{"title":"Byproduct from Triphala Extraction as Tannin and Rutin Sources for Production of Gallic Acid, Isoquercetin and Quercetin by Solid-State Fermentation","authors":"T. Chysirichote, Pattarabhorn Pakaweerachat","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.1967","url":null,"abstract":"Byproduct from Triphala extraction process (BTP) was studied as a substrate for gallic acid, isoquercetin and quercetin production by Aspergillus niger fermentation in this research. The results showed that BTP was a good source of tannin and rutin. Neverthe less, the activity of A. niger on BTP as a sole substrate was very low. Supplementing nitro gen sources was found to be a key to enhancing conversion of tannin to gallic acid, and rutin to isoquercetin or isoquercetin and quercetin. BTP with 0.75 % sodium nitrate was sug gested to be an optimal supplemented nitrogen source for the production of gallic acid and isoquercetin in this research, which yielded the highest contents of 61.6±2.16 mg g –1DS and 3.27±0.29 mg g –1DS , respectively. In addition, the highest extraction yields of gallic acid, isoquercetin and quercetin were obtained by an ultrasoundassisted extraction using methanol as an extraction solvent as 12.24±2.12 mg g –1DS which was around 0.5 time higher than the one without ultrasoundassisted extraction (8.84±1.12 mg g –1DS ).","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48873363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Separation of Crocin/Betanin Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems Containing Ionic Liquid and Sorbitol","authors":"Roozbeh Madadi, Shahla Shahriari, H. Mozafari","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.2038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.2038","url":null,"abstract":"Betanin and crocin, two food additives with attractive colors, are bioactive compounds of plants that are widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and medical industries. These bioactive pigments are sensitive to light, heat, organic solvents, and pH. It seems that a benign economic method is needed to extract these biomolecules, especially for industrial applications. The aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is a liquid-liquid extraction technique that has shown its potential in recent years to extract and separate biomolecules. In this study, an ATPS consisting of carbohydrate (sorbitol) and ionic liquid (tetrabutyl phosphonium bromide) has been proposed as a new separation system with unique properties to study the partition coefficient of crocin and betanin. The results indicated that crocin and betanin had more tendency to the ionic liquid (IL)-rich phase and carbohydrate-rich phase, respectively. The influence of the concentration of IL and sorbitol on the partition coefficient was studied. The results showed that an increase in the tie-line length (concentrations) increased the partition coefficient of crocin and betanin. Enhancement in temperature increased the partition coefficient of crocin. The highest values of crocin recovery (97.55 %) and partition coefficient (39.85) at 308 K show that our proposed ATPS can be considered for crocin one step.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43561041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abad Hurtado, J. Flores-Santos, C. N. Flores-Fernández, S. Saavedra, João H. P. M. Santos, A. Pessoa-Júnior, M. Lienqueo, M. Bayro, A. Zavaleta
{"title":"A Novel L-Asparaginase from Enterobacter sp. Strain M55 from Maras Salterns in Peru","authors":"Abad Hurtado, J. Flores-Santos, C. N. Flores-Fernández, S. Saavedra, João H. P. M. Santos, A. Pessoa-Júnior, M. Lienqueo, M. Bayro, A. Zavaleta","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2022.2064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2022.2064","url":null,"abstract":"L-Asparaginase (ASNase) is used in medicine for neoplasms treatment and in food industry for mitigation of acrylamide in high-temperature processed food. In medicine, commercial ASNases have exhibited side effects and l -glutaminase (GLNase) activity affecting the clinical treatment. The aim of this work was to study a novel ASNase from Enterobacter sp. M55 isolated from Maras Salters in Peru, which was purified and biochemically characterised. This ASNase exhibited a K m of 5.71 mM and a V max of 0.16 µmol mL –1 min –1 , as well as an optimum temperature and pH of 37 °C and 6, respectively. Moreover, a good activity (80 %) was observed at physiological pH. Likewise, the enzyme increased its activity by around 50% in presence of urea, glutathione, and glucose. Whilst in presence of serum compounds, it kept more that 60 % of activity. In addition, this ASNase showed low GLNase activity.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49099461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine Learning Approaches for Fault Detection in Semiconductor Manufacturing Process: A Critical Review of Recent Applications and Future Perspectives","authors":"V. Arpitha, A. Pani","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.1973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.1973","url":null,"abstract":"In modern industries, early fault detection is crucial for maintaining process safety and product quality. Process data contains information on the entire plant acting as a map for visualization of relationships between various plant units, making data-driven process monitoring a key technology for efficiency enhancement. This article focuses on review of process monitoring techniques reported for metal etching process, which is a batch operation carried out in semiconductor manufacturing industry. Various machine learning (and deep learning) techniques applied to date for fault detection and diagnosis of metal etching process are surveyed. Detailed survey of research work on different techniques and the reported results are presented in graphical (pie chart and bar chart) and tabular format. The review article further presents the pros and cons, gaps and future directions in the techniques applied in metal etching process.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48800283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemisorption Role of Clay Surfaces in the Synthesis of Porphyrins from its Raw Materials via Room Temperature Reactions","authors":"J. Hassen, J. Silver","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.2001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42644127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sana Naseem, H. Aslam, Aamir Abbas, Sara Sumbal, Rizwan Ali, Muhammad Usman
