Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115109
Vanesa R Hyde, Chaoming Zhou, Juan R Fernandez, Krishnashis Chatterjee, Pururav Ramakrishna, Amanda Lin, Gregory W Fisher, Orhan Tunç Çeliker, Jill Caldwell, Omer Bender, Peter Joseph Sauer, Jose Lugo-Martinez, Daniel Z Bar, Leonardo D'Aiuto, Or A Shemesh
{"title":"Anti-herpetic tau preserves neurons via the cGAS-STING-TBK1 pathway in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Vanesa R Hyde, Chaoming Zhou, Juan R Fernandez, Krishnashis Chatterjee, Pururav Ramakrishna, Amanda Lin, Gregory W Fisher, Orhan Tunç Çeliker, Jill Caldwell, Omer Bender, Peter Joseph Sauer, Jose Lugo-Martinez, Daniel Z Bar, Leonardo D'Aiuto, Or A Shemesh","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis relies on the presence of extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau). Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between AD pathologies and infectious agents, with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) being a leading candidate. Our investigation, using metagenomics, mass spectrometry, western blotting, and decrowding expansion pathology, detects HSV-1-associated proteins in human brain samples. Expression of the herpesvirus protein ICP27 increases with AD severity and strongly colocalizes with p-tau but not with Aβ. Modeling in human brain organoids shows that HSV-1 infection elevates tau phosphorylation. Notably, p-tau reduces ICP27 expression and markedly decreases post-infection neuronal death from 64% to 7%. This modeling prompts investigation into the cGAS-STING-TBK1 pathway products, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and IRF-3, which colocalizes with ICP27 and p-tau in AD. Furthermore, experimental activation of STING enhances tau phosphorylation, while TBK1 inhibition prevents it. Together, these findings suggest that tau phosphorylation acts as an innate immune response in AD, driven by cGAS-STING.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":" ","pages":"115109"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115099
Lihong Sheng, Jianpeng Gao, Qingyuan Wei, Ye Gong, Zhi-Xiang Xu
{"title":"The glial UDP-glycosyltransferase Ugt35b regulates longevity by maintaining lipid homeostasis in Drosophila.","authors":"Lihong Sheng, Jianpeng Gao, Qingyuan Wei, Ye Gong, Zhi-Xiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic organelles essential for lipid storage and organismal survival. Studies have highlighted the importance of glial function in brain LD formation during aging; however, the genes and mechanisms involved remain elusive. Here, we found that Ugt35b, a member of the uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases that catalyze the transfer of glycosyl groups to acceptors, is highly expressed in glia and crucial for Drosophila lifespan. By integrating multiomics data, we demonstrated that glial Ugt35b plays key roles in regulating glycerolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism in the brain. Notably, we found that Ugt35b and Lsd-2 are co-expressed in glia and confirmed their protein interaction in vivo. Knockdown of Ugt35b significantly reduced LD formation by downregulating Lsd-2 expression, while overexpression of Lsd-2 partially rescued the shortened lifespan in glial Ugt35b RNAi flies. Our findings reveal the crucial role of glial Ugt35b in regulating LD formation to maintain brain lipid homeostasis and support Drosophila lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115099"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115072
Mohd Saqib, Shreya Das, Tanvir N Nafiz, Elizabeth McDonough, Poornima Sankar, Lokesh K Mishra, Ximeng Zhang, Yi Cai, Selvakumar Subbian, Bibhuti B Mishra
