ieeexplore最新文献

{"title":"A Motion-Induced Eddy Current Excitation Source Structure for Improving the Signal of Buried Defects","authors":"Bingkun Wei;Lisha Peng;Jinghua Zhang;Shuzhi Wen;Shisong Li;Songling Huang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581573","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing demand for stainless-steel strips, accurately detecting defects during high-speed production has become essential for ensuring product quality. Motion-induced eddy current (MIEC) testing is a nondestructive testing (NDT) method particularly suitable for detecting defects in high-speed moving materials. Existing research typically utilizes a single permanent magnet as the excitation source to detect surface defects, without optimizing the excitation structure for the detection of buried defects. In this study, an opposing-pole structure is proposed. The magnetic field characteristics of this structure are theoretically analyzed, and its design parameters are optimized through numerical simulations. Based on the simulation results, an experimental platform is established to validate the effectiveness of the proposed structure. Experimental results show that, when detecting five types of groove-shaped defects buried 0.5 mm below the surface of 316 stainless steel, the MIEC signal amplitude obtained using the opposing-pole structure is more than 125% of that generated by the single-magnet excitation structure. Furthermore, the signal enhancement decreases with defect size, confirming the superior performance of the opposing-pole structure for detecting deeply buried defects.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"29545-29552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decomposed Multiobjective Wolf Pack Algorithm for Resource Allocation and Task Scheduling in Computing Networks","authors":"Lijuan Wu;Li Lv;Jeng-Shyang Pan;Hui Wang;Ivan Lee","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581619","url":null,"abstract":"In computing networks, resource allocation disorder and task scheduling imbalance can lead to problems such as long latency, high energy consumption, and high cost. To address these issues, a computing network model integrating nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and wireless charging at base stations is constructed, and a decomposed multiobjective wolf pack algorithm (MOWPA) is proposed to jointly optimize resource allocation and task scheduling. The uplink of the network uses NOMA technology, which allows multiple users to share the same subchannel and greatly improves the efficiency of spectrum utilization. The introduction of wireless charging technology at the base station ensures that users can complete their computing tasks without interruption and reduces maintenance costs. In the algorithm design, the decomposition strategy is introduced into the MOWPA to screen the initial population by polynomial mutation operator and differential evolution operator to improve the diversity of the initial population. To help the algorithm escape from local optimum, the mutation operator is introduced to generate new elements, so that the population can explore a wider solution space. The experimental results show that when the number of users reaches 40, the algorithm achieves average improvements of over 22.47%, 27.82%, and 25.58% in computing delay, energy consumption, and cost, respectively. Compared with the other 10 algorithms, it significantly improves the user experience and resource utilization.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"30005-30019"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Precision and Fast BOTDA Sensing Based on Super-Resolution Reconstruction Assistance","authors":"Zhihao Zhang;Xiaole Ma;Ziyang Wang;Liang Wang;Yuhao Qian;Chao Shang;Kuanglu Yu","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581796","url":null,"abstract":"The sensing performance of the Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) is typically limited by the frequency sweep interval, average times of time-domain trace, and the accuracy and efficiency of Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) extraction. To enhance the accuracy and response speed of BOTDA without increasing system complexity, we proposed a BFS extraction method (SuperBFSNet) with super-resolution (SR) reconstruction assistance. This method combines SR reconstruction technology to rapidly and accurately extract BFS from low-resolution Brillouin gain spectra (BGSLR) measured under a large sweep interval. The accuracy and robustness of this method under different measurement conditions were experimentally evaluated and compared with traditional Lorentz curve fitting (LCF) and reconstruction fitting based on artificial neural network (ANN) methods. Experimental results show that when the frequency sweep interval is increased by a factor of 10, SuperBFSNet exhibits smaller measurement deviations and higher stability over a wider temperature range, with a temperature linear fitting determination coefficient of 0.9984, without sacrificing spatial resolution accuracy. Furthermore, when the number of averages is greater than 50, the average BFS uncertainty at the end of the optical fiber is 0.48 MHz. This represents a 48% improvement compared to LCF extraction of 1-MHz measured Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS), with an 85% reduction in data processing time. Simultaneously, the system measurement time and data volume are reduced to 1/10.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"29150-29160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UWB On-Body Channel Modeling and Analysis for Diverse Indian Dance Forms","authors":"Yashika Chauhan;Deepika Sipal","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581800","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an ultrawideband (UWB) on-body channel has been modeled and empirically analyzed across various on-body channel links, with multiple variations introduced by different Indian dance forms (IDFs). A comprehensive system-level analysis is conducted using root mean square (rms) delay spread (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$sigma _{tau }text {)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and bit error rate (BER) to quantify the system performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed UWB wireless body area network (WBAN) has signal reliability when measured through a cumulative distribution function (cdf), representing a unique pattern for various IDFs and BER <inline-formula> <tex-math>$lt 10^{-{4}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. First-order statistics, such as <inline-formula> <tex-math>$sigma _{tau }^{}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and