{"title":"Low SPSL Transmit Beampattern Design for MIMO Radar via Lp-Norm Smoothing","authors":"Xiang Li;Zhengyu Lan;Lei Zuo;Juan Hu;Tian Yang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3573734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3573734","url":null,"abstract":"For transmit beampattern design, low spatial autocorrelation peak sidelobe level (SPSL) is essential for synthetic waveforms to prevent the masking of weak targets by strong scattering points. In this article, an effective low SPSL transmit beampattern design scheme is proposed. First, we formulate the SPSL model for the synthetic waveform. Second, we establish an optimization problem aimed at minimizing the SPSL of synthetic waveforms and controlling the transmit beampattern, resulting in a nonconvex, nonsmooth min-max problem. To address this issue, we transform it into a fourth-order polynomial optimization problem using the majorization model of the <inline-formula> <tex-math>${L}_{p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm. Subsequently, we introduce an auxiliary variable to convert the fourth-order polynomial optimization problem into a quadratic polynomial optimization problem. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in achieving transmit beampattern with low SPSL (TB-SPSL).","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 13","pages":"25301-25313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of Efficient Low-Voltage-Alternator Windings Using Polyester Resin Nanocomposite for Normal and Overloading Conditions","authors":"Sachin Parthe;Ashish Paramane;Chao Dai;Xiangrong Chen","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2025.11023193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2025.11023193","url":null,"abstract":"The use of tailored polyester nanocomposite for stator and rotor winding insulation paves the way for next-generation low-voltage alternators.","PeriodicalId":444,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine","volume":"41 3","pages":"15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accelerometer Sensed Moving Object Position Real-Time Prediction With Arduino-Embedding Negative Group Delay Function","authors":"Blaise Ravelo;Mathieu Guerin;Wenceslas Rahajandraibe","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3574282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3574282","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative application of negative group delay (NGD) circuit embedded in a mobile platform for the real-time prediction of arbitrarily moving object position is developed in this article. The study case is constituted by a scenario of mini-vehicle moving in go-and-back (GAB) along a straight trajectory equipped by a commercial accelerometer sensor associated with an NGD digital circuit. The instantaneous position generated by the accelerometer sensor is considered an input signal having an arbitrary waveform to be predicted by the NGD circuit. The design method of embedded NGD digital circuit is described as a function of the targeted time advance of moving object position to be predicted. The design equations for calculating the NGD predictor parameters are formulated. Furthermore, the routine methodology of the NGD predictor algorithm is elaborated. The prediction function was implemented into the Arduino UNO platform embedded in the mobile object as an experimental demonstration for the feasibility study. To validate the innovative predictor, a mini-vehicle prototype embedding the NGD function into the Arduino board is arbitrarily moved in GAB by comparing the directly measured sensed and predicted instantaneous positions. The test is based on the mini-vehicle arbitrary random movement along a straight rectilinear track having more than 10 cm in length with a velocity of less than 0.2 m/s. By using the NGD predictor, the real-time prediction of the mini-vehicle position with −80-ms time advance is confirmed by a good agreement between the theory and experiment. The developed NGD predictor is useful for the sensor design and industrial engineering by reducing the error of teleautomatic and robotic system victim of undesirable signal propagation delays.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 13","pages":"25625-25637"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bulletin Board: The 1st Asia Summer School on Dielectric Insulation, Harbin, China","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2025.11023186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2025.11023186","url":null,"abstract":"We are pleased to announce the opening of preregistration for the 1st Asia Summer School on Dielectric Insulation, organized in Sun-island, Harbin, China, from August 7 to 10, 2025.","PeriodicalId":444,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine","volume":"41 3","pages":"55-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11023186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Young Professionals","authors":"Ghada Gmati;Aritra Das","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2025.11023210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2025.11023210","url":null,"abstract":"I am delighted to share the progress and accomplishments achieved during my tenure as a DEIS Graduate Student Fellow. This fellowship has provided an invaluable opportunity to advance my doctoral research on enhancing power transformer reliability by investigating the combined effects of moisture dynamics and aging in insulation systems. I am deeply grateful to the DEIS Education Committee for their support and to my supervisors for their mentorship throughout this journey.","PeriodicalId":444,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine","volume":"41 3","pages":"45-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11023210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing High-Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage Performance of Dielectric Polymers via Electrical Conduction