Animal - Open Space最新文献

{"title":"Exploring critical animal-based traits as potential predictors of production diseases in dairy cattle: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"M. Alrhmoun","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This meta-analysis comprehensively evaluates the impact of production diseases on dairy cattle, examining a variety of physiological, metabolic, and behavioral traits. From an initial set of 3 349 records, a rigorous selection process resulted in 56 relevant articles, highlighting the strict criteria employed. The low inclusion rate of 1.67% underscores the dedication to studying quality and significance. Common reasons for exclusion, such as statistical methodology and the lack of a negative control group, emphasize the necessity for robust scientific investigation. The study reveals key indicators of production diseases, such as decreased milk production, weight loss, a low body condition score, digestive disorders, lameness, and respiratory distress. These findings align with existing knowledge, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of production diseases and their broad impact on dairy cattle health. Diseased animals consistently exhibit higher parameter values, supported by confidence intervals that indicate result precision. Subgroup analyses offer nuanced insights into the specific effects of diseases and interventions on different characteristics. Metritis and Mastitis significantly affect milk production, highlighting the economic implications for dairy farmers. Interventions such as improved milking techniques show promise. Similarly, interventions involving veterinary medications and controlled energy diets effectively mitigate weight loss, a low body condition score, and digestive disorders. The analysis underscores the vulnerability of dairy cattle to reproductive issues, metabolic imbalances, and increased susceptibility to infections. Interventions addressing these challenges include hormone therapy, balanced diets, and vaccination programs. Behavioral changes and feeding habits emerge as significant indicators of dairy cattle well-being. Ovarian cysts are identified as a major contributor to behavioral changes, necessitating targeted interventions. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides valuable contributions to the field of dairy cattle health, offering specific insights into the effects of diseases and the effectiveness of interventions. These findings inform evidence-based practices for dairy stakeholders, ultimately enhancing animal welfare and promoting sustainable dairy production. However, establishing precise reference values presents challenges, warranting further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772694024000062/pdfft?md5=0ca1d266ae08964199a35a130681a906&pid=1-s2.0-S2772694024000062-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A diet containing mango peel silage impacts upon feed intake, energy supply and growth performances of male dairy calves","authors":"K.T. Aung ,&nbsp;K.S. Win ,&nbsp;K.S. Mu ,&nbsp;M. Aung ,&nbsp;Y.Y. Kyawt","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The major challenges for disposal of waste from fruit processing factories are high transportation costs, limited landfill availability and environmental pollution. Therefore, developing efficient waste management techniques to reduce transportation costs and environment pollution is important. In 2021, global mango production was estimated to be at 57 million tons and mango peel (<strong>MP</strong>) represents 7–24% of the whole fruit weight. MP has been considered for use as ruminant feed in the form of fresh, dried, or silage. Fresh MP was abundant during the mango season and high in fermentable carbohydrate, which can easily breakdown and pollute the environment if a proper waste management method is not implemented. Thus, in this study, fresh MP was ensiled after sun-drying for one day and then fed to male dairy calves as a roughage source to evaluate its effect on feed intake, digestibility, energy balance, BW gain, feed efficiency and blood metabolites. Eight growing crossbred weaned male dairy calves (Holstein Friesians × Zebu) were allocated into two groups [Control (n = 4) and mango peel silage (<strong>MPS</strong>, n = 4)]. This experiment lasted for 12 weeks and calves were housed in 3.0 × 1.5 meters individual pen with concrete floor. Before feeding times, the weights of feed ingredients were weighed and mixed for 15 min. Calves were then given their respective diets <em>ad libitum</em> twice a day, at 0800 and 1600 h. Daily feed offered and refusals were recorded to determine the daily feed intake. A digestion trial was performed over the last five days of the experiment. BW and measurements were recorded every two weeks to determine the weight gain and body physical changes. Blood was collected at the end of experiment to analyze serum biochemical parameters. Ensiling improved the energy and protein content and decreased fiber content of MP, thereby improving the forage quality. Feeding a diet containing MPS at 30% of DM weight, compared to an isonitrogenous Control diet increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) feed