92 billion land animals are produced worldwide every year for food.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ensuring the well-being of animals is essential for several reasons. Firstly, animals can act as reservoirs for pathogens that may transmit to humans, leading to zoonotic diseases. By prioritizing animal welfare, we can reduce the risk of disease transmission and safeguard public health. Healthy animals are more resilient to infections, which minimizes the spread of diseases within animal populations and reduces the need for antimicrobial interventions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is particularly important in the context of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a growing global health threat. Nearly three-quarters of all the world's antibiotics are fed to farmed animals, largely to control diseases inherent in the cramped, squalid conditions of industrial animal agriculture. This is a major reason for the WHO to warn that action is needed if we are to avoid a post-antibiotic era, where diseases that are currently treatable could once again kill. Experts suggest that by the middle of the century, the demise of antibiotics could lead to about 10 million deaths a year [&lt;span&gt;2, 3&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;More than 60% of new and emerging infectious diseases that threaten human health originate in animal populations. These threats are significantly increasing in frequency and severity over time, with tremendous long-term impacts [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;COVID-19 is the latest example of a major pandemic caused by a zoonotic pathogen. However, there are many other zoonoses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), zoonotic influenza (H5N1, H7N9, H1N1), Zika, and Ebola virus diseases, which have or could potentially cause epidemics in humans.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The traditional single health system has not been effective at addressing these challenges. Outbreaks of infectious diseases in different species and regions not only pose a serious threat to human and animal health and survival bu","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"454-457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145470190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel Composites and Their Potential Application in Animal Production and Health","authors":"Victoria Anthony Uyanga,&nbsp;Tolulope Grace Ogundipe,&nbsp;Onome Ejeromedoghene,&nbsp;Abigail Adamma Ere-Richard,&nbsp;Edikan Effiong Okon","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biopolymer-based hydrogels have emerged as functional materials with distinct characteristics such as nontoxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and water absorption, which offer valuable properties that can contribute to sustainability and environmentally safe products. They can be modified and adapted for various applications, such as biomedical, pharmaceutical, industrial, textile, and agricultural purposes. With emerging concerns about environmental contamination and safe animal production practices for increased animal welfare and human health, research has increased in search of alternatives to antibiotics, bioactive substance delivery, and growth boosters that will promote sustainable production. The application of naturally derived and bio-based hydrogels presents a great opportunity for exploration and application for animal production purposes, especially as functional feed ingredients, feed processing, wound treatment, farm waste management, antibacterial agents, encapsulation, and nutrient delivery. This review provides an overview of recent research regarding the applications of hydrogels in animals and provides insights into areas with limited information to stimulate research interest in the utilization of hydrogel composites for animal growth, development, and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"2-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146199453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological Innovations and Applications of Spatial Transcriptomics in Livestock and Poultry Research","authors":"Mingyu Wang,&nbsp;Ao Guo,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Shengru Wu,&nbsp;Juan Du,&nbsp;Taiyong Yu","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rapid progress in sequencing technology has made it possible to study the genome and transcriptional maps of single cells. However, to fully grasp the intricacies of multicellular organisms, methods that enable high-throughput measurements while retaining spatial information about the tissue context or subcellular localization of the analyzed nucleic acids are essential. Over the past few years, as transcriptome research has advanced, the limitations of traditional transcriptomic approaches have become increasingly evident. In response, innovative sequencing techniques, such as spatial transcriptome sequencing, have emerged to better accommodate diverse research contexts. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the evolution and limitations of spatial transcriptomics. We summarize its applications in livestock and poultry research and explore its potential future developments. By providing insights into the current state and future directions of spatial transcriptomics, this review highlights its importance in advancing our understanding of complex biological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"14-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146199429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Sentience? Evaluating the Integration of AI-Driven Tools in Animal Welfare Assessment","authors":"Sara Platto","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Despite significant advancements in the field of animal welfare, its assessment still remains a methodological challenge, as an animal's affective state cannot always be directly measured, but must instead be inferred from behavioral, physiological, environmental, and nutritional indicators [&lt;span&gt;1, 2&lt;/span&gt;]. This constraint has led to the exploration of artificial intelligence (AI)—driven tools—including machine learning (ML), computer vision, and sensor-based systems—as possible resources to facilitate dynamic, real-time welfare assessments, and predictive analytic [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. For example, AI-driven wearable sensors facilitate early detection of stress and disease by continuously monitoring vital signs, and behavioral patterns in cattle, pigs, and poultry [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;], whereas machine learning can optimize feeding regimes, and identifies health conditions such as lameness [&lt;span&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;]. In wildlife conservation, AI-enhanced technologies—including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), thermal