{"title":"Synthesis and Application of Cobalt-based Metal-organic Framework for Adsorption of Humic Acid from Water","authors":"Sana Naseem, H. Aslam, Aamir Abbas, Sara Sumbal, Rizwan Ali, Muhammad Usman","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.1960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.1960","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the adsorption of humic acid on cobalt based metal-organic framework (Co-MOF) was investigated. Co-MOF was synthesized via solvothermal technique and further characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectros-copy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterization results of material confirm the formation of MOF structure. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, as well as isosteric heat of adsorption were also investigated by obtaining experimental adsorption data through batch experimentation. Optimum adsorption uptake of ~91 mg g –1 was attained at pH 6 and 305 K. Regression analysis of experimental results revealed that adsorption kinetics follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and adsorption can reach equilibrium at ~20 min. Adsorption isotherm data can be well fitted with Koble Corrigan isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the adsorption of humic acid is a spontaneous, endothermic, and physical process, while isosteric heat evaluations revealed the heterogeneous nature of the adsorbent. Overall, the Co-MOF was a promising choice to adsorb humic acid from water.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48905066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anđelina Bubalo, D. Vouk, Danica Maljković, T. Bolanča
{"title":"Gasification of Sewage Sludge in a Rotary Kiln Reactor – A Case Study with Incorporation of Sewage Sludge Ash in Brick Production","authors":"Anđelina Bubalo, D. Vouk, Danica Maljković, T. Bolanča","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.2030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.2030","url":null,"abstract":"The gasification of sewage sludge (SS) was studied in a semi-industrial pilot plant consisting of a rotary kiln reactor. The gasification process was preceded by drying the SS in an integrated tubular rotating structure with built-in worm conveyors, to increase the dry matter (DM) content in the SS (> 90 wt.%). The released hydrogen-rich syngas from the gasification process of SS had low heating value (LHV) of approximately 8.83 MJ N –1 m –3 (equal to 2.45 kWh N –1 m –3 ) due to the high content of combustible gases H 2 (41.5 vol.%) and CH 4 (3.2 vol.%). Also investigated was the incorporation of sewage sludge ash (SSA) generated in the process of gasification as a partial substitute for clay in the production of clay bricks. Amounts of 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 20 wt.% of clay were replaced by SSA. By incorporating SSA at 5 wt.%, the new brick product achieved 4.5 % higher compressive strength compared to the control brick.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44026158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on the Adsorption of 2-Chlorophenol onto Rice Straw Activated Carbon from Aqueous Solution and its Regeneration","authors":"M. Mahapatra, Arvind Kumar","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.2004","url":null,"abstract":"For this study a low-cost adsorbent, rice straw activated carbon (RSAC) was prepared via thermochemical routes after being impregnated with ZnCl 2 . Characterization studies performed on RSAC have revealed that RSAC is a mesoporous adsorbent with significant affinity towards 2-chlorophenol (2-CP). The optimal values for process parameters were investigated via experimental runs. The optimal values of process parameters such as RSAC dose, pH of 2-CP solution, contact time, and temperature were found to be; 1.25 g L –1 , 8, 125 min, and 303 K, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm and pseu-do-first-order kinetics models were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data for this adsorption system. The adsorption thermodynamics studies have revealed that the adsorption of 2-CP onto RSAC is exothermic and spontaneous. Regeneration studies of RSAC using hydrogen peroxide have revealed that RSAC was effectively regenerated for four consecutive cycles. This research has proved the potential of RSAC for abating 2-CP from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48763068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced Removal of the Xenobiotic Surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate from Actual Nondomestic Wastewaters Using Immobilized Mixed Bacterial Cells","authors":"Aya A.Najim, Z. Ismail, K. K. Hummadi","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.2017","url":null,"abstract":"Cell immobilization has been proven to offer noticeable benefits over conventional biological systems using free cells, particularly for recalcitrant compounds. In this study, mixed bacterial cells were alternatively immobilized in sodium alginate (SA) and in sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol (SA – PVA) for biodegradation of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Synthetically prepared SDS-bearing aqueous solution (SWW), as well as actual automobile service station wastewater (AWW) and laundry wastewater (LWW) were used. The results revealed that high removal efficiencies were achieved after 48 h for both types of beads. When SDS concentration in SWW increased from 10 to 1000 mg L –1 , SDS degradation using both types of beads were decreased from 99.71 % to 85.12 % using SA beads, and from 99.63 % to 83.29 % using SA-PVA beads. The removal efficiency of SDS in the actual (AWW) were 94.91 % and 93.82 % using SA beads and SA-PVA beads, respectively. While, for SDS-bearing laundry (LWW), the removal efficiencies were 94.39 % and 92.04 % using SA beads and SA-PVA beads, respectively. No decline in the biodegradation capacity of immobilized consortium was noted over its recycling and reuse. Both hydrogel matrices lasted for up to five cycles in the actual wastewaters. These promising results confirmed the validity of using immobilized mixed cells as an efficient and cost-effective approach for SDS biodegradation in real industrial wastewaters.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44195058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Reactive Extraction of Levulinic Acid from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"Anuj Kumar, Diwakar Z. Shende, K. Wasewar","doi":"10.15255/cabeq.2021.2031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2021.2031","url":null,"abstract":"The separation of levulinic acid from aqueous solutions is costly and non-ecofriendly in many cases. The major concerns are the low concentration of levulinic acid in fermentation broths and industrial downstreams. In this study, reactive extraction of levulinic acid from aqueous phase is proposed and its efficacy was investigated. Various extractants viz. tri-n-butyl phosphate, trioctylamine, and trioctylmethylammonium chloride along with i-octanol as a diluent were used. The extent of separation was investigated and various performance parameters like extraction efficiency, distribution coefficient, equilibrium complexation constant, and loading ratio were estimated. The number of transfer units, diffusivity, and mass transfer considerations were also discussed in the reactive separation system. Finally, the conceptual method was provided for the separation of levulinic acid using efficient reactive separation.","PeriodicalId":9765,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46983111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}