intake, energy supply and energy balance, changes in body measurements, weight gain, feed efficiency, and glucose concentration, as well as lowered (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the blood urea nitrogen concentration of male dairy calves. Ensiling fresh MP after sun-drying for one day led to stable, high-DM silage. Therefore, ensiling fresh MP could improve the feed supply for ruminant production and be an effective waste management strategy for fruit processing businesses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772694024000098/pdfft?md5=a06d47165fe47494dc789d56f9137a24&pid=1-s2.0-S2772694024000098-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140309371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The role of anti-E. coli antibody from maternal colostrum on the colonization of newborn dairy calves gut with Escherichia coli and the development of clinical diarrhea” [Animal Open Space 2 (2023) 100037]","authors":"V. Gomes ,&nbsp;B.P. Barros ,&nbsp;D.I. Castro-Tardón ,&nbsp;C.C. Martin ,&nbsp;F.C.R. Santos ,&nbsp;T. Knöbl ,&nbsp;B.P. Santarosa ,&nbsp;L.M. Padilha ,&nbsp;D.J. Hurley","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method: eFeederRab: A new electronic feeder to measure individual feed intake−related traits on growing rabbits raised in collective cages","authors":"J.P. Sánchez ,&nbsp;J. Muñoz ,&nbsp;R. Chetrit ,&nbsp;M. Pascual ,&nbsp;M. Piles","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Measuring individual intake in animals raised in groups is a paramount aspect for different fields of animal production, both with a direct implication and relevance on the production itself, i.e. within breeding programmes for the improvement of feed efficiency; or for research in different disciplines such as animal behaviour or animal nutrition. The rabbit is one of the few species for which there is no device for measuring this trait. Thus, we aimed to design and manufacture a feeding device (<strong>eFeederRab</strong>) allowing such recording. In the present study, we describe the methods behind the tool we have developed, accompanying the description with a set of descriptive statistics showing the performance of the tool. We use records from 430 animals belonging to lines selected for different feed efficiency criteria − some of them raised using the eFeederRab -, as well as from their control unselected population. Measurements were taken from 35-38 to 56–59 days of age. The lines selected for reducing residual feed intake clearly show a lower daily feed intake, 8–15% when the lines were compared using eFeederRab, and 7–10% when the lines were compared using conventional feeders. These are clear indications about the validity of the device for recording data to be used in selection to improve feed efficiency, i.e., biologically meaningful records. In spite of the biological relevance of the recorded data, when comparing performances of the lines raised using eFeederRab or conventional feeders, it was evident that feed intake was reduced by around 12–20% when using the electronic feeder, with the subsequence growth penalization. Note however that this penalty is proportional to the intake; therefore, the feed conversion ratio remains fairly similar (2.99–3.13) between the two types of feeders also reflecting the expected tendency according to the different selection criteria across lines. We hypothesise that this reduction in the intake is a consequence of the less comfortable eating posture that eFeederRab imposes: each animal must eat alone and inside a tunnel for leading the animals one by one towards the feeder to grant their proper identification by radio frequency. We can conclude that although the eFeederRab is a device with different animal feeding conditions than those on conventional feeder, the records, despite being noisy, can be successfully used to improve the genetic selection of feed efficiency in rabbits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772694024000141/pdfft?md5=8a817055c4f75be2cc419027f765acf7&pid=1-s2.0-S2772694024000141-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic zinc sources in broiler production at high altitude under on-top supplementation or total or partial replacement: 1. Effects on performance and zinc excretion","authors":"R. Riboty ,&nbsp;J.L. Gaibor ,&nbsp;C.L. Ponce-de-Leon ,&nbsp;D.A. Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Feeding broilers with organic chemical sources of Zn has recently been recommended to improve performance, immune system, carcass yield, and reduce environmental contamination. However, its use under proposed supplementation strategies (i.e., total replacement, partial replacement, on-top) needs further investigation. This study assessed the effect of total replacement, partial replacement, and on-top supplementation strategies to feed organic Zn sources and the effect of two organic chemical forms on performance and Zn excretion in broilers at high altitudes. Twenty-two male Cobb 500-day-old chicks were placed in each of 54 floor pens and raised for up to 42 days under a three-phase feeding program and following the Ecuadorian highland production system. Pens were