imaging, and acoustic monitoring—enable detailed tracking of animal movements, habitat use, and identification of anthropogenic threats such as poaching [&lt;span&gt;7, 8&lt;/span&gt;]. AI applications are also emerging within zoological institutions, where neural networks and wearable sensors are employed to gather behavioral, and physiological data of captive animals, supporting their comprehensive welfare assessments [&lt;span&gt;9, 10&lt;/span&gt;]. In the field of companion animals' care, AI innovations have advanced diagnostics, cancer screening, and real-time health monitoring through IoT (Internet of Thing)—enabled collars [&lt;span&gt;11, 12&lt;/span&gt;]. AI is also making a significant impact in laboratory environments, where it supports the 3 Rs by reducing animals use through predictive toxicology frameworks such as the ONTOX project [&lt;span&gt;13&lt;/span&gt;]. Additionally, automated husbandry systems employing AI are considered to be implemented to minimize human–animal interactions, thus reducing stress associated with handling [&lt;span&gt;14&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Although artificial intelligence (AI) presents promising opportunities to identify how animals perceive and experience their own well-being—its integration into the animal welfare science remains limited [&lt;span&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;]. This constraint is largely attributed to persistent practical, conceptual, and technical challenges that limit the widespread application, and translation of AI-based models in real-world animal welfare contexts [&lt;span&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A central technical constraint in AI implementation for animal welfare is the requirement for large, labeled datasets to train the algorithms [&lt;span&gt;17&lt;/span&gt;]. Most deep learning models demand substantial volumes of high-quality, labeled data to achieve high accuracy in the performance, particularly for behavioral assessments [&lt;span&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;]. Studies estimate that up to 1000 samples per behavioral class may be necessary for an accurate baseline classification, with so","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"344-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of Staphylococcus aureus Resistance to Antimicrobial Peptides Nisin, NZ2114 and Bacitracin Involves Multiple Phenotypic Changes","authors":"Lingyu Xiao,&nbsp;Xingyuan Ma,&nbsp;Ping Tian,&nbsp;Lianbin Li,&nbsp;Zafir Muhammad,&nbsp;Xiaokun Wang,&nbsp;Xuemei Xue,&nbsp;Jinhe Xiao,&nbsp;Liangjun Zheng,&nbsp;F. A. El-Gohary,&nbsp;Xin Zhao,&nbsp;Junning Pu,&nbsp;Huping Xue","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has intensified global interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as promising feed additives. Although AMPs were initially considered less prone to resistance due to their broad-spectrum activity, recent studies have revealed an alarming increase in bacterial resistance to AMPs, though the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> can develop stable resistance to the plectasin-derived AMP NZ2114, as well as nisin and bacitracin, after 35 consecutive days of exposure. Comparative genomic analysis identified five candidate genes associated with resistance, with functional assays revealing significant mutations in <i>ndh</i> (Gln287*), <i>lytD</i> (Ala138Thr), and <i>braS</i> (Asn130Asp) as key contributors. Knockout studies showed that Δ<i>ndh</i> strains exhibited increased resistance to NZ2114, bacitracin, and nisin, alongside reduced intracellular ROS levels and rifampicin mutation rates. In contrast, Δ<i>lytD</i> and Δ<i>braS</i> mutants displayed diminished resistance to NZ2114 and bacitracin, with enhanced biofilm formation in Δ<i>lytD</i> and reduced biofilm capacity in Δ<i>braS</i>. To further investigate these mutations, we generated in situ complementation strains <i>∆</i>::<i>lytD-</i>A138T and ∆::<i>braS-</i>N130D, both of which showed heightened resistance compared to wild type, indicating that functional alterations, rather than gene loss, mediate resistance. Notably, resistance phenotypes correlated inversely with bacterial surface anion levels, emphasizing the importance of electrostatic interactions between cationic AMPs and bacterial surface anions in antimicrobial efficacy. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of AMP resistance in <i>S. aureus</i>, highlighting the risk of cross-resistance and underscoring the need for stringent control of AMP use to mitigate the emergence of resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"82-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146196956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Health and Zoonotic Diseases: A Collaborative Approach to Global Health","authors":"Peng Li,&nbsp;Jiabo Ding","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>“One Health” concept is a worldwide strategy characterized by promoting the integration of human, animal, and environmental health through cross-disciplinary, cross-sectoral, cross-regional communication, and collaboration, aiming to improve health and well-being through the prevention of risks and the mitigation of effects of crises [<span>1</span>]. There was a worldwide consensus on implementing the “One Health” strategy, emphasizing its ability to sustainably improve the health of humans, animals, and ecosystems. “One Health” strategy is critical for tackling modern challenges such as emerging zoonotic diseases, food safety, climate change, and antimicrobial resistance. What's more, animal welfare is an essential part of the “One Health” framework, with animal and human health and the environment being interconnected [<span>2</span>].</p><p>Annually, the health of untold millions of lives around the world are threatened by existing or novel emerging zoonotic diseases. Emerging or re-emerging of the zoonotic infectious diseases is suggested to be promoted by increasing human–animal contacts, international trade of animals, and the expansion of global travel [<span>3</span>]. The transmission and epidemic of zoonotic diseases is a dynamic process, which is jointly affected by all relevant links among humans, animals, and environment, forming a complex network. Given the more and more serious and complex epidemic of zoonotic diseases that have become a globally substantial risk to the health of animals and humans, it is clear that the “One Health” concept must be addressed for combating emerging zoonotic diseases at the human–animal–environment interface. When the practice of “One Health” concept is properly implemented, it will be an effective strategy to tackle zoonotic diseases. The European Union and the United States have provided funding to support interdisciplinary research within the “One Health” strategy, such as research on interventions for emerging zoonotic diseases and early warning systems of