Central European Journal of Urology最新文献

{"title":"Over 48,000 baseline prostate-specific antigen measurements in young men: a 16-year time-analysis.","authors":"Diego M Capibaribe, Natalia D Avilez, Natássia C C Truzzi, José C C I Truzzi, Mehrsa Jalalizadeh, Leonardo O Reis","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2024.62.R2","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2024.62.R2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To broaden our understanding of baseline PSA variations over the last decades in men under 40 years old.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We analysed the baseline total PSA of 48,896 men below the age of 40 years, grouped into 3 age groups: <30 (n = 6,123), 30-35 (n = 16,118), and >35 (n = 25,351) years old. Multiple linear regression model predicted the average LogPSA per month as a function of time, age, and testing rate during the 16-year period of the data (2003-2018).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age and standard deviation were 34.5 ±4.6 years, and the median PSA ± interquartile range was 0.63 ±0.46 ng/dl with a leftward skew towards zero (81% of results below 1 ng/dl) in all years. The average LogPSA was steadily rising over time, independent of age and testing rate in all 3 age groups: multiple R² = 0.40, estimate = 1.211e-05, p <0.0001. Mean/median PSA and age were 0.69/0.57 ng/dl and 35.6/37.2 years in 2003 and 1.04/0.66 ng/dl and 33.6/35.8 years in 2018.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The average baseline PSA is rising in young men. Changes in medical routine practice (e.g. reserving the test for those with higher suspicion) and a true rise in benign or pathological prostate conditions are possible reasons.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 3","pages":"411-417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality and burden of disease associated with kidney stone disease in children and young persons (<20 years): Trends in Europe between 1990-2019 according to the Global Burden of Disease database.","authors":"Patrick Juliebø-Jones, Lazaros Tzelves, Øyvind Ulvik, Mathias Sørstrand Æsøy, Christian Beisland, Bhaskar K Somani","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2024.03.R1","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2024.03.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The incidence of urolithiasis in children has increased. However, research regarding the associated mortality burden group is lacking. Our objective was to evaluate trends across Europe.s.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data on mortalities associated with urolithiasis in persons under 20 years was obtained from the Global Burden of Disease database for the period 1990-2019. Data included demographic information such as gender and age as well mortality rate, crude number of deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs). Data was collected from the European region as defined by the World Health Organization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 30-year period and across 53 countries, there were 184 deaths (106 males, 78 females) recorded in persons <20 years. The highest crude number of deaths occurred in the 10-14-year-old group (n = 54), followed by 5-9 years (n = 53), 15-19 years (n = 52) and <5 years (n = 25). The distribution in the total number of deaths according to these age groups, did not change over time. Overall, there was a 73% decrease when comparing the number of deaths in 1990 with 2019. Between these two time points, the overall death rate also decreased from 0.006 to 0.002 per 100,000. Over time the gender gap narrowed in terms of the number of deaths and by 2019, the male to female ratio was at its lowest to date (1.2 : 1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mortality associated with kidney stone disease in children and young persons has improved in recent decades. More deaths have occurred among males, but this gender gap is narrowing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 3","pages":"483-485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureterolithotripsy, and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy challenges in managing spinal cord neuropathy patients. Lessons learned from a scoping review.","authors":"Daniele Castellani, Carlo Brocca, Demetra Fuligni, Carlo Giulioni, Angelo Antezza, Angelo Cormio, Arianna Rubino, Lucia Pitoni, Virgilio De Stefano, Giulio Milanese, Luigi Cormio, Bhaskar Kumar Somani, Vineet Gauhar, Andrea Benedetto Galosi","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2023.123","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2023.123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aim to review the outcomes of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) for renal and ureteral stones in spinal cord neuropathy patients (SNP).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A literature search was performed on 8^th March 2023 using PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with no date limit. Preclinical/animal studies, reviews, letters to the editor, case reports, and meeting abstracts were excluded. Only English papers were accepted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five articles were accepted. Five studies focused on SWL, 17 on PCNL, and 6 on ureteroscopy. The remaining articles employed more than one procedure. Stone composition has shifted from struvite to the more common calcium phosphate. SWL showed a very poor stone-free rate (SFR) likely due to challenges in patient positioning, stone visualization, localization, and inability to pass fragments spontaneously. Flexible ureteroscopy and PCNL were associated with a high incidence of infectious complications, long hospital stays, high blood transfusion rate, and intensive care admissions. There were also cases of death. Both procedures were challenging due to genitourinary reconstruction, scoliosis and kyphosis, rib-cage deformity, lower limb contractures, and severe comorbidity which also affected anesthesia. SFR was lower than in non-neurological patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SWL, ureterolithotripsy, and PCNL should be considered challenging procedures in SNP due to positioning issues, an increased risk of intra and peri-operative morbidity, and even mortality. Computed tomography should be recommended to assess residual fragments as it becomes imperative to minimize a re-intervention in SNP who should be preferably treated in referral centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 1","pages":"89-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11032027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thulium laser en bloc resection is a safe and efficacious alternative to conventional bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumors.","authors":"Osama Zaytoun, Neeraja Tillu, Kaushik Kolanukuduru, Arjun Venkatesh, Manish Choudhary, Zachary Dovey, Tommasangelo Petitti, Maida Bada, Maurizio Buscarini","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2024.103.R1","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2024.103.