Cellular and molecular biology最新文献

{"title":"IL-38 attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury through suppressing inflammation in mice.","authors":"Decui Liang, Lanxiang Dai, Hao Sun, Linlin Li","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2025.70.1.4","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2025.70.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Interleukin-38 (IL-38) is an emerging cytokine with multiple functions involved in infection and immunity. The present study aimed to determine whether IL-38 attenuates renal IR injury in an animal model and to identify the underlying mechanisms. For this purpose, the renal IRI model was induced by left renal pedicle clamping for 45 min and right nephrectomy in mice. All mice were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or IL-38. Renal histology, function, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. mRNAs were detected by Real-time PCR. The proteins were measured by Western blot. Results showed that the expression of IL-38 mRNA and protein in kidney tissue was significantly increased at 6 h and reached a peak at 24 h after renal IRI, along with the kidney dysfunction. IL-38 significantly decreased renal IRI, as reflected by the attenuation of renal dysfunction, tubular damage and cellular apoptosis. Thus, IL-38 markedly ameliorated the survival rate after renal IRI. In addition, IL-38 significantly increased the level of cytoplasmic IκB-α and suppressed the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which inhibited the expression and release of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, IL-38 significantly protects against renal IRI probably by inhibiting pro-inflammatory reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"71 1","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum in blood donors with DNA confirmation of seropositivity.","authors":"Haween T Nanakaly, Shireen A Dzayee, Ashti M Said, Saleem S Qader","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2025.71.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2025.71.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising global incidence of syphilis underscores the risk of transmission through blood transfusions. Treponema pallidum, the pathogen responsible for syphilis, represents a major public health challenge. Accurate detection is essential for controlling the disease, particularly in asymptomatic blood donors. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of specific antibodies against T. pallidum in blood donors, confirmed by DNA testing for seropositivity. The goal was to enhance our understanding of syphilis exposure and improve the safety of blood donations. A total of 1,260 HIV, HCV, and HBsAg-negative blood donors were screened for T. pallidum-specific antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Initially, reactive samples were re-evaluated, and those repeatedly reactive were classified as seropositive for syphilis. ELISA-positive samples were further tested for T. pallidum DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data analysis was done using SPSS with a level of significance p< 0.05 Of 1,260 blood donors, the seroprevalence of anti-T. pallidum antibodies was 0.158%, with both positive cases confirmed by PCR. The prevalence was 0.2% in males and 0.00% in females, with no significant gender differences (P > 0.05). The highest prevalence was in the 31-40 age group (0.5%), but this was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences by donation type or marital status. Significant associations were observed with educational level (P < 0.05), with higher prevalence among high school graduates Our results confirm syphilis in Iraqi blood donors, highlighting the need for routine T. pallidum ELISA screening at transfusion centers. Positive cases should be discarded and affected donors treated. ELISA is an effective primary screening method, consistent with WHO guidelines for low-prevalence settings, and is essential for preventing transfusion transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"71 5","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and molecular characterization of three allexiviruses infecting garlic crop in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Muhammad Amir, Mahmoud Amer, Zaheer Khalid, Muhammad Zaman, Mohammed Al-Saleh","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.8","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Forty-four samples of garlic plants showing virus-like symptoms were collected, during the growing season (2021-2022) from different locations in Qassim province, Saudi Arabia. These samples were analyzed by ELISA against the important Allium allexiviruses including garlic virus A (GarV-A), garlic virus B (GarV-B), garlic virus C (GarV-C), and Shallot virus X (ShVX). The obtained results showed that 22/44 (50%) samples were found to be infected with one of the tested viruses. Mixed infections were detected in 13/22 samples (59.1%) with more than one virus. However, 13.6%, 0% and 27.2% were detected as single infection with GarV-A, GarV-B and GarV-C respectively. RT-PCR amplification with general allexiviruses primer (750 