Chemical Science International Journal最新文献

{"title":"THE MESSAGES IN COMMUNICATION - WHY DON’T WE UNDERSTAND EACH OTHER","authors":"L. Borisova, Iliyan Kostov","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020221b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020221b","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of rules in a given field is related to the setting of certain requirements to the products, processes or bodies that implement them and aims to ensure a certain quality. This is generally the case, but it also applies in full force to the communication process. The existence of strict rules in communication presupposes the setting of specific requirements regarding the necessary knowledge, professional skills and competencies that communicators must possess in order to achieve the desired effect, striving for professional growth and career in their organizations. In the process of communication information, emotions, feelings, ideas are exchanged. Assuming the communicators are professionally trained - then why don’t they understand each other? We will try to get to the reason in this post. For the purposes of the research, fundamental scientific formulations and methods of the theory of the nature of communications, comparative analysis, as well as examples from the speeches of celebrities in public space (media and social networks) - were used. Communication between people can be characterized as interpersonal if it meets the following criteria: it involves a certain number of people in immediate interaction; participants have the opportunity to see, hear, easily provide feedback. It is assumed that each of the participants understands, perceives and influences the other side, respects the arguments of their partner. Communication implies investment of emotions, competence of the parties in relation to the established rules, possession of a certain intelligence, which is the basis of the management of emotions - emotional intelligence. It includes self-control skills, personal and social competence, motivation and delegation skills, conflict resolution, empathy and hope. It is indisputable that the skills and abilities necessary in the process of communication and the manifestation of intelligence are found in a different proportion in each one. Emotions are a starting point for personality development, they face challenges, give everyday life more depth and meaning. Emotions require intelligence, they must be harnessed to facilitate achievement. Anyone can learn to be intelligent about their emotions and apply that intelligence to solving many of life’s problems. To achieve excellence in this field, knowledge and development of certain skills are required. Defining feelings makes it possible to study their nature and control them. There is no great human good without great emotion, because feelings have taught mankind to reason. Differences in religious, cultural and political beliefs are often the cause of tragic and fatal separation. The feelings manifested in sympathy and compassion, empathy and pain, all have the ability to unite.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88787053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROGRAM ORIENTATION OF MUNICIPAL BUDGETS","authors":"B. Borisov","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020209b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020209b","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to show the necessity of developing program-oriented municipal budgets. The view of different authors on the subject is presented, as well as good practices of other countries. The existing practice of developing strategic documents and budgets in Bulgarian municipalities is described. A sociological survey was made of the opinion of business organizations as partners of local authorities, regarding their participation in the budget process and in the development of strategic documents for the development of municipalities. The results show a rather skeptical attitude towards the possibilities of business organizations to influence local policies and the development of budgets. A proposal is made in the national legislation and in the local normative base of the municipalities to establish the requirement for coordination of the strategies, plans and programs developed at the municipal level with the annual budgets. Program budgeting at the municipal level is not only possible, but also imperative, due to its efficiency, transparency, opportunity for wider citizen participation in the budget process and in the development and implementation of local policies.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86758998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Investigation of the Anti-corrosive Effect of Spondias mombin Leaves Extract on the Corrosion of Aluminium Alloy (AA2024) and Mild Steel in 0.5 M NaCl","authors":"K. Ogwo, L. Nnanna, Ugomma C. Onyeije, A. D. Asiegbu","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3847","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibiting effect of Spondias mombin (SM) leaves extract on the corrosion of AA2024 and mild steel in 0.5 M NaCl environment was investigated using electrochemical techniques. Tafel plots obtained from the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) experiments indicate that for both metals, the curves shifted toward more negative values of the corrosion current density (Icorr) as the inhibitor concentration increased. More so, for all concentrations of the inhibitor, the values of maximum displacement shift in corrosion potential (Ecorr) were found to be less than 85 mV. This shows that SM behaves like a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study shows that for both metals, the charge transfer resistance (Rct) values increased with an increase in concentration of the inhibitor. The increase in values of Rct can be attributed to the formation of protective film at the metal-solution interface. The Nyquist plots show semi circles whose diameter increased as the inhibitor concentration is increased and this is suggestive of retardation in corrosion process. The inhibition efficiency values obtained in the EIS experiment were found to be in close conformity with those of the PDP experiment.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78022898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROUNDABOUT OF BALKAN MULTICULTURALISM","authors":"Lendrit Qell","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020229q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020229q","url":null,"abstract":"From Thucydides to Machiavelli, from Ranke and Mlichelet to Toynbee and Braudel all sought to illustrate the final picture, the compelling and unifying concept of culture and its place in society. In any society, one can identify a dominant culture that is cherished by the majority of citizens and one or more cultures or subcultures that partially or not at all accept the dominant values. Multiculturalism as an idea has been present since the epoch of ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. Since antiquity, thinking about politics has been a question of living together: how to create a society, how to reconcile the unity and plurality of values and cultures? Should we even out or bring awareness to the differences? Long-standing debates that constantly refresh these questions. This is where the idea of multiculturalism, the project of fair recognition of different “cultures” in the public space, is put forward. Europe is a symbol of multiculturalism, although often this rich content has been abused. The Balkans as a multicultural microcosm is an example of the parallel existence of numerous cultures, ethnicities, nations, faiths and religions. What evolution did multiculturalism experience until the creation of the last independent state, the Republic of Kosovo?","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"278 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86734042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TIME TRAVEL AND PARALLEL WORLDS IN CINEMATOGRAPHY","authors":"M. Ruzin","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020239r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020239r","url":null,"abstract":"Time travel is one of the biggest themes of science fiction, to the point of being considered a genre in itself. The idea of going to relive the past, or to discover the future in advance, is an old human dream caused by the fact that the human being progresses through time in a constant but irreversible way. One of the earliest mentions of time travel is the character of Merlin the Wizard in the Arthurian cycle of the Knights of the Round Table, who visited past times. The Celts believed in the possibility of time travel and parallel worlds, from tombs, mounds to other mythological places. The theme of time travel is partly related to the world of prophecies, which was also widespread among ancient peoples. Physicists and philosophers, as well as today’s science fiction thinkers and writers, have always been interested in time travel, the theoretical and surrealistic effects of light-speed travel, and the logical paradoxes that would arise from time travel.