{"title":"Double difunctionalization of vinyl ether tethered nucleophile with electron-deficient alkene in two-molecule photoredox system.","authors":"Takumi Ikeda, Yosuke Tanaka, Ryoga Hashimoto, Toshiki Furutani, Mugen Yamawaki, Hirotsugu Suzuki, Yasuharu Yoshimi","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00588-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00588-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Double difunctionalization of a vinyl ether tethered hydroxy or carbamoyl group with electron-deficient alkenes such as acrylonitrile or acrylic esters was achieved by visible-light irradiation in a two-molecule photoredox system. Use of anhydrous acetonitrile solution as a solvent promoted both dimerization of the radical cation of electron-rich alkene with electron-rich alkene and intramolecular nucleophilic addition to generate an electron-rich radical that was added to electron-deficient alkene to furnish the double difunctionalized product. A variety of electronically differentiated rich and deficient alkenes were used in the photoreaction; a simple construction of a complex carbon framework containing acetal from simple alkenes was successful under mild conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1417-1423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-level LASER therapy accelerates fungal lesions cicatrization by increasing the production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines.","authors":"Julianne Caravita Grisolia, Lauana Aparecida Santos, Nayara Andrade Dias, Luiz Cosme Cotta Malaquias, Eva Burger","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00595-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00595-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis with serious clinical consequences in which the use of antifungal drugs requires long-term treatment. Therefore, we studied the effect of low-level LASER therapy (LLLT) to evaluate its prospects as a complementary treatment for PCM and improve the clinical response to the disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study focused on the resolution of lesions caused by fungal infection using a subcutaneous air pouch model of infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated cell profile and cytokines, fungi viability, and the presence of fibroblasts and fibrocytes at the site of infection. Inoculation of P. brasiliensis (Pb) was performed using a subcutaneous air pouch model and the LLLT irradiation was performed on alternate days on the rear paws of mice for 10 days, after which the cells from the air pouch were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In animals irradiated with LLLT, the influx of cells to the air pouch was reduced, but they were more activated and produced pro-inflammatory (IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α) and neutrophil (PMN) activating cytokines (IL-8, GM-CSF and γ-IFN). A better resolution of the infection, evidenced by the reduction in the number of viable fungi with preserved morphology in the air pouch, and an increase in the number of fibrocytes, indicating a healing profile were also observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LLLT decreased the influx of PMN, but those presents were highly activated, with increased fungicidal activity. LLLT irradiation also resulted in earlier cicatrization at the site of infection, leading to a better outcome of the infection. These data are favorable to the use of LLLT as a complementary therapy in PCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1295-1307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danilo T Amaral, Rachel A Kaplan, Thaís Kaori Enoki Takishita, Daniel R de Souza, Anderson G Oliveira, Simone Policena Rosa
{"title":"Glowing wonders: exploring the diversity and ecological significance of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil.","authors":"Danilo T Amaral, Rachel A Kaplan, Thaís Kaori Enoki Takishita, Daniel R de Souza, Anderson G Oliveira, Simone Policena Rosa","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00590-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00590-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioluminescence, the emission of light by living organisms, is a captivating and widespread phenomenon with diverse ecological functions. This comprehensive review explores the biodiversity, mechanisms, ecological roles, and conservation challenges of bioluminescent organisms in Brazil, a country known for its vast and diverse ecosystems. From the enchanting glow of fireflies and glow-in-the-dark mushrooms to the mesmerizing displays of marine dinoflagellates and cnidarians, Brazil showcases a remarkable array of bioluminescent species. Understanding the biochemical mechanisms and enzymes involved in bioluminescence enhances our knowledge of their evolutionary adaptations and ecological functions. However, habitat loss, climate change, and photopollution pose significant threats to these bioluminescent organisms. Conservation measures, interdisciplinary collaborations, and responsible lighting practices are crucial for their survival. Future research should focus on identifying endemic species, studying environmental factors influencing bioluminescence, and developing effective conservation strategies. Through interdisciplinary collaborations, advanced technologies, and increased funding, Brazil can unravel the mysteries of its bioluminescent biodiversity, drive scientific advancements, and ensure the long-term preservation of these captivating organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1373-1392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140908276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photodegradation of cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC in cannabis plant material.","authors":"Arianna Bini, Sofia Salerno, Stefano Protti, Federica Pollastro, Antonella Profumo, Luca Morini, Daniele Merli","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00589-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00589-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC, the psychotropic cannabinoid in Cannabis sativa L., for many years has been the focus of all the pharmacological attention as the main promising principle of the plant. Recently, however, cannabidiol (CBD) has brought a sudden change in the scenario, exponentially increasing the interest in pharmacology as the main non-psychotropic cannabinoid with potential therapeutic, cosmetical and clinical applications. Although the reactivity of CBD and Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC has been considered, little attention has been paid to the possible photodegradation of these cannabinoids in the vegetal matrix and the data available in the literature are, in some cases, contradictory. The aim of the present work is to provide a characterization of the photochemical behaviour of CBD and Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC in three cannabis chemotypes, namely I (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC 2.50%<sub>w/w</sub>), II (CBD:Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC 5.82%<sub>w/w</sub>:3.19%<sub>w/w</sub>) and III (CBD 3.02%<sub>w/w</sub>).