BER, give an average view, which requires further investigation. Level crossing rate (LCR), average fade duration (AFD), and fade probability [Pr(F)] are second-order statistics that enhance the channel analysis by providing the detailed information on signal variability over time. In addition, a BER versus channel model (CM) analysis is conducted for Nakagami, Rician, Rayleigh fading, and proposed CMs. The proposed CM exhibited superior performance due to its flexibility in accommodating various fading conditions, highlighting its suitability to track the dance performance. The validity of the proposed CM is further confirmed using akaike information criteria (AICs), reinforcing its suitability for accurate on-body channel characterization. The classification of IDFs is achieved using statistical features derived from the <inline-formula> <tex-math>$S_{{21}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> parameter and evaluated via fivefold cross validation, yielding a mean classification accuracy of 94.88%. The proposed system achieves better performance than convolutional neural network (CNN)- and long short-term memory (LSTM)-based classifiers and is suitable for low-complexity, real-time implementation. This information is vital for optimizing system performance in fluctuating environments.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"28560-28567"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Comparative Analysis of High-Speed Industrial Fan RPM Measurement Using Noncontact UWB, FMCW, and CW Radars","authors":"Seongkwon Yoon;Shahzad Ahmed;Sohaib Abdullah;Sung Ho Cho","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581294","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial air-handling units (AHUs) are an integral part of smart buildings that ensure proper heating, air-conditioning, and air ventilation. Measuring the speed of an industrial fan in terms of revolutions per minute (RPM) plays an important role in determining the optimum airflow in a building, improving energy efficiency, and extending the life span of the rotary parts. This study, the first of its kind, provides a comprehensive framework for remotely measuring the RPM of the electric (room) fans and industrial AHU fans using impulse-radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB), continuous-wave (CW), and frequency-modulated CW (FMCW) radars. A detailed performance comparison of all the radars for RPM measurement is also performed. Data acquisition was conducted under various environmental and operational conditions, by employing three radar systems and a ground-truth reference sensor. Because the UWB and FMCW radars can measure the distance of the target (fan), the proposed strategy works by finding the fan location followed by extracting the RPM by observing phase variations. Through experimental verification, it was found that the maximum peak (MP) near the radar may not be the optimum location for extracting the RPM. Instead, the first peak among the cluster of peaks near the fan, termed the onset peak (OP), showed a lower error rate. The OP approach provides significantly higher accuracy than the MP method by accurately finding the rotations corresponding to the rotary part of the fan, rather than the secondary fan structures. Specifically, the OP spectrum clearly isolates the fan rotational frequency peak, effectively reducing the error. Consequently, an algorithm to find the OP is also included. In contrast, the CW radar directly utilizes Doppler information for RPM measurement. Furthermore, a comparative analysis suggests that the FMCW and UWB radars outperformed the CW radar at close distances, whereas at the farthest distance, the CW radar performed better.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"30216-30226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11051018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the Performance of a New Type of Marine Permanent Magnet Vibration- Damping Thrust Bearing","authors":"Zhongsheng Liang;Yuejian Chen;Yihao Sun;Zhongliang Xie;Bin Zhao;Kuan Lu;Du Peng;Pengfei Liang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581209","url":null,"abstract":"The longitudinal vibration of the propulsion shaft system not only has a harmful impact on the shaft system itself, but also transmits the vibration of the power device to the ship through thrust bearings and other shaft support components, causing ship vibration and generating radiated noise. This article is based on magnetic support technology, a new permanent magnet vibration-damping thrust bearing is designed, and experimental research on its vibration-damping effect is conducted. The results show that the axial static stiffness of the permanent magnet vibration-damping thrust bearing decreases with increasing displacement. The magnitude of the stiffness is <inline-formula> <tex-math>$10^{{7}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> N/m. The comparison of the vibration acceleration test results between traditional thrust bearings and permanent magnet vibration-damping thrust bearings shows that the longitudinal vibration-damping effect of permanent magnet vibration-damping thrust bearings is 4.28–9.09 dB in the operating range of 32–82 r/min. The multiworking condition vibration reduction performance of permanent magnet vibration-damping thrust bearings is verified. This can provide a new approach for longitudinal vibration control of future ship propulsion shaft systems","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"29091-29098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Impact of Multiwavelength Light Scattering on the Detection of the Sauter Mean Diameter of Fire Smoke Particles","authors":"Xiuhuang Long;Jinhao Li;Yucheng Dong;Quanyi Liu;Haibin Wang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3572002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3572002","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary fire smoke detectors predominantly utilize the intensity of scattered light to identify fire smoke and initiate fire alarms. However, particles from nonfire aerosols may trigger false fire alarms, and response times for black and white smoke may be inconsistent due to variations in the refractive index. To address the limitations of existing fire smoke detection techniques in terms of reducing the false alarm rate and improving the detection sensitivity, this study aims to optimize the performance of fire smoke detectors by introducing a three-wavelength Sauter mean diameter (SMD) detection method based on Mie scattering theory and a three-stage model. Specifically, a third-wavelength correction channel is added on the basis of the dual-wavelength design, and the effects of the aerosol particle size distribution, refractive index, and scattering angle on the detection performance are evaluated via simulation analysis. The results show that the ability of particle detection can be improved by increasing the intermediate wavelength, and the attenuation of large-angle scattering signals can be compensated by the weighting function. Compared with that of the traditional dual-wavelength method, the average relative error of detection can be reduced from 41% to 8.9% when the three-wavelength SMD methods of 450, 550, and 950 nm are used, which effectively balances the detection sensitivity of black smoke and white smoke.