bp) and specific primers for GarV-A (1330 bp), GarV-B (1216 bp) and GarV-C (1557 bp) were used to detect the respective viruses. The phylogenetic tree and nucleotide sequence analysis of one of each GarV-A (OQ397541), GarV-B (OQ397542) and GarV-C (OQ397543) with general primer for allexiviruses while one isolate of each GarV-A (ON155441), GarV-B (OR343811) and two isolates of GarV-C (ON155445, and ON155446) with specific primers showed their similarity with their respective viruses from GenBank. In host range study, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Nicotiana benthamiana, N. tabacum and Allium cepa expressed necrotic lesions, mosaic and yellowing symptoms respectively against GarV-A, GarV-B and GarV-C. To our knowledge, this is the first report of GarV-A, GarV-B, and GarV-C in Saudi Arabia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of Enterococcus-derived bacteriocins against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","authors":"Ghufran Nazam Adul-Hur, Safa Ahmed Abed Abed, Halah Farazdaq Rafeeq, Mohsin Rasheed Mohsin, Esraa Ahmed Abdul Qader","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.22","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key concern in clinical settings due to its high level of resistance to antibiotics, making infections given rise to this bacterium very problematic to treat. The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a danger to treatments and stresses the necessity to find new antimicrobial drugs. In a neoteric study, P. aeruginosa was found in a suction machine tube, affirming the importance of identifying and managing potential sources of infection in healthcare facilities-many strains of Enterococcus faecium output bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial compounds. The study aimed to produce, isolate, purify, and characterize a new bacteriocin from E. Faecium found in stool samples and to investigate the effects of E. Faecium and its bacteriocin on multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in laboratory conditions. E. faecium is a kind of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) set up in the intestines of both humans and animals. In a study, stool specimens from 79 healthy individuals aged 5 to 35 were collected, yielding 70 isolates of Enterococcus spp. These bacteria exhibit growth in aerobic conditions and are identified through the API20 method. A crude preparation was made to extract the E. faecium bacteriocin by combining it with n-butanol in a 1:1 ml ratio in BHIB and then refining it using an ion exchange column. Through this purification process, the final specific activity of purified enterocin GH reached 38.19 U mg with a 4761.9 purification fold. The molecular weight of the E. faecium bacteriocin was determined using ion exchange chromatography. The study also examines how temperature and pH affect the activity of pure enterocin GH using Staphylococcus aureus and P. aeruginosa Type Culture Collection. Both crude and purified enterocin GH from E. faecium exhibited significant antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa isolates when compared to the control (p<0.05). Additionally, the antibiofilm activity of enterocin GH was found to be more effective than penicillin (p<0.05) in preventing biofilm formation on the suction machine's tube.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"157-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms and implications of antibiotic resistance in gram-positive bacterial strains.","authors":"Naifa Alenazi","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.20","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotics play a fundamental role in protecting millions of lives from infectious diseases. However, an important drawback of antibiotic treatment is that each advancement was followed by the development of resistance. This is due to the fact that the majority of pathogenic bacteria are capable of becoming resistant to a number of antimicrobial agents. There are a number of resistance mechanisms the microorganism may possess naturally or by acquisition from other microorganisms. The main mechanisms of resistance to a medication include altering its target, preventing its absorption, causing it to efflux actively, and rendering it inactive. Many types of gram-positive bacteria that cause serious infections in both the community and healthcare system are listed among the most dangerous bacteria according to the WHO's published list, which calls for the development of novel antibiotics to address the resistance issue. The following three strains, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, are of special importance. Therefore, this review highlighted the main mechanisms and consequences of antibiotic resistance in Gram-positive bacterial strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"147-151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of serum levels of irisin, tumor necrosis factor and some biochemical variables in males with prostate cancer in Baghdad City.","authors":"Hanan Shihab Ahmad, Araf Sabah Abdulwahed, Marwan Abdulrazzaq Kamil","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.21","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer is the most common type after the age of fifty. It affects males and affects the prostate gland, which protects the function of sperm by producing semen. The current study was designed to evaluate prostate cancer infection effects on some biomarkers such as irisin, Tumor necrosis factor-TNF-α, prostate acid phosphates -PAP, Glutathione-GSH, malondialdehyde-MDA, urea, and creatinine. The study was conducted on 50 males infected with prostate cancer and 30 healthy males (control group) who attended the Baghdad Teaching Hospital -Medical City Center/Baghdad, Iraq, from 20/6/2024 to 1/8/2024. The results of the current research showed a significant elevation in (Irisin, TNF-α, PAP, MDA, urea, and creatinine) concentration and a significant decrease in (GSH) concentration in the serum of patients compared to the healthy subjects in the probability of P≤0.05. Irisin and some variables are important physiological biomarkers that can support the diagnosis of prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional analysis of the PIP5K1A gene in Liaoning Cashmere goats: an investigation based on bioinformatics, tissue localization, and biological functions.","authors":"Mei Jin, Weiyu Fan, Tianwei Xue, Linlin Cong","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.6","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liaoning cashmere goat is an outstanding breed in China primarily for cashmere production, with strict controls against genetic outflow. Melatonin(MT) is a key factor affecting cashmere growth, and preliminary transcriptome sequencing indicated that melatonin upregulates the expression of the PIP5K1A gene in skin fibroblasts. To predict the physicochemical properties of PIP5K1A in Liaoning cashmere goats, ascertain the tissue localization of PIP5K1A in their skin, and explore the role and mechanism of PIP5K1A in the proliferation of skin fibroblasts. This aims to provide new insights into improving the yield and quality of cashmere. Bioinformatics software was used to predict the physicochemical properties, hydrophobicity, signal peptides, transmembrane regions, secondary structure, subcellular localization, and conserved sites of PIP5K1A, and to construct a phylogenetic tree for the PIP5K1A gene across different species. siRNA technology was employed to interfere with PIP5K1A in skin fibroblasts; lentiviral vector construction techniques were used to overexpress PIP5K1A in skin fibroblasts; Western blot analysis detected changes in protein expression in cells; RT-qPCR was used to detect changes in gene expression; cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 method; hair follicle structure was observed by HE staining; and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the distribution of PIP5K1A in skin hair follicles. The PIP5K1A gene in Liaoning cashmere goats encodes 573 amino acids, classified as a soluble unstable protein without signal peptides or transmembrane regions; its secondary structure is primarily random coil; it contains one conserved domain - PIPKc superfamily. Phylogenetic analysis of the PIP5K1A gene from different species shows that goats have the closest kinship with sheep. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that PIP5K1A is specifically expressed in the outer root sheath of hair follicles; melatonin promotes the expression of the PIP5K1A gene and protein level; overexpression of PIP5K1A can promote cell proliferation, whereas interference with PIP5K1A significantly reverses melatonin-induced cell proliferation; after overexpressing PIP5K1A, the expression levels of chi-miR-34c-5p and chi-miR-novel-86 are downregulated. Conclusion: PIP5K1A is located in the outer root sheath of skin hair follicles in Liaoning Cashmere Goats. Overexpression of PIP5K1A can promote the proliferation of skin fibroblasts, interference with PIP5K1A can significantly reverse cell proliferation induced by melatonin, and PIP5K1A can regulate the expression of chi-miR-34c-5p and chi-miR-novel-86 in skin fibroblasts of Liaoning cashmere goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CircRNAs in extracellular vesicles associated with triple-negative breast cancer.","authors":"Ashraf Ahmed Qurtam","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.14","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive cancer with distant metastasis. Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that exosomes are involved in TNBC metastasis. Elucidating the mechanism underlying TNBC metastasis has important clinical significance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present a promising avenue for diagnosing and treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) through a technique called \"liquid biopsy,\" offering a new wellspring of biomarkers. These tiny lipid bilayer vesicles, released by most cells, carry a diverse array of RNA molecules that can influence the behaviour of recipient cells. Among these, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a subtype of noncoding RNAs capable of modulating gene expression by sponging microRNAs, thus playing crucial roles in various aspects of cancer development and progression, including