{"title":"Pathogenic role for CD101-negative neutrophils in the type I interferon-mediated immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis.","authors":"Mohd Saqib, Shreya Das, Tanvir N Nafiz, Elizabeth McDonough, Poornima Sankar, Lokesh K Mishra, Ximeng Zhang, Yi Cai, Selvakumar Subbian, Bibhuti B Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neutrophils are vital for immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), yet their heterogeneous nature suggests a complex role in TB pathogenesis. Here, we identify two distinct neutrophil populations based on CD101 expression, highlighting their divergent roles in TB. CD101-negative (CD101<sup>-ve</sup>) neutrophils, which resemble immature, pro-inflammatory granulocytes, exhibit reduced Mtb phagocytosis compared to their mature, CD101-positive (CD101<sup>+ve</sup>) counterparts. Our findings reveal that type I interferons (IFN-Is) suppress neutrophil Mtb uptake and drive the recruitment of CD101<sup>-ve</sup> neutrophils to the lungs. Infiltration of these cells promotes Mtb extracellular persistence, exacerbates epithelial damage, and impairs surfactant production. Furthermore, we demonstrate that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and chemokine receptor CXCR2 are essential for the pulmonary accumulation of CD101<sup>-ve</sup> neutrophils. Our study uncovers a pathogenic role for CD101<sup>-ve</sup> neutrophils in TB and highlights the IFN-I-dependent recruitment of this functionally compromised immature neutrophil as a driver of TB immunopathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115072"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2024-12-21DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115160
Sang Joon Lee, Douglas Emery, Eric Vukmanic, Yekai Wang, Xiaoqin Lu, Wei Wang, Enzo Fortuny, Robert James, Henry J Kaplan, Yongqing Liu, Jianhai Du, Douglas C Dean
{"title":"Metabolic transcriptomics dictate responses of cone photoreceptors to retinitis pigmentosa.","authors":"Sang Joon Lee, Douglas Emery, Eric Vukmanic, Yekai Wang, Xiaoqin Lu, Wei Wang, Enzo Fortuny, Robert James, Henry J Kaplan, Yongqing Liu, Jianhai Du, Douglas C Dean","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115160","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115160"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115130
Kyle N Dunlap, Austin Bender, Alexis Bowles, Alex J Bott, Joshua Tay, Allie H Grossmann, Jared Rutter, Gregory S Ducker
{"title":"SLC7A5 is required for cancer cell growth under arginine-limited conditions.","authors":"Kyle N Dunlap, Austin Bender, Alexis Bowles, Alex J Bott, Joshua Tay, Allie H Grossmann, Jared Rutter, Gregory S Ducker","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor cells must optimize metabolite acquisition between synthesis and uptake from a microenvironment characterized by hypoxia, lactate accumulation, and depletion of many amino acids, including arginine. We performed a metabolism-focused functional screen using CRISPR-Cas9 to identify pathways and factors that enable tumor growth in an arginine-depleted environment. Our screen identified the SLC-family transporter SLC7A5 as required for growth, and we hypothesized that this protein functions as a high-affinity citrulline transporter. Using isotope tracing experiments, we show that citrulline uptake and metabolism into arginine are dependent upon expression of SLC7A5. Pharmacological inhibition of SLC7A5 blocks growth under low-arginine conditions across a diverse group of cancer cell lines. Loss of SLC7A5 reduces tumor growth and citrulline import in a mouse tumor model. We identify a conditionally essential role for SLC7A5 in arginine metabolism, and we propose that SLC7A5-targeting therapeutic strategies in cancer may be effective in the context of arginine limitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115130"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115190
Youngjun Kim, Francesca Manara, Simon Grassmann, Kalina T Belcheva, Kanelly Reyes, Hyunu Kim, Stephanie Downs-Canner, William T Yewdell, Joseph C Sun, Jayanta Chaudhuri
{"title":"IL-21 shapes the B cell response in a context-dependent manner.","authors":"Youngjun Kim, Francesca Manara, Simon Grassmann, Kalina T Belcheva, Kanelly Reyes, Hyunu Kim, Stephanie Downs-Canner, William T Yewdell, Joseph C Sun, Jayanta Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The T-cell-derived cytokine IL-21 is crucial for germinal center (GC) responses, but its precise role in B cell function has remained elusive. Using IL-21 receptor (Il21r) conditional knockout mice and ex vivo culture systems, we demonstrate that IL-21 has dual effects on B cells. While IL-21 induced apoptosis in a STAT3-dependent manner in naive B cells, it promoted the robust proliferation of pre-activated B cells, particularly IgG1<sup>+</sup> B cells. In vivo, B-cell-specific Il21r deletion impaired IgG1 responses post-immunization and disrupted progression from pre-GC to GC states. Although Il21r deficiency did not affect the proportion of IgG1<sup>+</sup> cells among GC B cells, it greatly diminished the proportion of IgG1<sup>+</sup> cells among the plasmablast/plasma cell population. Collectively, our findings suggest that IL-21 serves as a critical regulator of B cell fates, influencing B cell apoptosis and proliferation in a context-dependent manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115190"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115202
