AAPPS Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Quantum Lifshitz points in an altermagnetic superconductor","authors":"Hui Hu,&nbsp;Xia-Ji Liu","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00178-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00178-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We predict the existence of two tri-critical quantum Lifshitz points in recently discovered <i>d</i>-wave altermagnetic metals subjected to an external magnetic field. These points connect a spatially modulated Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase, a uniform polarized Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) superconducting phase, and the normal metallic phase in a nontrivial manner. Depending on whether the FFLO state is primarily induced by the magnetic field or by <i>d</i>-wave altermagnetism, we classify the corresponding Lifshitz points as field-driven or altermagnetism-driven, respectively. Notably, the two types exhibit distinct behaviors: the transition from the FFLO phase to the polarized BCS phase is first-order near the field-driven Lifshitz point, as might be expected, whereas it becomes continuous near the altermagnetism-driven Lifshitz point. We further explore the effects of finite temperature and find that the altermagnetism-driven Lifshitz point is significantly more sensitive to thermal fluctuations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00178-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145675034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of heat and charge transport in strongly magnetized relativistic plasmas","authors":"Igor A. Shovkovy,&nbsp;Ritesh Ghosh","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00174-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00174-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We review field-theoretic studies of charge transport in hot relativistic plasmas under strong magnetic fields and extend the analysis to thermal conductivity. The calculations rely on accurately determining the fermion damping rate. Using the Landau-level representation, these damping rates are computed exactly at leading order and incorporated into the Kubo formula to obtain the thermal and electrical conductivity tensors. Our analysis reveals that the mechanisms underlying longitudinal and transverse transport differ significantly. Strong magnetic fields markedly suppress transverse charge transport by confining particles within localized Landau orbits, allowing transport only through quantum transitions between these discrete states. In contrast, longitudinal charge transport is enhanced, as it primarily depends on the reduced scattering probability of particles moving along the direction of the magnetic field. The anisotropy of thermal conductivity is also non-trivial but less pronounced since its underlying transport mechanism is different. We also examine the modification of the Wiedemann–Franz law in strongly magnetized plasmas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00174-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145561213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of shock wave for triggering avalanche chain reactions via mixing ICF and MCF","authors":"Seyede Nasrin Hosseinimotlagh,&nbsp;Abuzar Shakeri","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00173-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00173-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A proton beam is produced at a velocity of the order of <span>({10}^{9} cm/s)</span> to interact with an uncharged hydrogen-boron medium such as <span>({H}_{3}B)</span>. The generated charged particles are confined by electromagnetic fields. This is the basic concept of the new non-thermal fusion reactor. An external electric field is applied to prevent the energy loss of the proton particles by friction, due to their interaction with the electrons of the medium, to keep the proton-boron fusion at a maximum cross-section. Alphas produced by <span>(p{B}^{11})</span> fusion undergo nuclear elastic collisions with surrounding protons, triggering a <span>(p{B}^{11})</span> CR. The aim of this paper is to estimate the key parameters related to the performance of a new fusion reactor with neutron-free fusion fuel <span>(p{B}^{11})</span> considering the production of alpha particle avalanches by presenting only the main physical processes and not a complete engineering design. To achieve this goal, a conceptual fusion reactor is proposed in this work using laser-plasma interactions and magnetic confinement configurations. The final result of our work considering this new reactor shows that it is possible to achieve fusion energy gain about 115, which is much higher than other cases examined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00173-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145510523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"News and views (9&10)","authors":"AAPPS Bulletin","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00172-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00172-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00172-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145456634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rocket models for double-shell capsules at 100 kJ laser facility","authors":"W. L. Shang,&nbsp;W. Jiang,&nbsp;H. Li,&nbsp;L. Yao,&nbsp;J. H. Zheng,&nbsp;L. Y. Kuang,&nbsp;Y. T. Yuan,&nbsp;S. Y. Tu,&nbsp;Y. D. Pu,&nbsp;W. Y. Miao,&nbsp;T. X. Huang,&nbsp;Z. C. Li,&nbsp;L. Guo,&nbsp;D. Yang,&nbsp;W. M. Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00171-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00171-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Indirect-drive double-shell implosions have been performed at 100 kJ laser facility in China. The system of differential equations for the unablated mass, the average implosion velocity, and the ablation front radius of an outer shell within an indirect-drive double-shell capsule during acceleraction and deceleraction phases has been proposed from conservation principles of hydrodynamics. In addition, corrected rocket model for the inner shell has been built; the radius and velocity of the outer surface of the inner shell, as well as the radius and velocity of the inner shell mass center, are solved and give simple expressions. These relations provide the maximum implosion velocity and remaining unablated mass in terms of the initial capsule and the radiation temperature. These results are compared with numerical simulations, and good agreements have been observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00171-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145405556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of rare-earth doping on the magnetic properties of orthochromates: a machine learning approach","authors":"Guanping Xu,&nbsp;Zirui Zhao,&nbsp;Muqing Su,&nbsp;Hai-Feng Li","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00175-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00175-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiferroic materials, particularly rare-earth orthochromates (RECrO<span>(_3)</span>), have garnered significant interest due to their unique magnetic and electric-polar properties, making them promising candidates for multifunctional devices. Although extensive research has been conducted on their antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition temperature (N<span>(acute{mathrm{e}})</span>el temperature, <span>(T_mathrm{N})</span>), ferroelectricity, and piezoelectricity, the effects of doping and substitution of rare-earth (RE) elements on these properties remain insufficiently explored. In this study, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were employed to predict and analyze the physical properties of RECrO<span>(_3)</span> compounds under various doping scenarios. Experimental and literature data were integrated to train machine learning models, enabling accurate predictions of <span>(T_mathrm{N})</span>, besides remanent polarization (<span>(P_mathrm{r})</span>) and piezoelectric coefficients (<span>(d_{33})</span>). The results indicate that doping with specific RE elements significantly impacts <span>(T_mathrm{N})</span>, with optimal doping levels identified for enhanced performance. Furthermore, high-entropy RECrO<span>(_3)</span> compounds were systematically analyzed, demonstrating how the inclusion of multiple RE elements influences magnetic properties. This work establishes a robust framework for predicting and optimizing the properties of RECrO<span>(_3)</span> materials, offering valuable insights into their potential applications in energy storage and sensor technologies.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00175-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145406278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exceptional point rings and (mathcal{P}mathcal{T})-symmetry in the non-Hermitian XY model","authors":"Robert A. Henry,&nbsp;D. C. Liu,&nbsp;Murray T. Batchelor","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00170-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00170-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The XY spin chain is a paradigmatic example of a model solved by free fermions, in which the energy eigenspectrum is built from combinations of quasi-energies. In this article, we show that by extending the XY model’s anisotropy parameter <span>(lambda)</span> to complex values, it is possible for two of the quasi-energies to become degenerate. In the non-Hermitian XY model, these quasi-energy degeneracies give rise to exceptional points (EPs) where eigenvalues and their corresponding eigenvectors coalesce. The distinct <span>(lambda)</span> values at which EPs appear form concentric rings in the complex plane which are shown in the infinite system size limit to converge to the unit circle coinciding with the boundary between distinct topological phases. The non-Hermitian model is also seen to possess a line of broken <span>(mathcal{P}mathcal{T})</span> symmetry along the pure imaginary <span>(lambda)</span>-axis. For finite systems, there are four EP values on this broken <span>(mathcal{P}mathcal{T})</span>-symmetric line if the system size is a multiple of 4.