Chaos Solitons & Fractals最新文献

{"title":"Artificial neural network estimation for heated convective Carreau nanofluid model under the influence of magnetic, heat source/sink and cross diffusions over an exponentially stretching sheet","authors":"N.A. Shah ,&nbsp;Khalid Masood ,&nbsp;Zeeshan ,&nbsp;Naqqash Dilshad","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a robust artificial neural network (ANN) framework for the predictive estimation of a heated convective Carreau nanofluid model (HCCNFM) affected by magnetic, heat generation/absorption, and cross-diffusion through an exponentially extending surface. The governing physical characteristics is described via a set of coupled, nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), that are deliberately reduced to a structure of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via resemblance transformations to facilitate numerical modeling. The resulting boundary value problem has been addressed using the BVP4C technique in MATLAB program to get high-fidelity datasets which includes velocity, temperature, and concentration descriptions under different flow conditions and physical properties. These datasets are then used to train, validate, and test using multilayer feed-forward ANN architecture, designed with the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA). The efficiency of the ANN model is meticulously assessed through multiple statistical metrics, such as mean square error (MSE), histogram errors (HE), regression plots, autocorrelation, and function fitting analysis. The prediction error is observed between 10⁻⁴ and 10⁻⁶ which confirm the accuracy of ANN-LMA model. It is observed that velocities of HCCNFM declines as the <span><math><mi>M</mi></math></span> increases while enhances for <span><math><mi>W</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span> and <span><math><mi>W</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span> for both shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids. The HCCNFM temperature exhibits opposite trend for <span><math><mi>Q</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span> and <span><math><mi>Q</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span> for both shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids. This hybrid numerical-ANN approach highlights significant potential for applications in thermal treatment, polymeric extrusion, and bioengineering mechanisms involving smart fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117171"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixed-time control of nonlinear systems with time-varying gains: A novel stability criterion","authors":"Xuelian Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Sun ,&nbsp;Yu-Long Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on the fixed-time command-filtered tracking control problem for a class of nonlinear systems, in which a novel time-varying gain scheme, distinct from traditional time-invariant ones, is employed. Notably, an improved fixed-time stability lemma for strict-feedback nonlinear systems is constructed, which extends existing stability results by a specific variable gain function, driving the control system to a stable state within a fixed time horizon. With the help of the backstepping method, a novel fixed-time command-filtered controller incorporating a compensation mechanism is designed to mitigate errors between filter outputs and virtual control inputs. Based on the proposed lemma, the proposed control approach guarantees both fixed-time stability and precise tracking of reference signals. Finally, the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method are demonstrated by comparative algorithm analysis and simulation studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117082"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General two-component long-wave short-wave resonance interaction system: Non-degenerate vector solitons and their collision dynamics","authors":"S. Stalin,&nbsp;M. Lakshmanan","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we demonstrate the emergence of non-degenerate bright solitons and summarize their several interesting features in a completely integrable two-component long-wave–short-wave resonance interaction (LSRI) model with a general form of nonlinearity coefficients. This model describes the nonlinear resonant interaction between a low-frequency long wave and two high-frequency short waves in a one-dimensional physical setting. Through the classical Hirota’s bilinear method, we obtain a fully non-degenerate <span><math><mi>N</mi></math></span>-soliton solution in Gram determinant form for this two-component LSRI model to analyze the nature of non-degenerate vector solitons in detail. Depending on the choice of velocity conditions, the obtained non-degenerate fundamental soliton is classified into two types, namely (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>)- and (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>)-non-degenerate one solitons. We then show that the basic (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>)-non-degenerate soliton exhibits five distinct profile structures, including a novel double-hump, a special flat-top, and a conventional single-hump profile, and (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>)-non-degenerate soliton admits two-soliton like oblique collision, a behavior akin to KP line soliton interaction with a short stem structure. A detailed asymptotic analysis is carried out to study the long time behavior of (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>)-non-degenerate solitons and it reveals that they undergo both shape-preserving and shape-changing collisions. However, our analysis confirms that the shape changing collision between these solitons become elastic in nature after appropriate shift of time coordinates. Further, we identified that the (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>)-non-degenerate solitons also undergo elastic collision. In