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"29649-29657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Optimization of a Dual-Channel Differential Triboelectric Sensor for Underwater Low-Frequency Acoustic Detection","authors":"Xiongchao Ma;Zhenjun Liu;Qichao Li;Yuan Li;Song Ge;Chang Fu;Chenqi Shan;Yiping Guo","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581414","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a novel marine acoustic sensor based on a differential dual-channel triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) design for underwater low-frequency sound wave detection. By constructing a magnetically levitated vibration pickup system and optimizing the suspension height of the magnetic vibration system, the sensor achieves a resonant frequency of 35 Hz at a compact size of 18 mm in length, exhibiting high sensitivity to low-frequency acoustic waves and potential for deep-water applications. The differential sensing mechanism of the dual-channel TENG not only doubles the output voltage sensitivity of the triboelectric sensor but also significantly enhances its common-mode noise rejection capability. Compared to single-channel TENG sensors, the dual-channel differential TENG vector sensor (DTVS) demonstrates a markedly improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The fabricated DTVS operates within a frequency range of 20–100 Hz, achieving a maximum sensitivity of 16.7 V/g in air. Underwater, its equivalent sound pressure sensitivity reaches up to −178.8 dB, with sensitivity fluctuations below 10 dB across the 20–100 Hz frequency band. Compared to traditional 8105 piezoelectric hydrophones, the DTVS exhibits superior low-frequency sensitivity and a more compact size. Additionally, it outperforms fiber-optic hydrophones and MEMS cilium hydrophones in terms of system simplicity, self-powered operation, and cost-effectiveness. The DTVS demonstrated a working depth of up to 200 m underwater, with horizontal and vertical directivity resolutions reaching 30 dB, highlighting its promising potential as an underwater acoustic vector sensor.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"29524-29532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Power Control Strategy of Electromagnetic Energy Harvester Under Wide-Current Operating Conditions of Transmission Line","authors":"Xingming Fan;Renzhi Zhong;Guanyu Zhou;Shuo Xu;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3581394","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the energy supply problem of online equipment of transmission lines (TLs) under wide-current conditions (WCCs), the existing electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH) has insufficient energy supply under low current conditions (LCCs) and is prone to sudden output power drop and abnormal operation status due to deep saturation of the core under high current conditions (HCCs). To this end, this article proposes a power control strategy based on EMEH under WCCs. Under LCCs, the load equivalent impedance is dynamically adjusted by the improved constant voltage method (ICVM) to improve the output power of EMEH. Under HCCs, the thyristor active bypass control strategy (TABCS) is adopted to suppress core saturation and achieve precise power output limitation. Theoretical and experimental synergy shows that under LCCs, the method proposed in this article can effectively improve the output power of EMEH, and the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control strategy under 75-A bus current is 21.69% higher than that of direct power supply. Under HCCs, the control strategy proposed in this article can stably control the power output at the set value and prevent the saturation of the core.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"29851-29860"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstruction of Bridge Lateral and Longitudinal Displacements Based on a Corrective Time Decomposition and Splicing Method","authors":"Kai Li;Tao Zhao;Xinhao Pan;Jianqing Wu","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3580887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3580887","url":null,"abstract":"Bridge displacement is one of the most important parameters for assessing the health of bridges. Current bridge displacement monitoring is mainly based on direct measurement and displacement reconstruction methods. Direct measurement methods can only guarantee accuracy up front, so they cannot be applied over the long term. Displacement reconstruction methods are primarily used for vertical displacement. They are challenging to apply directly to transverse and longitudinal displacement. Therefore, this study proposed a new displacement reconstruction method, corrective time decomposition and splicing (CTDaS), for long-term monitoring of lateral and longitudinal bridge displacements. It utilizes a variety of environmental data and displacement measurements from the early stages of monitoring to reconstruct bridge displacements. The proposed method consists of a time decomposition-splicing networks (Dec-SpcNets) model of displacement reconstruction and output optimization. The Dec-SpcNet extracts the features of the final time step in displacement and improves the accuracy of reconstructing displacement. Furthermore, a sliding weighted average was used to correct the output of the method. The method performance is validated based on the collected data of a continuous girder bridge. The results showed the average errors of 0.22 mm in lateral displacement and 1.85 mm in longitudinal displacement. The proposed method is also compared with the state-of-the-art methods to demonstrate its superiority. Further analysis based on Dec-SpcNet compares the criticality of each factor. The proposed method served as an effective application for monitoring bridge lateral and longitudinal displacements in the long term, which will further contribute to the health condition assessment of the bridge.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 15","pages":"29809-29819"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}