</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1239-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140910826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florencia de la Rosa, Magdalena Pezzoni, Marleen De Troch, Cristina S Costa, Marcelo Hernando
{"title":"Effects of temperature up-shift and UV-A radiation on fatty acids content and expression of desaturase genes in cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa: stress tolerance and acclimation responses.","authors":"Florencia de la Rosa, Magdalena Pezzoni, Marleen De Troch, Cristina S Costa, Marcelo Hernando","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00584-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00584-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temperature up-shift and UV-A radiation effects on growth, lipid damage, fatty acid (FA) composition and expression of desaturase genes desA and desB were investigated in the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. Although UV-A damaging effect has been well documented, reports on the interactive effects of UV radiation exposure and warming on cyanobacteria are scarce. Temperature and UV-A doses were selected based on the physiological responses previously obtained by studies with the same M. aeruginosa strain used in this study. Cells pre-grown at 26 °C were incubated at the same temperature or 29 °C and exposed to UV-A + PAR and only PAR for 9 days. Growth rate was significantly affected by UV-A radiation independently of the temperature throughout the experiment. High temperature produced lipid damage significantly higher throughout the experiment, decreasing at day 9 as compared to 26 °C. In addition, the cells grown at 29 °C under UV-A displayed a decrease in polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) levels, with ω3 PUFA being mostly affected at the end of exposure. Previously, we reported that UV-A-induced lipid damage affects differentially ω3 and ω6 PUFAs. We report that UV-A radiation leads to an upregulation of desA, possibly due to lipid damage. In addition, the temperature up-shift upregulates desA and desB regardless of the radiation. The lack of lipid damage for UV-A on ω3 could explain the lack of transcription induction of desB. The significant ω6 decrease at 26 °C in cells exposed to UV-A could be due to the lack of upregulation of desA.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1167-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rocío B Acosta, Edgardo N Durantini, Mariana B Spesia
{"title":"Evaluation of quantification methods to determine photodynamic action on mono- and dual-species bacterial biofilms.","authors":"Rocío B Acosta, Edgardo N Durantini, Mariana B Spesia","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00586-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00586-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) sensitized by 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-N,N,N-trimethylammoniophenyl)porphyrin (TMAP<sup>4+</sup>) on different components of mono- and dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was determined by different methods. First, the plate count technique showed that TMAP<sup>4+</sup>-PDI was more effective on S. aureus than E. coli biofilm. However, crystal violet staining revealed no significant differences between before and after PDI biofilms of both bacteria. On the other hand, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method indicated a reduction in viable cells as the light exposure time increases in both, mono- and dual-species biofilms. Furthermore, it was determined that as the irradiation time increases, the amount of extracellular polymeric substances present in the biofilms decreased. This effect was presented in both strains and in the mixed biofilm, being more evident in S. aureus mono-specie biofilm. Finally, scanning electron microscopy analysis showed a decrease in the number of cells forming the biofilm after photosensitization treatments. This information makes it possible to determine whether the photodynamic action is based on damage to metabolic activity, extracellular matrix and/or biomass, which may be useful in establishing a fully effective PDI protocol for the treatment of microorganisms growing as biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1195-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julieta L Sacchetto, Leandro Fuentes Medina, Karina I Toledo, Silvana C Plem, Yamile Jalit, Eduardo A Gatica, Sandra Miskoski, José Natera, Cristian M O Lépori, Walter A Massad
