Animal - Open Space最新文献

{"title":"Quantification of the effect of reducing dietary crude protein in broiler chickens on nitrogen flows and litter characteristics by meta-analysis","authors":"T. de Rauglaudre ,&nbsp;B. Méda ,&nbsp;S. Fournel ,&nbsp;M.-P. Létourneau-Montminy","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In broiler chickens, reducing dietary CP content is an effective strategy to improve the efficiency of dietary nitrogen (<strong>N</strong>) utilisation by broilers while reducing N losses through volatilisation. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of lowering dietary CP on N flows (intake, retention, excretion, manure accumulation, and volatilisation). The database included studies that measured N volatilisation using a mass balance approach. A total of nine papers describing 16 trials and 46 observations were found. The effect of CP content on N flow variables was assessed using a linear mixed-effects model with the trial as a random effect. Broilers of the control treatments ingested an average of 4.2 g of N per day and retained an average of 55% of this N. Nitrogen intake that was not retained was excreted (1.9 g/d), and 33% of this excreted N was lost through volatilisation. Reducing dietary CP by 1% point (%-point) decreased N intake by 0.21 g/d (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) without any effect on N retention. Nitrogen excretion and the volatility of excreted N decreased by 0.20 g/d and 4.22%-points, respectively, for each 1%-point reduction in CP content (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The synergy between the reduced excreted N and its volatility decreased the amount of volatilised N by 0.12 g/d (−23%) for every 1%-point reduction in CP content (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Reducing CP content also decreased litter mass (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and increased its DM (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The data presented show that increasing litter DM content (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and lowering pH (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) reduces the volatility of excreted nitrogen. The results of this meta-analysis highlight the benefits of this low-CP diet for reducing N losses, and the equations created can be used in future evaluations of the effects of reducing dietary CP content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “A workflow to study the microbiota profile of piglet’s umbilical cord blood: from sampling to data analysis” [Animal Open Space 2 (2023) 100031]","authors":"Francesco Palumbo ,&nbsp;Marion Girard ,&nbsp;Federico Correa ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Bee ,&nbsp;Paolo Trevisi","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Method: Standard operating procedure for the administration of swallowable devices to study pig’s gut content in a non-invasive way” [Animal Open Space 3 (2024) 100076]","authors":"I. García Viñado ,&nbsp;G. Bee ,&nbsp;P. Trevisi ,&nbsp;C. Ollagnier","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data paper: Pig body composition during growth determined non-destructively or through dissection and intramuscular fat content in different anatomical locations","authors":"M. Font-i-Furnols,&nbsp;A. Brun","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data from the body composition of 90 pigs from three crossbreeds (Duroc × (Landrace × Large White), Pietrain × (Landrace × Large White) and Landrace × Large White) obtained at four different moments during growth (30, 70, 100 and 120 kg BW) are presented. Moreover, a subsample of pigs at 30, 70 and 100 kg as well as all those of 120 kg were slaughtered. All left carcasses were cut following the EU reference cutting and some of them dissected, either through a simplified dissection (four main cuts) or a full dissection (all the cuts except head and front and hind feet). At each target BW, live pigs were scanned by computed tomography (<strong>CT</strong>), providing the volume associated with each Hounsfield value. In addition, several measures (area, thickness, etc.) were obtained from CT images at specific anatomical locations, in order to characterise the body composition. Carcass characteristics (fat and muscle thickness) were also obtained directly from the carcass after slaughter and the weight and intramuscular fat content of three ham muscles and three loin locations were determined. This information can be used to develop growth curves for different tissues and cuts and to understand tissue deposition at various growth stages, either globally across all animals or to compare genotypes. Also, it provides a valuable database for exploring the relationship between whole carcass composition and that of the individual cuts, since it provides both the weight of all the cuts and the different tissue weights from dissections. Moreover, differences between full and simplified dissection can be studied from the database. Intramuscular fat is an important quality trait that affects consumer acceptance of meat, both visually and in terms of eating quality. Usually, intramuscular fat is measured in one muscle, but the database provides information from six different muscle/locations