assigned to one of nine experimental treatments consisting of a basal diet supplemented with 0, 33, and 100 ppm of Zn from ZnSO₄ and added or not 40 ppm Zn from Zn proteinate or Zn amino acid complex. A Completely Randomized Block Design was considered, being the block the replication. The Zn concentration of the basal diet was determined. Feed intake, BW, BW gain, feed conversion ratio, and European Production Efficiency Factor were assessed at 21 and 42 days of age, and the Zn excretion was estimated accordingly. Each supplementation strategy was compared with the standard practice (100 ppm Zn as ZnSO₄) using contrasts and mixed models, and the interaction with the chemical form was assessed considering the <em>P-</em>values of the ANOVA and the multiple comparisons between the corresponding treatments. The effects of the organic Zn forms and their interactions with the dietary Zn level were assessed considering the responses were linear functions of the organic Zn source, the feed intake, the Zn intake, the Zn supplementation level, and the block, as corresponding. None of the strategies to supplement a Zn organic source, or the organic sources themselves, showed overall detectable effects on performance. However, interactions were observed between the supplementation strategy and the organic Zn source and between the organic source and the dietary Zn levels or the Zn intake. Under the on-top supplementation strategy, the Zn organic sources showed different feed conversion ratios at 21 days. In addition, totally or partially replacing the ZnSO₄ with a Zn organic form reduced the Zn excretion. In conclusion, although no overall effect of the supplementation strategies was detected, the assessed organic Zn forms showed different effects on the feed conversion ratio at 21 days.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772694024000013/pdfft?md5=7bb20f2342a5268b2d6f9601a495c5cd&pid=1-s2.0-S2772694024000013-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139700237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating standardized ileal digestible valine requirements for broiler chickens based on two different meta-analytical selection procedures","authors":"M. Zouaoui ,&nbsp;W. Lambert ,&nbsp;M.P. Létourneau-Montminy","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2023.100058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anopes.2023.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A low CP diet is an efficient strategy to decrease the environmental footprint of chicken farms, but this requires a precise knowledge of the requirements for essential amino acids (<strong>AAs</strong>). Many dose–response studies of valine have sought to estimate the standardized ileal digestible (<strong>SID</strong>) Valine (<strong>Val</strong>) requirement. Requirements vary because of many factors, such as differences in broiler ages, genetic strains, basal diet nutritional composition, and statistical model used. The purpose of this study was to estimate the Val requirement of broilers through a meta-analysis performed in two ways: first, based on amino acid requirements (<strong>AminoAcidDB</strong>); and second, based on the significant response (<strong>ResponseDB</strong>) of broilers to SID Val supply. The first database includes 8 papers describing 11 experiments and 63 treatments. The second database includes 17 papers describing 26 experiments and 144 treatments. The quadratic (<strong>QD</strong>) and curvilinear-plateau (<strong>CLP</strong>) models were tested to estimate the SID Val:Lysine (<strong>Lys</strong>) requirement using the average daily gain (<strong>ADG</strong>), average daily feed intake (<strong>ADFI</strong>), and gain-to-feed ratio (<strong>G:F</strong>) as response criteria. The ADFI did not converge with the CLP model in either database. When using the AminoAcidDB with the QD model, the estimated SID Val:Lys requirements (95% of the maximum) were ADG of 84.6%, ADFI of 76.7%, and G:F of 88.6%. With the CLP model, ADG was 82.4% and G:F was 87.1%. In the ResponseDB using the QD model, the SID Val:Lys requirements were 82.0% for ADG, 80.9% for ADFI, and 79.0% for G:F; the CLP model predicted 84.5% for ADG and 83.6% for G:F. This study also confirmed the presence of interactions between branched-chain AA and their impact on broiler performance, with Leu appearing to be the main regulator. In light of this meta-analysis, Val recommendations appear to be underestimated and should consider the influence of other AAs on the response. The results of this meta-analysis will facilitate the implementation of the low CP strategy without affecting broiler performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772694023000225/pdfft?md5=282867dffac64c37105b2869e0e70f30&pid=1-s2.0-S2772694023000225-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139936099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method: Body composition assessment of sows using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry","authors":"J. Heurtault ,&nbsp;G. Maïkoff ,&nbsp;M.P. Létourneau-Montminy ,&nbsp;P. Schlegel","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For about 30 years, the introduction of dual X-ray