Suppression","authors":"Yao Zhou;Yuhan Chen","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2025.11023187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2025.11023187","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the authors present a comprehensive summary of their research on dielectric polymers for high-temperature capacitive energy storage applications, which is part of the work awarded the 2024 IEEE DEIS Steven A. Boggs Young Professional Achievement Award.","PeriodicalId":444,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine","volume":"41 3","pages":"6-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stories from China","authors":"Zepeng Lv","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2025.11023191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2025.11023191","url":null,"abstract":"Partial discharge (PD) is a problem for the high-voltage power equipment. Long-term and intense PD activities can greatly shorten the service life of electrical equipment and endanger the safe operation of the power system. Research on PD has been done to observe its characteristics and reveal the mechanism. Currently, characterization methods for PD behavior mainly include PRPD (phase-resolved partial discharge), pulse shape and pulse sequence analysis, chaotic sequence analysis, and so on.","PeriodicalId":444,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine","volume":"41 3","pages":"42-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11023191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144206014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hard Work and Happenstance with Thomas Andritsch","authors":"Elizabeth Aragao","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2025.11023205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2025.11023205","url":null,"abstract":"An artist, musician, and avid outdoorsman, Thomas Andritsch never imagined he would go to university, never mind become an academic. Today, he is both engineer and academic, an active member of DEIS, and someone who “once learned more about Nikola Tesla than any sane person perhaps should.” During a call from his office in sunny Southampton, England, he shared stories about the coffees, conversations, and happenstance that brought him to where he is today.","PeriodicalId":444,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine","volume":"41 3","pages":"34-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11023205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decision-Making Method Combining Path-Constraint-Based Action Compensation for Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"Haiyan Zhao;Jingdi Cao;Xinghao Lu;Chengcheng Xu;Hong Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3574069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3574069","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the performance and reliability of the decision-making process for autonomous vehicles, a decision-making method using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and combining path-constraint-based action compensation is proposed in this article. In the decision-making method, an action compensation module based on path constraints is developed, which enhances the reliability of the decision of vehicle and ensures that the final output actions meet safety and comfort requirements. In addition, the traditional reinforcement learning task is divided into three subtasks, and the switching between the subtasks is realized by the scene recognition module. It reduces the complexity of the task and improves the training efficiency and sample utilization. Moreover, rewards and penalties are designed within path constraints, incorporating the distance from the lane center and the heading deviation angle. This can provide efficient and timely feedback for the vehicle during environmental interactions, accelerating the training process and improving decision-making performance. Finally, experiments are conducted using the CARLA simulation platform. The results show that the proposed method not only enables reliable decision-making but also improves the performance of vehicle, ensuring smooth control of the vehicle through the driving task, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 13","pages":"25605-25614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fingertip Sensor for Wire Retention Force Test of Electrical Connector Using Pressure Control on Textured Elastic Friction Pair","authors":"Yu Zhou;Linqing Li;Ningbo Zhang;Mingyang Kong;Haigang Wang;Zhe Yang;Hanbin Wang;Junsheng Liang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2025.3574479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2025.3574479","url":null,"abstract":"Wire retention force is an important indicator for evaluating the reliability of wire insertion in electrical connectors. Current approaches to measure this force are mainly relied on spring-based dynamometers, which are limited by their large sizes and lack of digital testing capabilities. Herein, this article proposes a retention force sensor by controlling the critical friction force between the wires and textured rubber friction pair installed on fingertip. A conversion model between the normal pressure applied to the friction pair and the wire retention force was established, by combining experimental calibration and machine learning methods. Results show that the relative testing error of retention force using this fingertip sensor is less than 8%, and the coefficient of determination <inline-formula> <tex-math>${R}^{{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the sensor is better than 0.908 within the retention force range of 2–16 N. After 1000 cycles of retention force testing, the testing error of sensor can still be maintained within 10%, indicating that the sensor has good long-term performance stability.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"25 13","pages":"23926-23932"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}