Cement & concrete composites最新文献

{"title":"A carbon sequestered superhydrophobic mortar with enhanced anti-chloride ions penetration and frost resistance","authors":"Cong Wang ,&nbsp;Yifeng Ling ,&nbsp;Lijun Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Yang ,&nbsp;Weizhuo Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superhydrophobic cementitious composites are promising candidates to effectively mitigate long-term performance deterioration of concrete buildings due to external water infiltration. However, conventional superhydrophobic modifications often reduce compressive strength. To address this, a carbon sequestered superhydrophobic mortar was developed through a combination of micro-/nano-structuring and surface energy modification, achieving water contact angles of 153°–162° and a 10 MPa increase in 28-day compressive strength. Preparation involved dissolving alkaline solids (carbide slag and decarbonized fly ash), producing carbonated fly ash (CFA) through co-mineralization reactions, and modifying with fluoroalkylsilane (FAS). Performance indicators studied included wettability, compressive strength, water absorption, anti-chloride ions penetration, frost resistance, and microstructure. Results indicated that higher CFA and FAS contents led to improved water repellency and improved durability. Compared to control mortar, the superhydrophobic mortar showed about a 70 % reduction in water absorption, an 80.84 % decrease in chloride ions diffusion coefficient, and minimal mass and modulus loss after freeze-thaw cycles. These outcomes suggest that synergistic interactions between CFA and FAS provide a durable and responsive alternative for infrastructure resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106167"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward intelligent buildings and civil infrastructure: A review on multifunctional concrete through nanotechnology","authors":"Caiyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenkui Dong ,&nbsp;Jiaming Liu ,&nbsp;Shuhua Peng ,&nbsp;Wengui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rising demand for smart infrastructure and improved living standards, traditional concrete is becoming insufficient for modern functional needs. This has driven the development of multifunctional concrete materials that integrate advanced functionalities into conventional systems. Among these, multifunctional conductive concrete stands out by combining structural integrity with electrical conductivity. Through the incorporation of conductive fillers, it gains capabilities such as self-heating, self-powering, and self-diagnostics without compromising mechanical performance. Its self-heating function raises the surface temperature by over 80 °C within 20 min under a 30 V input (≈1568.04 W/m²), enabling effective deicing. When integrated with 1 % carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 50 % Bismuth sodium titanate-bismuth potassium titanate-barium titanate (BNBK), the cementitious composite exhibits a dielectric constant of 230, with piezoelectric charge (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>d</mi><mn>33</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) and voltage (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>33</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) coefficients of 33 pC/N and 31 mV m/N, respectively, highlighting its potential for self-powering, low-energy sensors. Additionally, with only 3 % carbon black, the cementitious composite shows a fractional change in resistivity greater than 12 during freeze-thaw cycles, supporting real-time damage and health monitoring. These features enhance durability, resilience, and intelligent functionality across the building and civil infrastructure systems. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of multifunctional conductive concrete, focusing on its conductivity mechanisms, physical and functional properties, representative case studies, and application scenarios. It also identifies key research challenges and explores perspectives, positioning the multifunctional concrete as a next-generation technology for smart cities, intelligent transportation systems, and integrated energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106165"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General correlation between R3 test results and compressive strengths for five families of supplementary cementitious materials","authors":"Imane Koufany ,&nbsp;Angeles G. De la Torre ,&nbsp;Cinthya Redondo-Soto ,&nbsp;Isabel Santacruz ,&nbsp;Ana Cuesta ,&nbsp;Daniela Gastaldi ,&nbsp;Fulvio Canonico ,&nbsp;Oliver Mazanec ,&nbsp;Miguel A.G. Aranda","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incorporation of locally available supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in cement blends is essential for reducing the environmental impact of construction. However, assessing the pozzolanic kinetics, and thus the pozzolanic contribution at a given age, is challenging due to temperature differences between the two main evaluation methods: ASTM C1897 (40 °C, continuous heat release) and ASTM C311 (20 °C, Strength Activity Index at 28 days). This study examines 22 SCMs, analysing their composition, mineralogy, texture, and pozzolanic behaviour. ASTM C1897 was applied as prescribed, while ASTM C311 was modified by maintaining a constant water-to-binder ratio and introducing an additional 68 % PC–20 % SCM–10 % limestone–2 % gypsum series to better isolate pozzolan effects. The results confirmed established pozzolanic trends, with kaolinite-rich calcined clays ≳ silica fume &gt; smectite-rich calcined clays &gt; natural pozzolans ≳ class-F fly ashes. The modified series yielded clearer correlations, particularly between SAI²°^C_28d and Heat⁴°^C_3d, forming two well-defined clusters that reflect general behaviour. These findings suggest that the modified series could serve as a more reliable framework for future SAI evaluations. Moreover, for the 80 % PC–20 % SCM, the best correlation is found for the R³-heat release at 12 h (at 40 °C) and the SAI values at 28 days (at 20 °C). Additional insights into the pozzolanic kinetics and performance of the materials are also presented, contributing to a deeper understanding of their potential in sustainable construction practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106166"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ 4D CT analysis