{"title":"Epoxiconazole degradation in water samples: a comparative study of Fenton, photo-Fenton, solar photo-Fenton, and solar photolysis processes.","authors":"Julieta L Sacchetto, Leandro Fuentes Medina, Karina I Toledo, Silvana C Plem, Yamile Jalit, Eduardo A Gatica, Sandra Miskoski, José Natera, Cristian M O Lépori, Walter A Massad","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00582-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00582-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epoxiconazole (EPO) is classified as a persistent organic pollutant due to its ability to persist in the environment for prolonged periods. Its degradation is pivotal in mitigating its environmental impact. This investigation focuses on assessing the degradation of EPO using various methodologies, namely Fenton, photo-Fenton, solar photo-Fenton, and solar photolysis, conducted in both Milli-Q water and groundwater. These experiments encompassed evaluations at both the standard pH typically used in photo-Fenton reactions and the natural pH levels inherent to the respective aqueous environments. Additionally, EPO degradation products were analyzed after a 60-min reaction. Notably, in systems utilizing groundwater, the inclusion of additional iron was unnecessary, as the naturally occurring iron content in the groundwater facilitated the intended processes. Specifically, in Milli-Q water, solar photo-Fenton demonstrated an EPO degradation efficiency of 97%. Furthermore, the substitution of Milli-Q water with groundwater in Fenton-like processes did not significantly affect the efficacy of EPO degradation. These findings underscore the potential of solar photo-Fenton as an economically viable and environmentally sustainable strategy for EPO degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1143-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancements in visible-light-induced reactions via alkenyl radical intermediates.","authors":"Helena F Piedra, Manuel Plaza","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00580-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00580-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, visible-light-induced organic transformations have taken a central role driving forward the progress of modern organic synthesis. These processes typically involve the transient generation of highly reactive radical intermediates, facilitating a diverse array of chemical reactions. Despite the abundance of synthetic strategies enabling the access of aryl and alkyl-centered radicals, the exploitation of photochemistry to generate highly reactive alkenyl radicals has remained notably underdeveloped. In this review, we present recent advancements in visible-light-induced transformations that proceed through the generation of alkenyl radicals from alkenyl-containing precursors, predominantly alkenyl halides, showcasing their application in various organic transformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1217-1228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cyclic AMP-regulatory element-binding protein: a novel UV-targeted transcription factor in skin cancer.","authors":"Julianne C Nayar, Myriam Abboud, Katie M Dixon","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00578-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00578-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common therapeutics in relation to melanoma and non-melanoma cancers include the use of kinase inhibitors. The long-term benefits of kinases, however, are limited by development of drug resistance. An alternative approach for treatment would be to focus on transcription factors. Cyclic AMP-regulatory element-binding protein (CREB) is a transcription factor that is commonly overactivated or overexpressed in many different cancers including skin cancer. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR), one of the main causes of skin cancer, can activate CREB in both melanocytes and keratinocytes. In addition, CREB has been found to be activated in skin cancers. Considering the prominent role that CREB plays in skin cancers, the studies reviewed herein raise the possibility of CREB as a potential prognostic and diagnostic marker of skin cancer and a novel target for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1209-1215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Madronich, G H Bernhard, P J Neale, A Heikkilä, M P Sulbæk Andersen, A L Andrady, P J Aucamp, A F Bais, A T Banaszak, P J Barnes, J F Bornman, L S Bruckman, R Busquets, G Chiodo, D-P Häder, M L Hanson, S Hylander, M A K Jansen, G Lingham, R M Lucas, R Mackenzie Calderon, C Olsen, R Ossola, K K Pandey, I Petropavlovskikh, L E Revell, L E Rhodes, S A Robinson, T M Robson, K C Rose, T Schikowski, K R Solomon, B Sulzberger, T J Wallington, Q-W Wang, S-Å Wängberg, C C White, S R Wilson, L Zhu, R E Neale
{"title":"Continuing benefits of the Montreal Protocol and protection of the stratospheric ozone layer for human health and the environment.","authors":"S Madronich, G H Bernhard, P J Neale, A Heikkilä, M P Sulbæk Andersen, A L Andrady, P J Aucamp, A F Bais, A T Banaszak, P J Barnes, J F Bornman, L S Bruckman, R Busquets, G Chiodo, D-P Häder, M L Hanson, S Hylander, M A K Jansen, G Lingham, R M Lucas, R Mackenzie Calderon, C Olsen, R Ossola, K K Pandey, I Petropavlovskikh, L E Revell, L E Rhodes, S A Robinson, T M Robson, K C Rose, T Schikowski, K R Solomon, B Sulzberger, T J Wallington, Q-W Wang, S-Å Wängberg, C C White, S R Wilson, L Zhu, R E Neale","doi":"10.1007/s43630-024-00577-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43630-024-00577-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The protection of Earth's stratospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) is an ongoing process under the auspices of the universally ratified Montreal Protocol and its Amendments and adjustments. A critical part of this process is the assessment of the environmental issues related to changes in O<sub>3</sub>. The United Nations Environment Programme's Environmental Effects Assessment Panel provides annual scientific evaluations of some of the key issues arising in the recent collective knowledge base. This current update includes a comprehensive assessment of the incidence rates of skin cancer, cataract and other skin and eye diseases observed worldwide; the effects of UV radiation on tropospheric oxidants, and air and water quality; trends in breakdown products of fluorinated chemicals and recent information of their toxicity; and recent technological innovations of building materials for greater resistance to UV radiation. These issues span a wide range of topics, including both harmful and beneficial effects of exposure to UV radiation, and complex interactions with climate change. While the Montreal Protocol has succeeded in preventing large reductions in stratospheric O<sub>3</sub>, future changes may occur due to a number of natural and anthropogenic factors. Thus, frequent assessments of potential environmental impacts are essential to ensure that policies remain based on the best available scientific knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":98,"journal":{"name":"Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1087-1115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}