Advances in Bamboo Science最新文献

{"title":"Influence of dry etching plasma treatment energy on the Young’s modulus and surface appearance of bamboo fibres","authors":"S. Mosquera G ,&nbsp;A. Mariño C ,&nbsp;P. Luna T","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyzed the effect of dry etching plasma treatment on the Young’s modulus and surface appearance of <em>Guadua angustifolia</em> fibres. The fibres were bombarded with argon ions at different energy levels and exposure times through a dry etching method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that ion bombardment modified the fibre surface morphology, increasing roughness. Using higher plasma energy with shorter exposure times produced similar effects to those obtained with lower energy and longer exposure times. The increase in Young’s modulus was directly related to changes in the fibre’s surface structure. These findings confirm the influence of plasma treatment on the mechanical properties of the fibres and open new possibilities for their application as a reinforcement in composite materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential barriers to bamboo-based carbon credit initiatives in Nepal: What stands in the way?","authors":"Santosh Ayer","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo, often referred to as “green gold”, has emerged as a promising nature-based solution for climate change mitigation due to its rapid growth rate and carbon sequestration capacity. With over 53 species across 12 genera distributed from the Terai lowlands to the Himalayan foothills, Nepal holds substantial potential to engage in bamboo-based carbon credit mechanisms. To support this potential, I conducted a narrative review focused on Nepal-specific literature, complemented by global sources to contextualize broader methodological and policy gaps that constrain bamboo’s integration into carbon markets. Globally, bamboo remains underrepresented in carbon certification frameworks due to the absence of recognized methodologies, standardized measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) protocols, and its classification as a non-timber forest product. These global limitations pose additional barriers for countries like Nepal, where bamboo is largely cultivated outside traditional forest areas. In addition, key challenges for Nepal include: (1) inadequate bamboo species documentation and distribution mapping, (2) lack of structured silvicultural management practices, (3) absence of species-specific allometric models for biomass estimation, and (4) policy and institutional gaps that exclude bamboo ecosystems—particularly those outside forests—from REDD+ and national carbon frameworks. Financial and market-related constraints, such as high project registration costs, volatile carbon pricing, and limited access to certification mechanisms, further hinder participation. While existing studies highlight bamboo’s carbon sink potential, more accurate species-level data, spatial inventories, and carbon accounting tools are required to support reliable stock estimation. Based on my findings, I recommend that Nepal should revise its national forest definition to include bamboo, develop bamboo-specific MRV protocols, clarify carbon rights, and introduce targeted financial incentives to facilitate bamboo’s inclusion in both compliance and voluntary carbon markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards green composites: Composites reinforced with bamboo fibre mats","authors":"R. Udhayasankar,&nbsp;R. Sathish Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The need to protect the environment has led to the development of eco-friendly materials. In this context, green composites have been created using bamboo fibre mat (BF) as the primary reinforcement, polylactic acid (PLA) as the matrix, and nano silica as a filler material. Bamboo fibre is significant because it is renewable, biodegradable and widely available, making it an excellent alternative to synthetic materials. In this study, six composite samples were fabricated by varying the weight percentages of PLA, bamboo fibre mat and nano silica. We evaluated the properties of these fabricated composites. Experimental observations revealed that Sample S4 exhibited the best mechanical properties, including the highest tensile strength and stiffness, as well as improved water absorption and thermal stability compared to the other samples. Sample S6 (50 % PLA, 25 % bamboo fibre, 25 % nano silica) had a lower density due to the presence of more voids. Scanning electron microscopy images of Sample S4 (70 % PLA, 15 % bamboo fibre, 15 % nano silica) showed a uniform distribution of nano silica fillers throughout the PLA matrix. Additionally, Sample S5 (60 % PLA, 20 % bamboo fibre, 20 % nano silica)) demonstrated good interaction between nano silica, PLA and the natural fibres, which facilitated better material integration. Our results suggest that these biocomposites could serve as effective and sustainable materials for various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional evaluation of bamboo leaf-based pellets for livestock in northeastern India","authors":"S. Krishnamoorthi ,&nbsp;M.P. Divya ,&nbsp;R. Ravi ,&nbsp;V. George Jenner ,&nbsp;M. Raveendran ,&nbsp;P. Hemalatha","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for green and dry fodder is projected to reach 1012 million tonnes and 631 million tonnes, respectively, by 2050. In this context, bamboos are a promising alternative for addressing the growing demand for both green and dry fodder due to consistent biomass production throughout the year, making it a valuable resource. Bamboo is abundant in northeastern India, particularly in Tripura, and offers a possible renewable fodder resource for livestock. This study explores the potential of bamboo species (<em>Melocanna baccifera</em>, <em>Bambusa vulgaris</em> and <em>Bambusa polymorpha</em>) for producing high quality, nutrient rich, leaf-based pellets produced using a portable pelleting machine.The results showed that a composite containing <em>Melocanna baccifera</em> with