of microcrack evolution in carbonated fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete","authors":"Changqing Wang ,&nbsp;Yuelan Lu ,&nbsp;Yunyun Dai ,&nbsp;Huixia Wu ,&nbsp;Zhiming Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs in-situ 4D computed tomography (CT) to investigate the microcrack evolution in carbonated fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete (CFRAC). Through 2D slice comparison and 3D reconstruction at six loading stages, the progression of pore structure and crack development under uniaxial compression is visualized. Carbonation is found to significantly reduce porosity (by ∼20 %) and improve ITZ compactness, enhancing compressive strength by ∼30 %. The incorporation of 2.0 % steel fibers effectively delays crack propagation and reduces crack connectivity. Quantitative analysis reveals the spatial-temporal evolution of microcracks and demonstrates the fiber-bridging effect in resisting crack growth. These findings offer insights into the durability and structural behavior of CFRAC and support its sustainable application in concrete structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106161"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term salt freeze-thaw resistance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) modified mortar: The role of molecular structure","authors":"Qian Deng ,&nbsp;Xuzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Shaohua Li ,&nbsp;Qingliang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has shown potential in developing cost-effective anti-freezing technologies for concrete. However, its effectiveness in reducing scaling and performance stability under combined salt freeze-thaw conditions and the involved mechanism remains unclear. This investigation systematically evaluates the salt freeze-thaw resistance of cementitious systems modified with PVA variants possessing different hydrolysis degrees (DH) and molecular weights (Mw). Experimental results demonstrate that while PVA adsorption on C₃S/C₃A surfaces inhibits cement hydration and degrades mechanical properties and pore structure, these effects appear very limited at ≤0.04 % low dosages. Fully hydrolyzed PVA with an Mw of 75000 g/mol achieves an 18.8 % reduction in mass loss compared to the unmodified group and maintains a stable microstructure after 25 freeze-thaw cycles. The enhancement is primarily attributed to improved ice nucleation inhibition capacity, which positively correlates with DH and Mw. However, cryogenic gelation of PVA compromises its ice inhibition effectiveness, especially PVA with lower DH and Mw showing exacerbated performance degradation due to short-chain aggregation and acetate group steric effects. High-Mw PVA maintains its functionality through 3D network formation that preserves ice-binding sites. These findings provide crucial theoretical foundations for optimizing PVA-modified concrete formulations in cold-region engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106159"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144202024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of elevated temperature on the passivation and depassivation properties of reinforcing steel in concrete environment","authors":"Chandra Sekhar Das ,&nbsp;Haibing Zheng ,&nbsp;Jian-Guo Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the chloride threshold value (CTV) under various environmental conditions is essential for condition assessment and service life estimation of reinforced concrete (RC) structures susceptible to corrosion damage. This study investigates the influence of three exposure temperatures (25 °C, 35 °C and 45 °C) on the passivation and depassivation (i.e., corrosion initiation) of steel bars in a simulated concrete pore solution by employing different electrochemical measurements and surface characterization techniques. Results demonstrate that exposure to elevated temperatures accelerates the oxidation of the Fe metal, favouring Fe(III) oxide formation over Fe(II) oxides, as evidenced by a higher Fe(III)/Fe(II) ratio and nobler corrosion potentials. The net oxide content is also lower, with a higher concentration of defects, which reduces the overall protectiveness of passive film. Consequently, as chlorides were progressively added at the end of passivation (i.e., 14 days), the average CTV decreased sharply from 3.5 M at 25 °C to 1.9 M at 35 °C and 1.1 M at 45 °C. A temperature increase of 10 °C reduced the CTV by nearly 50 %, while a 20 °C rise reduced it to less than one-third of its initial value, highlighting the strong dependency of CTV on exposure temperature. Notably, irrespective of the exposure temperatures, the depassivation of the steel samples was triggered when polarization resistance dropped to the range of 500–600 kΩ∙cm², and solution resistance was nearly 5 Ω∙cm². These findings emphasize the need to reassess the corrosion risk in RC structures under different climate conditions to avoid overestimating service life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106164"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144202023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the inhomogeneity of mineralized steel slag compacts (MSSCs) and its effect on mechanical properties and damage","authors":"Qinglong Qin,&nbsp;Boyang Su,&nbsp;Zihan Ma,&nbsp;Rui Sun,&nbsp;Yong Zheng,&nbsp;Kai Cui,&nbsp;Peiliang Shen,&nbsp;Chi Sun Poon","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the spatial and temporal evolution of mineralized steel slag compacts (MSSCs) in terms of mineral composition, microstructure, and micromechanical properties is systematically investigated to characterize and quantify their inhomogeneity. Furthermore, the impact of the inhomogeneity in MSSC on its mechanical behavior and damage mechanisms is explored to uncover the intrinsic connection between them. The results indicate that the MSSC is an inhomogeneous mass, with the extent of inhomogeneity influenced by the carbonation time. Notably, the MSSC experiences brittle damage at lower strengths and exhibits localized stress instability during loading. As the carbonation time increases from 6 to 72 h, the mineral content and carbonation degree within the MSSCs gradually shift from an inhomogeneous to a relatively homogeneous distribution; however, the micromechanical parameters remain inhomogeneously distributed. Furthermore, the proportion of tensile cracks increases from 55.2 % to 72.0 %, indicating a shift in the failure mode from mixed shear-tensile damage to predominantly tensile damage in MSCC. The outer layer of the MSSC exerts a constraining effect on the inner layer, similar to the function of steel pipe in concrete-filled steel tube, effectively inhibiting deformation and damage to the inner layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106152"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and experimental exploration of roller-compacted engineered cementitious composites (ECC)","authors":"He Zhu ,&nbsp;Jinping Ou ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Li ,&nbsp;Aamer Bhutta ,&nbsp;Georgios Zapsas ,&nbsp;Waleed Nasser ,&nbsp;Mohammed Mehthel ,&nbsp;Oscar Salazar ,&nbsp;Victor C. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction methods of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) are crucial for ensuring the structural performance of ECC pavements, which have demonstrated superior fatigue life and heavy traffic capacity. However, the commonly used rolling compacted (RC) method for pavement has never been explored for RC-ECC pavement. In this study, RC-ECC was developed via theoretical and experimental methods to achieve a compacted ECC during pavement construction. Firstly, a theoretical model for RC-ECC was established based on the stress equilibrium equation of ECC's green strength development and the roller's driving stress. Afterwards, the proposed theoretical model was validated by experimental results considering sand/binder ratio, binder types (fly ash, two volcanic ash), and calcium sulphoaluminate cement (CSA) content. The relative settlement and opening time were suggested as critical factors for developing RC-ECC. The maximum allowable relative settlement was conservatively suggested to be 0.1 below 90 min, and 0.05 between 90 and 150 min, while a minimum relative settlement of 0.01 was proposed to attain a satisfactory compaction quality. To achieve this, a specially customized or light roller (1 ton herein) was preferred. Modest CSA content is required to accelerate green strength development while keeping sufficient opening time for rolling compaction. Volcanic ash-based RC-ECC exhibited longer opening time than fly ash RC-ECC due to its angular morphology. RC-ECC achieved 14–27 % higher MOR than un-compacted ECC, resulting in a thinner thickness and lower embodied carbon on pavement. RC-ECC holds promises for pavement construction; meanwhile, more investigations relating to roller selection, ECC layer thickness, and rolling speed warrant future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106157"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of recycled concrete powder on the evolution of the static yield stress of cement paste","authors":"Tian Li ,&nbsp;Rita Nogueira ,&nbsp;Jorge de Brito ,&nbsp;Paulina Faria ,&nbsp;Jiaping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current research on recycled concrete powder (RCP) influencing the cement-based material's rheology primarily focuses on the initial rheology, with limited attention given to long-term rheology (rest time over 60 min). This work investigates RCP influencing the paste's static yield stress evolving with time (10–120 min). Results show that RCP significantly influences the cement paste's static yield stress, increasing it by about 89 times when the incorporation ratio of RCP reaches 25 % and rest time extends to 120 min. According to existing theoretical foundations and models, it is believed that the underlying influencing mechanisms can be elaborated from three aspects: the cementitious particle system's colloidal and contact interactions and the cementitious paste's structural build-up rate. RCP improves the particle system's capacity to adsorb polycarboxylate ether (PCE), lowering the average coverage ratio of the particle surface coated by PCE and the separation distance between particles, thus increasing the initial colloidal interactions. This promotes flocculation and strengthens the colloidal network, raising the paste's static yield stress; RCP increases the particle system's average size, volume fraction, packing density, and hydration degree and decreases particle number and hydrated volume, thus affecting the contact interactions evolution over time. However, the highest incorporation ratio does not result in the highest contact interactions; RCP promotes the paste's early hydration, generating more stable C-S-H. This accelerates the connections between the particles transition from flexible colloidal to rigid bridging, increasing the paste's structural build-up rate, thus raising the linear growth rate of the paste's static yield stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106158"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion resistance of AISI 304 stainless steel in belitic calcium sulfoaluminate cement","authors":"Zhi Geng,&nbsp;Xinhao Bi,&nbsp;Jinjie Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a promising sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), there are still doubts about the protective properties of belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement to the embedded steel, especially for its low pore solution alkalinity and high sulfate concentration. To guarantee the corrosion resistance of steel reinforcement in BCSA cement, using corrosion-resistant steels, such as stainless steel, is a possible choice. Yet, it is not clear how stainless steel performs in the specific pore solutions of BCSA cement. Therefore, the electrochemical behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel in BCSA cement was investigated in this study. Results show that stainless steel gains adequate passivity in BCSA cement, yet the elevated concentration of sulfate ions impairs passive films. However, the competitive adsorption of sulfate ions with chlorides in BCSA cement endows stainless steel with a higher pitting corrosion resistance as compared with OPC, confirming the superior protective ability to resist chloride attack. These findings elucidate the feasible corrosion resistance of AISI 304 stainless steel in the low-carbon BCSA cement despite its reduced inherent alkalinity and elevated sulfate concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9865,"journal":{"name":"Cement & concrete composites","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 106154"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}