threats to humans from animals [<span>4</span>]. It is reported that investing in the “One Health” concept to mitigate pandemics by reducing the impact of their underlying drivers are likely to be more effective than business as usual, saving over $300 billion worldwide over the next century [<span>5</span>]. A five-step framework, “Generalizable One Health Framework (GOHF)”, was developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), which provides structure for using the “One Health” approach in zoonotic disease programs being implemented in technical domains including laboratory, surveillance, joint outbreak response, prevention and control, preparedness, communication, and government and policy at the local, sub-national, national, regional, or international level [<span>6</span>]. In China, the “One Health” concept is gaining recognition as an effective way","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"146-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major Causes of Rabies Outbreak in Pastoral Areas of the Somali Region and Importance of the One Health Approach","authors":"Hassan Abdi Hussein","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rabies is a fatal disease caused by a virus belonging to the genus Lyssavirus in the family Rhabdoviridae. The virus has the potential to infect all warm-blooded animals, with primary reservoirs including dogs, wild carnivores (such as foxes, jackals, hyenas, and skunks), and bats. These reservoirs pose a significant public health risk, particularly in regions where human–animal interactions are frequent. The Somali Region in Ethiopia is predominantly home to pastoral and agropastoral communities, which inhabit vast swathes of land with diverse wildlife populations. The coexistence of these communities, domestic animals, and wildlife presents a unique environmental challenge that requires careful management. In times of drought, pastoralists may be compelled to migrate to remote and isolated habitats in search of grazing lands, resulting in heightened interaction between livestock and wildlife. The major causes of rabies outbreaks in the Somali Region include increased interaction between wildlife and livestock in remote pastoral settings without adequate control measures, such as lack of mass vaccination for at-risk dogs, low dog ownership rates, poor animal health infrastructure, limited diagnostic capacity, and weak surveillance systems. Comprehensive response of one-health approach is necessary to prevent and control rabies outbreaks in the Somali Region. These include increasing vaccination coverage for at-risk dogs, improving the animal health infrastructure, enhancing surveillance systems, increasing awareness and education, and strengthening wildlife management. These measures can improve the health and well-being of animals and humans. This review aims to highlight the major causes of rabies outbreaks and the need to implement a one-health approach in the Somali Region.</p>","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146196961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Citedness of Animal Welfare Research in Policy Using the Overton Database","authors":"Nathalie Cornée","doi":"10.1002/aro2.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aro2.70010","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The field of animal welfare research has grown rapidly over the last 20 years [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Although it has been possible to analyze the citation performance of these research works within academia either to understand their scientific significance or for evaluation purposes (and measure the “academic impact”), conducting similar analyses beyond academia has proven to be much more difficult until recently. Nevertheless, demonstrating the “societal impact” of research—its relevance and use beyond academia, particularly in policy—has become increasingly important for researchers. Altmetrics tools have emerged to track how research is cited in non-academic spheres such as news outlets, social media, and policy documents.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This commentary highlights the citedness of peer reviewed animal welfare research in policy. Although this analysis provides insights into citation patterns of the research, further research is needed to contextualize why those outputs got cited by policymakers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Overton is a trusted and comprehensive full text policy document database. These documents produced by government bodies, intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), health agencies, and think tanks are linked to the academic research they cite. Overton also tracks policy to policy citations enabling deeper analysis of how ideas propagate within the policymaking process.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A policy document in Overton is defined “as a publication written by or primarily for policymakers.” This definition intends to be broad in order to capture any publications aimed at policymakers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The database covers documents from over 190 countries and more than 100 IGOs, but there are some geographical disparities due to the availability of the policy documents. Overton only captures policy documents which are available online and this means that the numbers and locations of policy documents in Overton show a bias toward knowledge economies and other countries with a stronger productivity and online presence. Additionally, its coverage of policy documents is strongest from 2015 onward, with 79% of its documents published after 2012.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The commentary analyzed animal welfare research published between 2003 and 2022, using OpenAlex to identify 9315 primary articles. Of these, 4060 had Digital Object Identifier (DOI) bearing in mind that some of the author affiliation data were missing for 19% of DOIs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Five hundred and fifty-eight of those DOIs (14%) were cited by at least one policy document according to Overton. Interestingly, the 2021 Pinheiro study suggested that less than 6% of academic outputs get referenced in policy documents (this percentage tends to fluctuate depending on the research area and also the age of the cited research which has more time to accrue citations) [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. This would indicate that animal welfare is relatively well-represented in policy discussions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Overall, the citation distribution is skewed with nearly half (48%) of the cited","PeriodicalId":100086,"journal":{"name":"Animal Research and One Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"181-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aro2.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}