absorptiometry (<strong>DXA</strong>) scanners in swine research has enabled the non-invasive study of body composition kinetics in animals. So far, the use of DXA technology in swine was focused on piglets, growing pigs up to about 140 kg of BW, as well as carcasses. Due to their size and weight, measuring a sow’s body composition is beyond the technical limits of the device. Furthermore, the chemical composition derived from DXA values is based on equations developed for pigs weighing between 20 and 100 kg. The present aim was to focus on the sow to (1) present a standard operation procedure to obtain the body composition of sows by DXA, and (2) assess the ability of available equations to predict a sow’s chemical body composition. For (1), a study investigated the effect of the animal’s position on DXA body composition. A total of 58 DXA acquisitions of sows were obtained on the standard ventral position (front and back legs extended) and on the lateral position (on left flank with right legs placed inward and left legs placed outward). The predicted BW, lean tissue mass, fat tissue mass, bone mineral content, bone area, and bone mineral density of the standard ventral position from the obtained lateral position resulted in root mean square prediction errors expressed as a percentage of the observed mean value of 0.5, 1.9, 5.0, 2.7, 3.1 and 3.5%, respectively. For (2), 3 sows were scanned alive and then slaughtered to measure chemical composition, then, these results were compared with equations based on growing pig data. The chemical composition of the carcass was predicted more accurately than that of the empty body. Regarding minerals, the Ca and P contents of the empty body were overestimated (12 and 3% respectively), as with the Ca content of the carcass (6%), while the P content of the carcass was underestimated (5%). In conclusion, the proposed material and operation procedure enables the scanning of sows which exceed the maximal specification of a DXA device. Furthermore, before concluding the accuracy of the chemical body composition prediction equations based on DXA data for pigs weighing between 20 and 100 kg, additional data are required to determine their applicability to sows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a multiactivity non-starch polysaccharide degrading enzyme on broiler growth performance and nitrogen utilization: a meta-analysis of own trial data","authors":"A. Godbout ,&nbsp;J. Edwards ,&nbsp;L. Kuterna ,&nbsp;M.-P. Létourneau-Montminy","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adding fiber-rich materials to poultry feed can reduce feed cost, but it increases the content of both soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (<strong>NSPs</strong>) which decreases nutrient availability. A multiactivity enzyme, AveMix® XG 10 containing glucanase and xylanase, has been developed to ensure the breakdown of the total NSP of fiber-rich feed. A meta-analysis was performed to quantify the effects of this enzyme on the growth performance and nitrogen (<strong>N</strong>) utilization of broilers, and identify potential modulating factors. The database was made up of 18 trials for a total of 110 dietary treatments conducted between 2003 and 2021. Broilers were fed either based on wheat or corn, and these received a different coding for statistical analysis. The experimental groups were control diets without enzyme or diets with supplementation of the enzyme (ranging from 25 ppm to 100 ppm). Two sub-databases were created to study the impact of growth phase, one for starter (first phase beginning before 7 days of age; 45 dietary treatments) and another for grower/finisher (ending before or at 42 days of age; 65 dietary treatments). Performance criteria were average daily gain (<strong>ADG</strong>), average daily feed intake (<strong>ADFI</strong>) and feed conversion ratio (<strong>FCR</strong>). During the starter phase, enzyme supplementation at 100 ppm linearly increased ADG (0.81 g/d; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and had no impact on ADFI and FCR. During the grower/finisher phase, 100 ppm supplementation increased the ADG of broilers fed with wheat by 6.89 g/d and by 0.58 g/d for the broilers fed with a corn-based diet (Enzyme, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; Enzyme × Diet type, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). FCR was beneficially reduced by 0.165 for the broilers fed with wheat, and by 0.0471 for the broilers fed with corn (Enzyme, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; Interaction Enzyme × Diet type, <em>P</em> = 0.049). ADFI was unaffected by enzyme supplementation. Analysis of N balance during the increased N retained with enzyme in the starter (<em>P</em> = 0.039). During the grower/finisher phase, the enzyme increased N retained (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and N efficiency (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and decreased N excreted (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). An interaction between enzyme supplementation and diet type for N retained (<em>P</em> = 0.002) and N efficiency (<em>P</em> = 0.010) occurred due to a higher impact on wheat-based