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumors (bTURBT) is the standard of care technique for the management of bladder tumors; however, new techniques such as thulium laser en bloc resection of bladder tumors (TmLRBT) have been introduced as alternatives to bTURBT. In this study, detrusor muscle acquisition, perioperative outcomes and survival outcomes after TmLRBT and bTURBT were prospectively compared in patients with primary bladder tumors (1-5 cm).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This prospective interventional study, conducted over ten years, involved 542 patients under a single surgeon. Inclusion criteria were a single tumor of 1-5 cm. The primary endpoint was the presence or absence of detrusor muscle. Perioperative criteria included operative time, hospital stay length, catheterization duration, bladder perforations, readmissions, and complication incidence. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method with subgroup comparisons by the log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 449 patients, 211 underwent TmLRBT and 238 underwent bTURBT. Detrusor muscle was present in 201 (95.2%) TmLRBT patients vs 154 (64.7%) bTURBT patients (p <0.001). Complications were less frequent in the TmLRBT group (p <0.05). Hemoglobin drop (p <0.001), hospital stay (p <0.001), catheterization duration (p <0.001), and operative time (p <0.001) were all significantly lower in the TmLRBT group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant differences in RFS (p = 0.255) and CSS (p = 0.258) between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TmLRBT demonstrated significantly better detrusor muscle inclusion and perioperative outcomes compared to bTURBT.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 3","pages":"466-471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of surveys in modern urology: an insight into survey trends over the decades.","authors":"Carlotta Nedbal, Steffi Kar Kei Yuen, Pietro Tramanzoli, Martina Maggi, Carlo Giulioni, Virgilio De Stefano, Rossella Nicoletti, Maria Pia Pavia, Giacomo Maria Pirola, Ee Jean Lim, Chu Ann Chai, Wei Zheng So, Andrea Benedetto Galosi, Bhaskar Kumar Somani, Daniele Castellani, Vineet Gauhar","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2024.89","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2024.89","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To provide a comprehensive review of survey trends in urology, aiming to provide insight into changes in publication in the new millennium. Surveys in healthcare allow for a better understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns as well as gaps in healthcare systems.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A comprehensive review of all \"surveys in urology answered by urologists\" was performed through the PubMed and Scopus databases, according to the SPICE framework. Included surveys were divided according to the subject: \"Uro-oncology\", \"Urolithiasis\", \"Mental health\" \"Resident training\", and \"Miscellaneous\". Publications were then divided into 2 main periods: Period-1 (2000-2011) and Period-2 (2012-2023).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 361 surveys have been published since 2000, with a significant overall increasing trend in the recent decade (p <0.001). A significantly increasing focus is seen for publications on resident training (n = 86; +660%; p = 0.003), mental health (n = 31; +650%; p = 0.001), urolithiasis (n = 40; +371%; p = 0.002), and uro-oncology (n = 94; +230%, p ≤0.001). In subanalysis, the largest increase in publications was noted for surveys on radical prostatectomy (+175%, p = 0.024), surgical treatment of urolithiasis (+320%, p = 0.040), quality of resident education (+483%, p <0.001), and personal satisfaction with resident training (+500%, p = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over the decades, surveys have served as an effective interactive tool for urologists to engage and investigate different aspects of practice and training across sub-specialties. In modern times, better evaluation tools integrated with AI will provide a bigger platform for urologists to use surveys as part of their armamentarium to address and evaluate not only clinical practices but also emotional challenges, training needs, and inequalities that hinder progress in urology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 3","pages":"547-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoflex - the first portable virtual simulator for flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS): pilot study.","authors":"Ali Talyshinskii, B M Zeeshan Hameed, Prajwal P Ravinder, Nithesh Naik, Kinju Adhikari, Ulanbek Zhanbyrbekuly, Bhaskar K Somani","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2024.34.R1","DOIUrl":"10.5173/ceju.2024.34.R1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The market for virtual reality simulators designed to simulate retrograde intrarenal kidney stone (RIRS) surgery, utilising flexible ureteroscopes, is highly limited and dominated by a handful of simulators. The objective of our research is to carry out a pilot study and to provide a description of Endoflex, a transportable virtual flexible ureterorenoscopy simulator for kidney stone treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Seventeen novices were recruited, and each performed a virtual ureterorenoscopy with lithotripsy and lithoextraction. The cavity and location of the stone were determined randomly using the random.org portal. The same scenario was used after an educational week, to define changes in metrics. The time taken for the entire simulation, lasing time, fluoroscopic time, stone-free rate, novices' opinions regarding the usefulness of such a simulator in their training, and its impact on their motivation to continue learning endourological skills were evaluated. Three experienced endourologists were asked about the face and content validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant decrease in simulation time, activated laser time, and fluoroscopy time. The number of novices who fully cleared the pelvicalyceal system increased from 11 to 15 (out of 17). All participants found the Endoflex simulator to be useful for their education. The face and content validity estimated was 4 each for face and content validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Endoflex is a promising VR-simulator that can be implemented in urological simulation-based training. However, further improvements are necessary for its full-fledged training of RIRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 3","pages":"486-493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penile urethrostomy for recurrent long-segment strictures of the penile urethra: step-by-step surgical technique.","authors":"Leonidas Karapanos, Luisa Halbe, Axel Heidenreich","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2023.