groundnut oil cake (15 %), rice bran (4 %), maize grain (4 %), finger millet grains (4 %), molasses (1 %), mineral mixture (1 %) and salt (1 %) exhibited better quality, based on nutritional, anti-nutritional and palatability in terms of maximum crude protein (19.86 %) and carbohydrates (40.10 %). The minimum moisture content (8.00 %), ash content (8.88 %), crude fat (3.34 %), crude fibre (21.90 %), total nitrates (0.022 %), total phenols (0.73 %), total tannin (0.17 %) and total silica (1.80 %) were all considered to be good. We suggest that bamboo leaf-based pellets are a promising alternative to conventional fodder, offering a sustainable and nutritionally superior option to support India's growing livestock sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of fluff from bamboo as source of fibre for the production of hygiene products","authors":"Gunjan Dhiman,&nbsp;Arvind Sharma,&nbsp;Deepak Sharma,&nbsp;Priti S. Lal","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work explores the utilization of the bamboo <em>Dendrocalamus strictus</em> in place of softwood for the production of fluff. Unbleached kraft bamboo pulp was prepared using Kraft pulping. Pulping was done by applying 19 % chemical charge (as Na₂O) to get the desired kappa number (14.5) of unbleached pulp. The unbleached bamboo pulp was bleached through ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) and TCF (Total Chlorine Free) bleaching sequences to assess the impact of bleaching chemicals on fluff properties. A Sprout Waldron lab disc refiner was used to hammer the bleached bamboo pulp into fluff. FE-SEM images clearly showed the difference in fibre morphology before and after hammering. The bamboo fluff was analyzed for various parameters and compared to softwood fluff. The results established the suitability of bamboo as a source of fibre for the production of fluff. Morphological characteristics of bamboo and softwood before and after refining were compared to check the impact on fibre properties. After hammering, the pulp fibre was shortened. ECF bleached pulp demanded more energy than TCF bleached pulp during hammering. The physical strength properties of both bamboo ECF fluff and bamboo TCF fluff pads were also determined and compared with softwood fluff.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioenergy potential of Kauayan tinik (Bambusa spinosa Roxb.) and Kauayan kiling (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C.Wendl): Culm height section analysis","authors":"Celine Rose S. Jimenez,&nbsp;Anniver Ryan P. Lapuz,&nbsp;Amando Allan D.M. Bondad,&nbsp;Cheyenne R. Marqueses,&nbsp;Ma. Cecile B. Zamora","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the energy potential of two Philippine bamboo species, <em>Bambusa spinosa</em> (known locally as Kauayan tinik) and <em>Bambusa vulgaris</em> (known as Kauayan kiling), by analyzing moisture content, relative density, proximate composition, ash basic oxide composition, gross calorific value and energy density across different culm height sections (bottom, middle and top). Moisture content significantly decreased from bottom to top, while relative density showed the opposite trend, with a strong negative correlation observed, particularly in <em>B. spinosa</em>. Proximate analysis revealed that the bottom and middle sections of both bamboo species had higher volatile matter and fixed carbon, along with lower ash content. In both bamboo species, the ash contained more CaO than MnO and Fe₂O₃, while the top section of the culm had the lowest levels of all identified basic oxide components. This top section also exhibited the highest energy density, suggesting greater potential suitability for biomass energy generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nursery level bamboo plant species classification using Deep Learning","authors":"Pranjali Prashant Joshi ,&nbsp;Anant M. Bagade","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboos are of considerable value in farming and are considered as a multi-utility “Green Gold” resource. They also play a crucial role in supporting human life due to their environmental significance. Several bamboo species are difficult to classify manually using traditional methods. Due to the subtle differences in anatomy, their visual identification requires much field experience and expertise. This raises challenges for visual identification and suggests that the use of modern technologies could help with their identification. Accurate identification would assist in choosing the appropriate species for cultivation and would help ensure the appropriate species for various end-use applications. In this study, deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) were used for the automated identification of bamboos growing in nurseries. We created a bamboo image dataset comprising of 800 plant images and 4000 augmented images. These were categorized into four distinct species. We used transfer learning methods with and without image augmentation. The results revealed that DenseNet121, VGG16, VGG19 and MobileNetV2 could identify plants with an accuracy of 80.83 %, 82.92 %, 84.17 % and 76.67 %, respectively, without augmentation and with 83.37 %, 95.87 %, 96.37 % and 88.12 % accuracy, respectively, with augmentation. We introduced a Classifusion approach to classification which resulted in an accuracy rate of 97.37 % for augmented images. The results of this work should help farmers and novice users to identify species automatically at the nursery stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing the potentials of bamboo as a sustainable feedstock for bioenergy production","authors":"Omojola Awogbemi ,&nbsp;Dawood A. Desai","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising global population, dwindling fossil-based energy reserves and grave environmental concerns have made the search for affordable, renewable and sustainable energy sources more compelling. Bioenergy has become one of the viable alternatives for fossil-based energy sources and a prominent part of the global energy mix. We review the application of bamboo as a feedstock