in the pig carcass, allowing a deeper analysis of this attribute. All these data have been used in several publications, but it can be reused and reanalysed using alternative methodologies and for different purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Processing weights of chickens determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: 1. Weight changes due to fasting, bleeding, and chilling” [Animal Open Space 1 (2022) 100024]","authors":"D.A. Martinez,&nbsp;N. Suesuttajit,&nbsp;J.T. Weil,&nbsp;P. Maharjan ,&nbsp;A. Beitia ,&nbsp;K. Hilton ,&nbsp;C. Umberson,&nbsp;A. Scott,&nbsp;C.N. Coon","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method: Using a commercial precision livestock farming activity collar to automatically record and classify dairy cow activity at pasture","authors":"M. Bouchon ,&nbsp;H. Chanel ,&nbsp;L. Rouchez ,&nbsp;B. Martin ,&nbsp;M. Coppa","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precision livestock farming technologies are increasingly being implemented on farms to enhance the management of key processes such as reproduction and feeding. Accelerometer technologies are the most spread and are able to provide a large quantity of data on animal activity. However, these data need to be validated against gold standards before being used further in research. We aim at validating the output from Axel Medria® device, a three-axis accelerometer sensor that automatically processes the raw data and classifies the main activity by 5−min epoch, for which the manufacturer does not disclose the classification algorithm. Two groups of six cows were observed during 30 h each, grazing on pasture, during two trials. The objective was to compare the agreement between sensor data and visual observations at different time windows. We used a confusion matrix analysis to assess the correspondence between visual observation and the output of the Medria algorithm and linear regressions associated along with a Bland-Altman analysis to compare the time budgets retrieved from the two sources. We focused on three activities (grazing, ruminating and resting) and on the posture of the animal (standing/lying). Sensitivity was &gt;73.5% for all activities except for resting (48.8%). Specificity reached 87.6–91.9% for all activities but posture showed a poorer result (67.0%). Nevertheless, accuracy was above 80% for the three activities and the posture and precision were more variable, the best results being obtained for posture (88.3%) and for grazing (93.6%). Linear regressions showed slopes between 0.73 and 0.99 for all activities and of 0.81 for posture, but differences between observers across the two trials have been observed for resting. <em>R</em>² were more variable, ranging from 0.30 (for resting in second year) to 0.84 for grazing. The Bland-Altman analysis showed good results despite significant bias for grazing, rumination and resting (only the first year). Due to the technology embedded in Axel Medria ® sensors, their performances were slightly lower than that of other devices which technologies are more precise for estimating specific behaviour (e.g. recording jaw movements is more precise to detect rumination). Nevertheless, Axel Medria ® sensors can provide indicators on different activities and over longer periods of time. The tested device, largely applied on commercial farms, showed good agreement with visual observation. Data can thus be used as a proxy to study dairy cow behaviour at pasture, on large cow groups over a long time, in experimental or commercial farms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of a product of the solid-state fermentation of Aspergillus niger on the in vitro rumen fermentation kinetics of rations fed to dairy cattle","authors":"S.E. Yerby ,&nbsp;J. Huntington ,&nbsp;H. Warren ,&nbsp;N.N. Jonsson","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to determine the effects of incubating different doses of Synergen® (0, 0.5, 2, 5 mg/g substrate), a product of the solid-state fermentation of <em>Aspergillus niger</em> (<strong>ANP</strong>) containing residual enzyme activities, with two total mixed rations (<strong>TMR</strong>) formulated for dairy cattle, on the kinetics and end products of <em>in vitro</em> rumen fermentation. The inclusion of fungal fermentation products in cattle rations has improved digestibility measures and production performance and, may offer an avenue to improve the sustainability of ruminant production. In this study, a dose-responsive effect was observed for gas production from a high starch TMR over a 72-h incubation; doses of 2 and 5 mg ANP/g substrate significantly increased gas production by 33 ml (<em>P</em> = 0.024) and 32.9 ml (<em>P</em> = 0.025), respectively, compared to controls. However, no effect of treatment was observed on volatile fatty acid composition at the end of incubations. ANP treatment had no effect on the fermentation kinetics of a low starch TMR, suggesting that the dominant effect of treatment was amylolytic. Further research into the effects of ANP in cattle models is required to explore the utility of the product on farm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy, protein, dry matter, and water gap analysis in dairy cows kept under cut and carry fodder-based feeding systems","authors":"O. Umunezero ,&nbsp;C.K. Gachuiri ,&nbsp;M. Mutimura","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A study was conducted to determine the DM, water, protein, and energy intake of lactating dairy cows and compared with their requirements for potential milk production under a cut-and-carry fodder-based feeding system in Rwanda’s lowland and highland regions. Ninety-six dairy cows from 96 smallholder farms were purposively included in the data collection process. Data on feed characterisation were computed using the Farm DESIGN models while data on cows’ production requirements were calculated using LIGAPS dairy models. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a GLM with univariate analysis in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results on feed characteristics showed that the mean nutritive value of the served fodder was 25% DM, 58.5% NDF, 9.8% CP, and 6 MJ of metabolisable energy (<strong>ME</strong>) per kg DM. Results showed the mean daily DM intake was 9 kg, daily water intake 35 L, 898 g of CP, and 55 MJ of ME, resulting in a mean daily milk production of 8.8L across both regions. However, the calculated average requirement for maintaining a dairy cow with a BW of 430 kg and potential milk production of 16.5 L/day was 15 kg of DM, 57 L of water, 1 907 g of CP, and 137 MJ of ME. This resulted in daily deficits of 6 kg DM, 21.6 L of water, 1 094 g of CP, and 83.7 MJ of ME. Available fodder was low in quantity and quality for the provision of nutrients for maintenance and production to express the genetic potential of lactating cows in smallholder farms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method: An alternative tool for heart rate data processing in grazing cattle","authors":"F. Marín ,&nbsp;M. Carriquiry ,&nbsp;H. Naya","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heart rate (<strong>HR</strong>) has proven to be a non-invasive method to assess animal welfare and stress as well as a valuable tool to evaluate several animal traits related to metabolism. Remote sensors have provided the opportunity to monitor this trait individually; nevertheless, this continuous monitoring is prone to measurement errors and thus must be subjected to corrections. Nonetheless, it has proven difficult to establish a general correction method that does not involve a visual examination or does not depend on commercial software related to the measuring sensor. In this sense, this study aimed to develop a simple protocol using R software scripting that could objectively remove erroneous registers from individual 4-day grazing Hereford cattle recordings based on Polar sensors’ data. Using this method, we successfully decreased spurious variation of HR individual records and used this method on other cattle breeds. Nonetheless, calibration could be necessary if the conditions (i.e., other breeds, different physiological states) vary from the ones described in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apparent zinc absorption in Ayrshire and Holstein lactating cows","authors":"M. Duplessis ,&nbsp;F. Hassanat ,&nbsp;C. Côrtes ,&nbsp;C. Benchaar","doi":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anopes.2025.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a lack of data about potential differences in trace mineral absorption within dairy cow breeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate if apparent zinc absorption between Ayrshire and Holstein lactating cows differs. A total of 12 multiparous cows (six Ayrshire and six Holstein) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with periods of 35-day duration (26 days of diet adaptation followed by data collection). Daily intake and total fecal collection were performed on 7 consecutive days. Daily samples of total mixed ration, refusals, and feces were composited by week and analysed for zinc concentration by atomic absorption spectrometry. Apparent absorption was calculated as daily dietary intake minus excretion in feces over dietary intake. The percentage of inclusion of the mineral and vitamin supplement was 1.56 and 1.47% for Ayrshire and Holstein cows, respectively, accounting for different milk production, BW, and DM intake between the two breeds. Dry matter intake of Ayrshire cows averaged 20.5 (standard error (<strong>SE</strong>): 0.8) kg/day and 25.8 (SE: 0.8) kg/day for Holstein cows resulting in a tendency for Holstein cows to ingest greater quantity of zinc. Zinc excretion was significantly greater for Holstein compared to Ayrshire cows but this was not translated into different apparent absorption. Averaged apparent zinc absorption did not differ between breeds and was 21 and 16% for Ayrshire and Holstein, respectively, with a range from −15–31%, regardless of the breed. In summary, averaged apparent zinc absorption was similar between breeds and was in line with the values reported in the literature. However, under the current experimental conditions, the technique using dietary intake minus fecal output to measure apparent zinc absorption led to an important variation between animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100083,"journal":{"name":"Animal - Open Space","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}