Ashley F George, Jason Neidleman, Xiaoyu Luo, Julie Frouard, Natalie Elphick, Kailin Yin, Kyrlia C Young, Tongcui Ma, Alicer K Andrew, Ifeanyi J Ezeonwumelu, Jesper G Pedersen, Antoine Chaillon, Magali Porrachia, Brendon Woodworth, Martin R Jakobsen, Reuben Thomas, Davey M Smith, Sara Gianella, Nadia R Roan
{"title":"Anatomical, subset, and HIV-dependent expression of viral sensors and restriction factors.","authors":"Ashley F George, Jason Neidleman, Xiaoyu Luo, Julie Frouard, Natalie Elphick, Kailin Yin, Kyrlia C Young, Tongcui Ma, Alicer K Andrew, Ifeanyi J Ezeonwumelu, Jesper G Pedersen, Antoine Chaillon, Magali Porrachia, Brendon Woodworth, Martin R Jakobsen, Reuben Thomas, Davey M Smith, Sara Gianella, Nadia R Roan","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We developed viral sensor and restriction factor-cytometry by time of flight (VISOR-CyTOF), which profiles 19 viral sensors and restriction factors (VISORs) simultaneously in single cells, and applied it to 41 postmortem tissues from people with HIV. Mucosal myeloid cells are well equipped with SAMHD1 and sensors of viral capsid and DNA while CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells are not. In lymph node CD4<sup>+</sup> Tfh, VISOR expression patterns reflect those favoring integration but blocking HIV gene expression, thus favoring viral latency. We also identify small subsets of bone marrow-, lung-, and gut-associated CD4<sup>+</sup> T and myeloid cells expressing high levels of restriction factors targeting most stages of the HIV replication cycle. In vitro, HIV preferentially fuses to CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells with a permissive VISOR profile, but early induction of select VISORs by T1IFN prevents productive HIV infection. Our findings document the diverse patterns of VISOR profiles across tissues and cellular subsets and define their association with susceptibility to HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115202"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115206
Jean-Ehrland Ricci
{"title":"Tumor-induced metabolic immunosuppression: Mechanisms and therapeutic targets.","authors":"Jean-Ehrland Ricci","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic reprogramming in both immune and cancer cells plays a crucial role in the antitumor immune response. Recent studies indicate that cancer metabolism not only sustains carcinogenesis and survival via altered signaling but also modulates immune cell function. Metabolic crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment results in nutrient competition and acidosis, thereby hindering immune cell functionality. Interestingly, immune cells also undergo metabolic reprogramming that enables their proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions. This review highlights the regulation of antitumor immune responses through metabolic reprogramming in cancer and immune cells and explores therapeutic strategies that target these metabolic pathways in cancer immunotherapy, including using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. We discuss innovative combinations of immunotherapy, cellular therapies, and metabolic interventions that could optimize the efficacy of existing treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115206"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115213
Robert S Porter, Sojin An, Maria C Gavilan, Masayoshi Nagai, Yumie Murata-Nakamura, Bo Zhou, Katherine M Bonefas, Olivier Dionne, Jeru Manoj Manuel, Joannie St-Germain, Suzanne Gascon, Jacqueline Kim, Liam Browning, Benoit Laurent, Uhn-Soo Cho, Shigeki Iwase