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83480273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUSTAINABLE TOURISM WITHIN THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA UNTIL 2030","authors":"Flamur Miftari","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020245m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020245m","url":null,"abstract":"Within the framework of the National Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia until 2030 as an act of strategic planning of the Republic of Croatia for this decade, the following vision of the :recognizable identity and culture, a country with preserved resources, quality living conditions and equal opportunities for everyone. Economic and social development in balance with nature, envisaged within the defined four development directions, will create opportunities for current and future generations, whereby people will be at the center of all investments: – sustainable economy and society, – strengthening resistance to crises, – green and digital transition, – balanced regional development. The development direction “Sustainable economy and society” will contribute to policies aimed at achieving four strategic goals, and within the established strategic goal 1. “Competitive and innovative economy” as priority area 4.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86389193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“OTHERNESS” DEPICTED IN TRAVELOGUES: MACEDONIA IN GERMAN-LANGUAGE TRAVELOGUES","authors":"Milica Denkovska","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020235d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020235d","url":null,"abstract":"In the German-language travelogues, the term Macedonia is mostly used almost exclusively as a geographical designation. The reasons for this lie in the author’s perception, which is basically burdened by his own mission, cultural background and already (subtly) imposed stereotypes built on the basis of previous knowledge (information that is also shaped according to these factors). The missions are different: economic, political, natural-scientific, religious, sociological-ethnological, in some cases literary-scientific. That is why it is difficult to identify the literary genre in one of the established literary frameworks. What can be confirmed about this genre with absolute certainty is its multidisciplinary approach, and it will be investigated from this perspective. In this paper, the factors that influence the perception of the travel writer during his creation will be considered. The aim is to present the representation of Macedonia in German-language travelogues, focusing centrally on the travel writer and covering all the factors influencing his work as he presents Macedonia in his works.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87293837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NFTs AND COPYRIGHT LAW","authors":"Belma Mujević, M. Mujević","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020215m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020215m","url":null,"abstract":"NFT stands for “non-fungible token” and refers to a cryptographically protected asset that represents a unique object, work of art, real estate, ticket, or certificate. Like cryptocurrencies, each NFT contains ownership data to facilitate identification and transfer between token holders. By purchasing a token, the owner gets ownership of an asset in the digital or real world. NFTs are often minted by artists and creatives, but collectors and investors who purchase and use them may have a different perspective on who owns the copyrights to the content associated with the NFTs. Attorneys specializing in art law, although they have not yet fully explored it, are developing a familiarity with the current crypto community and future metaverse in order to understand how a public ledger registration tool has created scarcity and value for digital assets, such as digital artwork.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74132712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TURKEY’S SOFT POWER POLICY TOWARDS THE BALKANS","authors":"Violeta Dema","doi":"10.35120/sciencej020249d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej020249d","url":null,"abstract":"According to the official policy of Turkey, the Balkans are considered “as a sphere of influence since Turkey is also a Balkan country. The country pursues its main objectives in the region of “maintaining and strengthening peace, stability and sustainable development”, and that it “continues to support the accession of all the countries of the region to Europe and Euro-Atlantic institutions. “. In the “Balkan” policy of Turkey, a major role plays its diplomatic institution TIKA (Türk İşbirliği ve Koordinasyon Ajansı Başkanlığı, Turkish Agency for Cooperation and Coordination„, created in 1992 and active in the region since its creation. The case of the presence of Turkey in the Balkans is particularly interesting because the country maintains a rich and complex historical relationship with its Balkan neighbors.Its ancestor, the Ottoman Empire, deeply marked the region for more than five centuries.If the new Turkish Republic maintains Relatively limited relations with its former Ottoman provinces, the liberal opening of Turkish foreign policy by Turgut Özal from the 1980s marked a gradual return of Turkey to the region.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81641791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Characterization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Potential of Different Extracts and Biomolecules of the Roots of Paullinia pinnata (Sapindaceae)","authors":"Adjadi Jeanne Bervis, Kassi Amian Brise Benjamin, Ballo Daouda, Seri Seri Chardin, V. David, Pirat Jean-Luc, S. Yaya, Danho Doubou, A. Ané","doi":"10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/csji/2023/v32i3846","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases, which are now among the leading causes of death in the world, are increasingly prompting the search for new antioxidant remedies. It is in this context that the chemical study and evaluation of the antioxidant potential of the different extracts of Paullinia pinnata (Sapindaceae), a plant used in the traditional treatment of cardiovascular diseases was carried out. The assessment of antioxidant potential was carried out by the ABTS free radical scavenging method. Phytochemical study of extracts (ethyl acetate and aqueous) of Paullinia pinnata roots isolated epicatechin, laproanthocyanidin A-2, epicatechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin (cinnamtannin B-1) and O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone. These compounds were first isolated from the genus Paullinia pinnata from Côte d'Ivoire. Their structures are elucidated by spectroscopic analyses (NMR and MS) in comparison with data from the literature.","PeriodicalId":9803,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Science International Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73070070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}