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00170-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum network applications in 6G paradigm","authors":"Chitra Shukla,&nbsp;Junaid ur Rehman,&nbsp;Symeon Chatzinotas","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00169-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00169-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past four decades, quantum communication has evolved as a dynamic interdisciplinary field, advancing theoretical concepts and practical implementations. This article provides a concise overview focusing on recent progress in different aspects of secure quantum communication and quantum computation protocols, which can be applied to several real-world applications in quantum networks. These protocols guarantee unconditional security while enhancing communication rates and computation capabilities by harnessing quantum advantages. We also explore the role of non-terrestrial networks in quantum applications, with a focus on quantum technologies such as quantum key distribution and beyond, suitable for satellite-based applications. These technologies can contribute to future extensions of the quantum internet across intercontinental territories, connecting complex quantum network applications. Further, we delve into discussing the integration of quantum communication into 6G technology. The key innovation of this article lies in integrating quantum communication into 6G networks through a novel system-level simulation framework. 6G-enabled quantum networks are expected to meet the high demands on ubiquitous coverage, data rate, latency, and energy consumption. To address these issues, we design and evaluate four traffic demand scenarios using numerical simulation, illustrating how superdense coding doubles the data transmission rate and fulfills the high traffic demands on data rate, while under low traffic demand, entanglement resources can be reserved for future applications. Specifically, our investigation demonstrates how resource utilization adapts to different traffic demands, with adjustments based on available resources and practical constraints, evaluated over an ideal noise-free communication channel. The proof-of-work simulation is implemented using Python and is based on the system model we designed for varying traffic demands to pave the way for efficient quantum networks and gain deeper insights into their feasibility with available resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00169-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving qubit reduction for molecular simulations with randomized orbital sampling","authors":"Yoga A. Darmawan,&nbsp;Angga D. Fauzi,&nbsp;Yanoar P. Sarwono,&nbsp;Rui-Qin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00167-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00167-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Near-term quantum devices offer promising avenues for addressing the electronic structure problem in quantum chemistry, yet their limited qubits and susceptibility to noise constrain algorithmic scalability. Although the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) has shown potential for small-scale systems, further improvements are necessary to handle large basis sets and large many-electron molecules efficiently. In this work, we introduce RO-VQE, an improved approach derived from the earlier optimized orbital algorithm that employs a randomized procedure for selecting and optimizing orbitals. We evaluate RO-VQE on hydrogen chains systems (H₂ and H₄)—a well-established benchmark for quantum chemistry methods—using minimal, split-valence, and correlation-consistent basis sets. For these systems, RO-VQE improves ground-state energy estimations compared to conventional VQE methods, matching the accuracy of systematic strategies in these test cases. These proof-of-concept results suggest that randomized active-space selection may offer a practical compromise in NISQ-era quantum computations, offering a flexible alternative to more deterministic methods, particularly for systems constrained by limited quantum resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00167-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the X(4475), X(4500), (Z_{bar{c}bar{s}}(4600)), and related tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules","authors":"Zhi-Gang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s43673-025-00159-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-025-00159-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we introduce an explicit P-wave to construct the diquarks <span>([qc]_{widehat{V}})</span>, then construct the local four-quark currents to explore the hidden-charm tetraquark states with the <span>(J^{PC}=0^{++})</span>, <span>(1^{+-})</span>, and <span>(2^{++})</span> in the framework of the QCD sum rules at length. Our calculations indicate that the light-flavor <i>SU</i>(3) breaking effects on the tetraquark masses are tiny. The predictions support assigning the <i>X</i>(4475) and <i>X</i>(4500) as the <span>([uc]_{widehat{V}}[overline{uc}]_{widehat{V}}-[dc]_{widehat{V}}[overline{dc}]_{widehat{V}})</span> and <span>([sc]_{widehat{V}}[overline{sc}]_{widehat{V}})</span> tetraquark states with the <span>(J^{PC}=0^{++})</span> respectively, and assigning the <span>(Z_{c}(4600))</span> and <span>(Z_{bar{c}bar{s}}(4600))</span> as the <span>([uc]_{widehat{V}}[overline{dc}]_{widehat{V}})</span> and <span>([qc]_{widehat{V}}[overline{sc}]_{widehat{V}})</span> tetraquark states with the <span>(J^{PC}=1^{+-})</span> respectively. On the other hand, there is no room for the <i>X</i>(4710) and <i>X</i>(4700). Combined with previous works, the <i>X</i>(4475), <i>X</i>(4500), <span>(Z_{c}(4600))</span>, and <span>(Z_{bar{c}bar{s}}(4600))</span> might have other important Fock components besides the <span>(widehat{V}widehat{V})</span> type components.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-025-00159-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}