addition, we have also investigated the formation or suppression of breathing phenomena during collision between a degenerate soliton and a (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>)-non-degenerate soliton by considering partially non-degenerate multi-soliton solution. For completeness, we also point out the collision scenario between the completely degenerate solitons. The results presented in this paper are broadly applicable to Bose–Einstein condensates, nonlinear optics, plasma physics, and other closely related fields where the LSRI phenomenon plays a significant role in governing the evolution of vector solitons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust asymmetric nonnegative matrix factorization for community detection in directed network","authors":"Kangmin Li ,&nbsp;Yongguang Yu ,&nbsp;Wei Hu ,&nbsp;Yibing Cui ,&nbsp;Jiting Li","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community detection is a fundamental problem in social network analysis, and as such, it has recently attracted a great deal of attention, with numerous community detection methods being developed. In recent times, a significant number of methods based on nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) have been proposed, primarily due to the enhanced interpretability and integration of this approach. However, the potential of using the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> norm to enhance robustness to noise and outliers remains underutilized in current research on asymmetric NMF-based community detection algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel robust asymmetric NMF model for community detection in undirected and directed networks, which is related to an edge-weighted stochastic block model (SBM). The approach works by minimizing an objective function which is equivalent to maximizing the likelihood function given by SBM to perform clustering, and we weaken the constraints to a regular term, allowing greater centrality for some nodes in the network. The optimization algorithm for the proposed model is given, and its convergence properties are also discussed. Extensive experimentation has been conducted in both real-world and synthetic networks to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117144"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-organizations and spatiotemporal dynamics of a food chain model with spatial memory","authors":"Shuai Qiao ,&nbsp;Chenghua Gao ,&nbsp;Xinlei An","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering that the effects of previous spatial memory inevitably regulate the predatory behavior of intelligent animals, a three-species memory-based diffusion food chain model is established to unveil the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of the ecosystem. The existence and local stability of equilibrium points of the system are quantitatively discussed, among which the analytical conditions of Turing instability driven by self-diffusion and memory-based diffusion, as well as the triggering mechanism of Hopf bifurcation for memory delay, are further clarified. Intriguingly, the novel self-organizations of the “eye” of chaos and anti-chaos are discovered. Emphatically, an efficient strategy for identifying coexisting attractors by comparing the isoperiodic diagrams of each variable is proposed. Moreover, the calculation formula for the properties of Hopf bifurcation induced by spatial memory is derived. Whereafter, the multiple stability switching behaviors and spatially inhomogeneous periodic solutions are numerically verified. The obtained results provide certain theoretical support for maintaining the balance of ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulsating pure-quartic solitons with spectral asymmetry in an ultrafast fiber laser","authors":"Yingjie Lin ,&nbsp;Yanxin Liu ,&nbsp;Yufeng Song ,&nbsp;Zhixiang Deng ,&nbsp;Zhenhong Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Liu ,&nbsp;Chunxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Pinghua Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we report the first experimental generation and observation of pure-quartic soliton (PQS) pulsations with spectral asymmetry in an ultrafast fiber laser. In addition to the asymmetric spectral sidebands, a unique feature of these observed pulsating PQSs lies in that the pulsation periods are fairly stable for varying net fourth-order dispersion (FOD) values and pump powers. Moreover, the pulsating PQSs exhibit a maximum average output power of ~22.16 mW, corresponding to a pulse energy of ~2.34 nJ. Finally, numerical simulations have been performed, which are in good agreement with the experimental results. These findings not only reveal a new dynamic regime of PQSs but also provide critical insights into the underlying mechanisms governing their formation and stability, further laying a foundational framework for the future development of high-energy PQS fiber lasers and contributing to a broader understanding of soliton dynamics driven by higher-order dispersion effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117169"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144987940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The long-wave–short-wave resonance interaction model: Generalized higher-order semi-rational rogue wave solutions and their dynamics","authors":"Jiguang Rao ,&nbsp;T. Kanna ,&nbsp;Jingsong He","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By utilizing the bilinear Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy reduction approach, a class of generalized higher-order semi-rational rogue wave solutions to the long-wave–short-wave resonance interaction model is constructed. These solutions are expressed through a combination of Schur polynomials and exponential terms, and they characterize complex nonlinear excitations involving a superposition of three types of waves: bounded rogue waves of order <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, breather waves of order <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, and dark solitons of order <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, where <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> are arbitrary nonnegative integers. Within this bilinear formalism, we demonstrate that several special cases, including purely rational rogue wave configurations, pure breather states, isolated dark solitons, and their hybrid combinations, can be retrieved by suitably choosing the values of these parameters. A significant advancement of our current KP hierarchy reduction scheme, in contrast to previous bilinear techniques for solving one-dimensional (1D) integrable equations, lies in the adoption of a generalized tau function representation that seamlessly accommodates different types of solitary waves. This flexible structure not only unifies various known solutions but also enables the study of semi-rational rogue wave dynamics across a broader class of 1D integrable systems. Furthermore, it allows for the exploration of rich dynamics associated with rogue waves riding on backgrounds formed by breathers, dark solitons, or their combinations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117133"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localized seeding for triggering the global social contagion in higher-order spatial networks","authors":"Anbin Liu ,&nbsp;Dayong Xiao ,&nbsp;Wenjie Li ,&nbsp;Tao Yang ,&nbsp;Chun Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Fan ,&nbsp;Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive research has explored the contagion dynamics of social behaviors on higher-order spatial networks and uncovered many important findings, most of which are based on random seed strategies. In this study, we propose a social contagion model on higher-order spatial networks driven by local seeds, examining the impact of the network’s spatial structure on contagion modes and speeds. Previous research has suggested that clustered networks are more conducive to the diffusion of behavior. However, we find that excessively clustered networks inhibit behavior spread under local seed strategies. In highly clustered networks, individuals experience stronger social reinforcement; however, this also creates redundant connections, causing contagion to remain localized and preventing it from spreading over longer distances. Therefore, behavior diffusion is most effective when the network structure strikes a balance between social reinforcement and spatial distance, thus maximizing the synergy between low- and higher-order contagion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117141"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symmetric Zitterbewegung effect and symmetric Klein tunneling in optical mesh lattices","authors":"Kaiyun Zhan,&nbsp;Hanqiang Qin,&nbsp;Haolong He,&nbsp;Guangting Yao,&nbsp;Yifan Jiang,&nbsp;Ruixuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the discrete light pulse dynamics in synthetic photonic lattices composed of two fiber loops. It is suggested that the wave dynamics rooted in the relativistic Dirac equation can be investigated when the transverse wavenumber is close to the center and edge of Brillouin zone. Novel dynamical phenomena with no analogue in ordinary discrete waveguides, named the symmetric optical Zitterbewegung effect and Klein tunneling, are highlighted. This new symmetric Zitterbewegung phenomenon near the center and edge of Brillouin zone has same transverse shifts but reversed drift direction. When there has a partially overlapped of dispersion relation curves on two sides of the potential step, identical Klein tunneling with complementary propagation constants is observed, where the Bloch modes in the vicinity of the center and boundary of the Brillouin zone can be simultaneously excited. The underlying flexibility of the proposed arrangements can be used to implement a diverse relativistic quantum phenomenon with new properties and functionalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-integrated based Levenberg-Marquardt scheme estimation for dual analysis of mixed convection tri-hybrid nanofluid with thermal and chemical reaction","authors":"Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Khalid Masood ,&nbsp;Zeeshan ,&nbsp;Nehad Ali Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chaos.2025.117135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving heat transfer in biomedical systems plays a crucial role in advancing areas like nano-drug delivery, cancer therapy, and other biological applications. It's essential for ensuring precise medication delivery and enhancing the effectiveness of treatments like thermal ablation. This study aims to examine how heat transmission can be improved in mixed convection flow of a tri-hybrid nanofluid over a stretched or shrunk surface, considering the effects of thermal and chemical reactions. To achieve this, we use an artificial intelligence approach based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm combined with an artificial neural network (AILMS-ANN). The dataset is generated form the governing equations using BVP4C solver. The AILMS-ANN approach offers a detailed analysis using performance graphs, mean squared error (MSE), training states, error histogram (EH), regression analysis (RA), auto-correlation (AC), function fit (FF), mean of deviation (MoD), and error rates (ERs) to assess the uniqueness and convergence of the solution. Additionally, comparative analysis of numerical and ANN model using 60 data points for local skin friction (LSF), local Nusselt number (LNN), and local Sherwood number (LSN) are also performed. The results demonstrate that for different datasets and corresponding R values, the ANN model predicted the LSF, LNN, and LSN with error rates of −0.45 %, 0.007 %, and 0.003 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9764,"journal":{"name":"Chaos Solitons & Fractals","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 117135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}