TNBC. Despite their significance, our understanding of circRNAs involvement in TNBC remains incomplete. However, studies have shown that circRNAs are abundant in EVs, with exosomal circRNAs (exo-circRNAs) particularly influential in cancer biology. These exo-circRNAs can be taken up by neighboring or distant cells, impacting numerous aspects of their physiological states, thereby enhancing cell communication and tumor dissemination. This review provides an overview of EVs key characteristics and functions before delving into exo-circRNAs potential roles in driving or suppressing TNBC, as well as their implications for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical characterization of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) leaf essential oil and evaluation of its antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant activities.","authors":"Hakim Haj Moussa, Benamara Sara, Hadia Benhalima, Fouzia Benaliouche, Ibtissem Sbartai, Hana Sbartai","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.1","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) extracted by hydrodistillation from dry Eucalyptus leaves (Eucalyptus globulus) and its antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant potential. The Eucalyptus leaves were harvested in the commune of Seraïdi (north-eastern Algeria). Chemical analysis carried out by chromatography coupled with mass spectrophotometry (GC-SM) revealed the presence of 20 molecules representing approximately 100% of the overall component, with a yield of 1.58%. This oil is composed mainly of linalool (30.09%), followed by b-Linalyl oxide (13.93%), Camphor (12.09%), 1,8-Cineole=eucalyptol (10.95%) and Bergamol (10.03%). Other constituents were identified at relatively medium (Epoxylinalol - 8.82%, Borneol - 5.71%) and low (alpha-Terpinol - 1.11) levels. This result shows that this EO differs from those usually extracted from eucalyptus leaves because it is of linalool chemotype and not eucalyptol. The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was carried out to evaluate the antifungal activity of Eucalyptus EO on the growth of Fusarium roseum mycelium. The values recorded are 2500µg/ml for the MIC and 4000µg/ml for the MFC. The results obtained revealed an antifungal activity of this oil for practically all doses applied against Fusarium mycelial proliferation despite the low reported levels of 1,8-cineole compared to the other components. The antibacterial activity against the Pseudomonas savastanoi strain was also examined which revealed effectiveness of this oil. In parallel, the DPPH test revealed a moderate antioxidant activity of the studied EO compared to Vit C with an IC50 17mg/ml probably due to its components' antagonistic or synergistic effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum in blood donors with DNA confirmation of seropositivity.","authors":"Haween T Nanakaly, Shireen A Dzayee, Ashti M Said, Saleem S Qader","doi":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.18","DOIUrl":"10.14715/cmb/2024.70.12.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising global incidence of syphilis underscores the risk of transmission through blood transfusions. Treponema pallidum, the pathogen responsible for syphilis, represents a major public health challenge. Accurate detection is essential for controlling the disease, particularly in asymptomatic blood donors. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of specific antibodies against T. pallidum in blood donors, confirmed by DNA testing for seropositivity. The goal was to enhance our understanding of syphilis exposure and improve the safety of blood donations. A total of 1,260 HIV, HCV, and HBsAg-negative blood donors were screened for T. pallidum-specific antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Initially, reactive samples were re-evaluated, and those repeatedly reactive were classified as seropositive for syphilis. ELISA-positive samples were further tested for T. pallidum DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data analysis was done using SPSS with a level of significance p< 0.05 Of 1,260 blood donors, the seroprevalence of anti-T. pallidum antibodies was 0.158%, with both positive cases confirmed by PCR. The prevalence was 0.2% in males and 0.00% in females, with no significant gender differences (P > 0.05). The highest prevalence was in the 31-40 age group (0.5%), but this was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences by donation type or marital status. Significant associations were observed with educational level (P < 0.05), with higher prevalence among high school graduates Our results confirm syphilis in Iraqi blood donors, highlighting the need for routine T. pallidum ELISA screening at transfusion centers. Positive cases should be discarded and affected donors treated. ELISA is an effective primary screening method, consistent with WHO guidelines for low-prevalence settings, and is essential for preventing transfusion transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":9802,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular biology","volume":"70 12","pages":"135-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}