diets. This study shows that the use of AveMix® XG 10 improves the broiler growth performance and N efficiency. These improvements are found to be greater with wheat- vs corn-based diets in the grower/finisher phase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772694024000050/pdfft?md5=5185ed76fa74aed1d8edb807f2cd5ca7&pid=1-s2.0-S2772694024000050-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of the digestible energy content of hay for horses from their chemical composition using the National Institute of Agricultural Research system: new models","authors":"W. Martin-Rosset,&nbsp;D. Andueza,&nbsp;M. Vermorel","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Digestible energy (<strong>DE</strong>) accounts for the major fraction of the energy content of hay fed to equines, but DE measurements are difficult to carry out, and researchers have developed models for predicting the DE content of hays for horses from their chemical composition. Digestible energy varies depending on botanical family, species, and agronomic and climatic conditions. A database of 61 hays harvested in a temperate zone (32 natural grassland hays, 16 grass hays and 13 lucerne hays) was set up from studies carried out at the French National Institute of Agricultural Research (<strong>INRA</strong><strong>e</strong>) or extracted from the literature using a similar methodological corpus, to test the relevance of crude fibre (<strong>CF</strong>), NDF, ADF, total free reducing sugars (<strong>TFRS</strong>), CP as potential criteria for the prediction of organic matter digestibility (<strong>OMD</strong>), energy digestibility (<strong>ED</strong>) and digestible energy (<strong>DE</strong>). Models were developed for natural grassland hay, grass hay and lucerne hay. The adjusted cross-validation R² values (R²CV) of the models obtained using CF, ADF or NDF as single variables or in combination with CP for the prediction of OMD, ED and DE of natural grassland hay ranged from 0.84 to 0.86, from 0.83 to 0.86 and from 0.82 to 0.84, respectively. For grass hay, the R²CV were lower and ranged from 0.65 to 0.71, from 0.63 to 0.71 and from 0.62 to 0.68, for the prediction of OMD, ED and DE, respectively. Finally, for lucerne hay, the R²CV ranged from 0.65 to 0.72, from 0.34 to 0.74 and from 0.25 to 0.67, for the prediction of OMD, ED and DE, respectively. The R²CV of the prediction models of ED and DE were more heterogeneous for lucerne hay than for grassland and grass hay. The TFRS content of hay was never a significant predictive variable of OMD, ED or DE, either as single variable or combined with any cell wall content criterion. The models obtained in the present study improved those proposed by INRA to date.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772694024000153/pdfft?md5=b3285527cdb608964b77d490051872e1&pid=1-s2.0-S2772694024000153-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141998325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the breed and litter breed composition on the growth, survival, and health of rabbits","authors":"A. Bigot,&nbsp;D. Savietto,&nbsp;S. Combes,&nbsp;L. Fortun-Lamothe,&nbsp;M. Gunia","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2024.100083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the breed and the litter breed composition on the growth, survival, and health of rabbits. Two genetic types were compared: purebred INRA 1777 (<strong>INRA</strong>) and crossbreed ¾ Fauve-de-Bourgogne × ¼ INRA 1777 (<strong>Crossbreed</strong>). To study the effect of the litter breed composition, two cross-fostering strategies were used for suckled rabbits at birth: within-genetic type and between-genetic type, where the dam raised kits of the same or different genetic types. Litter composition was maintained after weaning. A total of 1 670 growing rabbits were monitored from birth to weaning (at 35 days of age), and then 1 030 rabbits were monitored from weaning to 64 days of age. Four cohorts were raised from September 2019 to April 2020. Health was evaluated using visual health scores and white blood cell counts. Crossbred rabbits had a higher survival rate in the preweaning period (+14.9% points; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and a higher percentage of healthy individuals at 64 days of age (+13.9% points; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) than purebred rabbits, even though the survival rate was equivalent (92%) between the two genetic types in the postweaning period. Crossbred rabbits were lighter than INRA rabbits (−128 g at 64 days of age; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The between-genetic type cross-fostering strategy had a positive effect on survival in the preweaning period (+4.6% points for INRA and +13.3% points for Crossbreed; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to the within-genetic type cross-fostering strategy. No lasting effects of the litter breed composition on postweaning survival or health were observed. Mixing kits of different genetic types within litters may be a strategy to improve the overall herd health and help reduce the use of antibiotics in rabbit farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}