{"title":"Coordinated neuron-specific splicing events restrict nucleosome engagement of the LSD1 histone demethylase complex.","authors":"Robert S Porter, Sojin An, Maria C Gavilan, Masayoshi Nagai, Yumie Murata-Nakamura, Bo Zhou, Katherine M Bonefas, Olivier Dionne, Jeru Manoj Manuel, Joannie St-Germain, Suzanne Gascon, Jacqueline Kim, Liam Browning, Benoit Laurent, Uhn-Soo Cho, Shigeki Iwase","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chromatin regulatory proteins are expressed broadly and assumed to exert the same intrinsic function across cell types. Here, we report that 14 chromatin regulators undergo evolutionary-conserved neuron-specific splicing events involving microexons. Among them are two components of a histone demethylase complex: LSD1 H3K4 demethylase and the H3K4me0-reader PHF21A. We found that neuronal LSD1 splicing reduces the enzymes' affinity to the nucleosome. Meanwhile, neuronal PHF21A splicing significantly attenuates histone H3 binding and further ablates the DNA-binding function exerted by an AT-hook motif. Furthermore, in vitro reconstitution of the canonical and neuronal PHF21A-LSD1 complexes, combined with in vivo methylation mapping, identified the neuronal complex as a hypomorphic H3K4 demethylating machinery. The neuronal PHF21A, albeit with its weaker nucleosome binding, is necessary for normal gene expression and the H3K4 landscape in the developing brain. Thus, ubiquitously expressed chromatin regulatory complexes can exert neuron-specific functions via alternative splicing of their subunits.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115213"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell reportsPub Date : 2025-01-28Epub Date: 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115205
Mari Aikio, Hana M Odeh, Heike J Wobst, Bo Lim Lee, Úna Chan, Jocelyn C Mauna, Korrie L Mack, Bradley Class, Thomas A Ollerhead, Alice F Ford, Edward M Barbieri, Ryan R Cupo, Lauren E Drake, Joshua L Smalley, Yuan-Ta Lin, Stephanie Lam, Reuben Thomas, Nicholas Castello, Ashmita Baral, Jenna N Beyer, Mohd A Najar, John Dunlop, Aaron D Gitler, Ashkan Javaherian, Julia A Kaye, George M Burslem, Dean G Brown, Christopher J Donnelly, Steven Finkbeiner, Stephen J Moss, Nicholas J Brandon, James Shorter
{"title":"Opposing roles of p38α-mediated phosphorylation and PRMT1-mediated arginine methylation in driving TDP-43 proteinopathy.","authors":"Mari Aikio, Hana M Odeh, Heike J Wobst, Bo Lim Lee, Úna Chan, Jocelyn C Mauna, Korrie L Mack, Bradley Class, Thomas A Ollerhead, Alice F Ford, Edward M Barbieri, Ryan R Cupo, Lauren E Drake, Joshua L Smalley, Yuan-Ta Lin, Stephanie Lam, Reuben Thomas, Nicholas Castello, Ashmita Baral, Jenna N Beyer, Mohd A Najar, John Dunlop, Aaron D Gitler, Ashkan Javaherian, Julia A Kaye, George M Burslem, Dean G Brown, Christopher J Donnelly, Steven Finkbeiner, Stephen J Moss, Nicholas J Brandon, James Shorter","doi":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.celrep.2024.115205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder typically characterized by insoluble inclusions of hyperphosphorylated TDP-43. The mechanisms underlying toxic TDP-43 accumulation are not understood. Persistent activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is implicated in ALS. However, it is unclear how p38 MAPK affects TDP-43 proteinopathy. Here, we show that p38α MAPK inhibition reduces pathological TDP-43 phosphorylation, aggregation, cytoplasmic mislocalization, and neurotoxicity. Remarkably, p38α MAPK inhibition mitigates aberrant TDP-43 phenotypes in diverse ALS patient-derived motor neurons. p38α MAPK phosphorylates TDP-43 at pathological S409/S410 and S292, which reduces TDP-43 liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) but allows pathological TDP-43 aggregation. Moreover, we establish that PRMT1 methylates TDP-43 at R293. Importantly, S292 phosphorylation reduces R293 methylation, and R293 methylation reduces S409/S410 phosphorylation. Notably, R293 methylation permits TDP-43 LLPS and reduces pathological TDP-43 aggregation. Thus, strategies to reduce p38α-mediated TDP-43 phosphorylation and promote PRMT1-mediated R293 methylation could have therapeutic utility for ALS and related TDP-43 proteinopathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9798,"journal":{"name":"Cell reports","volume":"44 1","pages":"115205"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}