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2023.158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 1","pages":"157-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11032024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of biochemical recurrence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: single-centre analysis.","authors":"Umberto Carbonara, Constantinos Adamou, Danny Darlington Carbin, Dimitrios Papadopoulos, Gerasimos Fragkoulis, Danielle Whiting, Murthy Kusuma, James Hicks, Dimitrios Moschonas, Krishna Patil, Matthew James Alexander Perry, Wissam Abou Chedid","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2023.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2023.187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We evaluated risk factors for biochemical recurrence (BCR) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) based on our department database.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Patients who underwent RARP between 2018 and 2020 were identified and included in our retrospective study. Patients who received neoadjuvant treatment, patients with positive lymph nodes, salvage prostatectomies, and patients with missing data were excluded. BCR was defined as PSA ≥0.2 ng/ml. Parameters that were investigated were the International Society of Urological Pathologists (ISUP) score, stage, and positive surgical margins (PSM) as they were reported in the pathology report. A subgroup analysis based on the tumour stage was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 414 patients were included in the analysis. Seventy-seven of them experienced BCR. Based on multivariable analysis, ISUP grade was a strong predictor for BCR with odds ratio (OR): 2.86 (CI: 1.49-5.65; p = 0.002), OR: 5.90 (CI: 1.81-18.6; p = 0.003), OR: 4.63 (CI: 1.79-11.9; p = 0.001) for ISUP grade 3, 4, 5, respectively. Regarding tumour stage, pT2 and pT3a did not show any significant difference in predicting BCR (p = 0.11), whereas pT3b stage was a predictor for BCR with OR: 6.2 (CI: 2.25-17.7; p < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis for 206 patients with pT2 disease, ISUP group and PSM were predictors for BCR. On the other hand, when patients with pT3 disease were inspected, the only parameter that was predictive of BCR was pT3b disease (OR: 4.68, CI: 1.71-13.6; p = 0.003). ISUP grade, the extent of T3 disease, and the extent and ISUP grade of surgical margins were not predictors of BCR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The most important risk factors for BCR after RARP are ISUP grade and tumour stage. In pT2 disease, PSM is a significant predictor of BCR, along with high ISUP grade. The substage pT3b can be considered a predictor of BCR in pT3 cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 2","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11428360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The temporary impact of COVID-19 on semen deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation.","authors":"Mykola Kvach, Oleg Nikitin, Andriy Kost, Oleg Banyra","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2024.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2024.263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by impact on different systems of human body. Recently, several anti-COVID vaccines have been developed.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In our study, we included two groups of males: GROUP1, anti-COVID vaccinated males, n = 46, and GROUP2, n = 43, non-vaccinated males, who all fell ill with the Coronavirus infection. A level of semen DNA fragmentation was characterized by Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (SDFI) that was calculated before infection and compared with data at every month after laboratory recovery. The Mann-Whitney test was used to establish differences between parameters, with p <0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the pre-COVID baseline we registered significant increasing of SDFI in each group of participants: 35.3 ±4.7% vs 18.6 ±5.8% in GROUP1, p = 0.0009, and 41.8 ±5.6% vs 19.2 ±6.1% in GROUP2, p = 0.0006. At the 2^nd month after recovery SDFI in GROUP1 and GROUP2 continued to grow and reached its peak to 40.6 ±6.4% and 49.7 ±7.2% respectively. Thereafter SDF indexes in both Groups started to decrease, normalizing at the 7^th month after COVID-19 recovery in GROUP1 and at the 9^th month in GROUP2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COVID-19 causes a gradual increase in semen DNA fragmentation, which peaks at the 2^nd month after recovery and is more pronounced in unvaccinated men. Normalization of SDFI occurs no earlier than at the 7^th month in vaccinated and at the 9^th month in non-vaccinated men.</p>","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 2","pages":"298-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11428368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral robotic nephrectomy using a supine robotic approach without repositioning through 8-18 mm incisions in a young female with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis: a video case report.","authors":"Luca Antonelli, Adrian Duss, Leutrim Zahiti, Agostino Mattei, Christian Daniel Fankhauser","doi":"10.5173/ceju.2024.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5173/ceju.2024.26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9744,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Urology","volume":"77 2","pages":"344-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11428369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}