for the generation of various forms of bioenergy. We give an overview of the global market size, cultivation, harvesting, pretreatment techniques, properties and characterization of bamboo as a promising lignocellulosic biomass for bioenergy production. The processes for the conversion of bamboo into pellets, briquettes, biochar, bioethanol, biooil, biobutanol, syngas, biogas and biomethane are highlighted. The deployment of bamboo as feedstock for bioenergy generation is cost-effective, sustainable, ensures high conversion efficiency and generates high bioenergy yield and quality. The limitations of deforestation, land allocation, water use concerns, scalability, lack of biomass bioenergy market and inconsistent policies can be solved through the institution and funding of more novel research and the enactment of appropriate policies and regulations. Further studies into the optimization of bamboo species, process parameters, reactor configurations, development of integrated pretreatment techniques, genetic modification of bamboo, life cycle and environmental impact assessments, and sustainability will advance bamboo bioenergy research. More innovative research and development, development of academia and industry players’ cooperation, enactment and implementation of ethical, legal, and regulatory frameworks, and incentivizing the bamboo bioenergy market are recommended to ameliorate the identified challenges limiting the development of bamboo bioenergy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and mechanical properties of highland bamboo (Oldeania alpina (K.Schum.) Stapleton) landraces and culm sections growing at Banja District, Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Zemenu Bantie ,&nbsp;Abera Getahun Tegegne ,&nbsp;Yohannis Gebremariam","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bamboo is the most versatile plant on the earth and is an important alternative construction material. Ethiopia has two native bamboo species (<em>Oxytenanthera abyssinica</em> and <em>Oldeania alpina</em>). <em>O. alpina</em> is the most important and widely distributed species. The landraces of this species are characterised by differing morphological and mechanical characteristics. Three <em>O. alpina</em> landraces in Banja district, Ethiopia, were used to investigate the effects of landraces and culm sections on the physical and mechanical properties of the culms. Nine culms from each of the three landraces were harvested to examine their physical and mechanical properties. Harvested culms were divided into three sections along the culm length, i.e., bottom, middle and top. Data were analysed with factorial two-way ANOVA and correlation tests. We conducted Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test for parameters that were significant. We found an interaction effect of landraces and culm sections on moisture content and oven dry density. Culm density was highest in the top section the red landrace, followed by the top section of the black landrace, the middle section of the red landrace, the top section of the striped landrace, the middle section of the striped landrace, the bottom section of the striped landrace, the bottom section of the red landrace, the middle section of the black landrace and finally the bottom section of the black landrace. There was a significant difference in tangential and radial shrinkage between landraces and culm sections. There was also a significant interaction effect of compression strength between landraces and culm sections. The top section of the red landrace, the top section of the black landrace and the middle section of the red landrace had the highest to lowest compression strength, respectively. The effect of landrace and culm section on modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture were significantly different. The strength of the bamboo culms was strongly correlated with their moisture contents. Moisture content was negatively correlated with compression energy, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. We recommend that producers develop bamboo-based products based on their physical and mechanical properties to meet product standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils from two Guadua species (Poaceae, Bambusoideae)","authors":"Danielle C.S. de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Felipe A. Nunes ,&nbsp;Tomáš Bílek ,&nbsp;Cynthia Murakami ,&nbsp;Maria Tereza Grombone-Guaratini ,&nbsp;Paulo Roberto H. Moreno","doi":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bamboo.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The chemical composition of the essential oil from <em>Guadua angustifolia</em> and <em>G. chacoensis</em>, two morphologically closely related species was evaluated by GC-MS. The objective was to compare the essential oil compositions of these species to facilitate their botanical differentiation. In addition, we aimed to uncover novel applications for these valuable bamboo species by evaluating their antimicrobial properties. The comparative analysis of the essential oils presented different major components in the species: hexahydrofarnesyl acetone and (<em>E)</em>-phytol for <em>G. angustifolia</em>, and (<em>E)</em>-β-ionone, hexadecanoic acid and (<em>E)</em>-α-ionone for <em>G. chacoensis</em>. These results show the potential of chemotaxonomic analyses as a cost-effective method for species differentiation within the <em>Guadua angustifolia</em> complex. The antimicrobial activity was assayed against <em>Aspergillus brasiliensis</em>, <em>Candida albicans</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, but none of the oils presented a considerable activity with MIC values being above 500 µg/mL. However, some sensitivity was observed, particularly for <em>E. coli</em> and <em>C. albicans</em>. This research provides the first insights into the volatiles of American bamboo and their bioactive characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100040,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Bamboo Science","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}