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Epigenetics of Dietary Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: Fact or Fiction. 膳食植物化学物质在癌症预防中的表观遗传学：事实或虚构。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000742
PoChung Jordan Chou, Rebecca Mary Peter, Ahmad Shannar, Yuxin Pan, Parv Dushyant Dave, Jiawei Xu, Md Shahid Sarwar, Ah-Ng Kong
{"title":"Epigenetics of Dietary Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: Fact or Fiction.","authors":"PoChung Jordan Chou, Rebecca Mary Peter, Ahmad Shannar, Yuxin Pan, Parv Dushyant Dave, Jiawei Xu, Md Shahid Sarwar, Ah-Ng Kong","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Cancer development takes 10 to 50 years, and epigenetics plays an important role. Recent evidence suggests that ~80% of human cancers are linked to environmental factors impinging upon genetics/epigenetics. Because advanced metastasized cancers are resistant to radiation/chemotherapeutic drugs, cancer prevention by relatively nontoxic \"epigenetic modifiers\" will be logical. Many dietary phytochemicals possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that are hallmarks of cancer prevention. Dietary phytochemicals can regulate gene expression of the cellular genome via epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we will summarize preclinical studies that demonstrate epigenetic mechanisms of dietary phytochemicals in skin, colorectal, and prostate cancer prevention. Key examples of the importance of epigenetic regulation in carcinogenesis include hypermethylation of the NRF2 promoter region in cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of NRF2-ARE signaling. Many dietary phytochemicals demethylate NRF2 promoter region and restore NRF2 signaling. Phytochemicals can also inhibit inflammatory responses via hypermethylation of inflammation-relevant genes to block gene expression. Altogether, dietary phytochemicals are excellent candidates for cancer prevention due to their low toxicity, potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and powerful epigenetic effects in reversing procarcinogenic events.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New Metabolomic Insights Into Cancer. 代谢组学对癌症的新认识
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000740
Jiangjiang Zhu
{"title":"New Metabolomic Insights Into Cancer.","authors":"Jiangjiang Zhu","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000740","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Cancer has been marked by metabolic irregularities that fuel various aggressive activities such as rapid cell proliferation, evasion of the immune system, and spread to distant organs. Therefore, exploiting cancer metabolism for diagnosis, monitoring, or treatment has been extensively studied in the past couple of decades with various molecular and cellular techniques. More recently, investigating cancer diagnostics and treatments through advanced metabolomics has emerged, and these comprehensive approaches provide a holistic understanding of cancer metabolism, which supported the discovery of metabolic targets relevant across multiple cancer types and the development of more effective treatments. This study offers highlights of new knowledge on cancer metabolism enabled by recent metabolomics studies and their potential applications in aiding cancer research and predicting cancer treatment outcomes. Specifically, we discussed the use of advanced metabolomics in cancer metabolism, tumor microenvironment, and cancer immunotherapy studies to provide valuable insights that can shape future research efforts in the dynamic field of cancer metabolism research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Repurposing Drugs for Cancer Prevention: Targeting Mechanisms Common to Chronic Diseases. 预防癌症的药物再利用：针对慢性疾病的共同机制。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000746
Nirmal Choradia, Eva Szabo
{"title":"Repurposing Drugs for Cancer Prevention: Targeting Mechanisms Common to Chronic Diseases.","authors":"Nirmal Choradia, Eva Szabo","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000746","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The development of agents for cancer prevention is a lengthy process requiring a delicate balance between the safety and tolerability of potential interventions and effectiveness in preventing future cancer. Individuals at risk for a specific cancer are frequently at risk for multiple types of cancer as well as other chronic diseases, especially ones associated with aging. Shared environmental exposures, genetic predisposition, metabolic factors, and commonalities in pathogenesis suggest opportunities for combined targeting of cancer and other chronic diseases. Examples discussed here include mechanisms shared between various cancers and obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advancements in Understanding and Preventing Obesity-Related Colon Cancer. 了解和预防肥胖相关结肠癌的进展。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000744
Christine Shieh, Henry J Thompson, Eric McLaughlin, Chien-Wei Chiang, Hisham Hussan
{"title":"Advancements in Understanding and Preventing Obesity-Related Colon Cancer.","authors":"Christine Shieh, Henry J Thompson, Eric McLaughlin, Chien-Wei Chiang, Hisham Hussan","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Obesity and colorectal cancer are global public health issues, with the prevalence of both conditions increasing over the last 4 decades. In the United States alone, the prevalence of obesity is greater than 40%, and this percentage is projected to increase past 50% by 2030. This review focuses on understanding the association between obesity and the risk of colorectal cancer while also highlighting hypotheses about molecular mechanisms underlying the link between these disease processes. We also consider whether those linkages can be disrupted via weight loss therapies, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery, and endobariatrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ecosystemic Approach to Understanding Gut Microbiome-Mediated Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. 以生态系统方法了解肠道微生物介导的结直肠癌预防。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000743
Tymofiy Lutsiv, Hisham Hussan, Henry J Thompson
{"title":"Ecosystemic Approach to Understanding Gut Microbiome-Mediated Prevention of Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Tymofiy Lutsiv, Hisham Hussan, Henry J Thompson","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans and their associated microorganisms coexist in complex symbiotic relationships. Continuously advancing research is demonstrating the crucial role of host-associated microbiota in the pathophysiology and etiology of disease and in mediating the prevention thereof. As an exemplar, the gut microbiota, especially colonic bacteria, have been extensively studied in colorectal cancer (CRC), and the growing body of evidence establishes new oncomicrobes and their oncometabolites associated with the initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis. Herein, we discuss the importance of approaching the gut microbiome as an ecosystem rather than an assortment of individual factors, especially in the context of cancer prevention. Furthermore, we argue that a dietary pattern effectively drives multiple nodes of the gut microbial ecosystem toward disease- or health-promoting qualities. In the modern circumstances of excessive consumption of ultraprocessed and animal-based foods and concomitant escalation of chronic disease burden worldwide, we focus on whole food-derived dietary fiber as a key to establishing a health-promoting eubiosis in the gut.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What to Eat for Cancer Prevention: The Total Dietary Pattern as a Combination Treatment for Prevention. 吃什么预防癌症？作为预防综合疗法的总体膳食模式。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000741
Yiwen Zhang, Edward L Giovannucci
{"title":"What to Eat for Cancer Prevention: The Total Dietary Pattern as a Combination Treatment for Prevention.","authors":"Yiwen Zhang, Edward L Giovannucci","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Over the past 2 decades, the search for dietary factors for developing cancer prevention guidelines has led to a significant expansion in the study of dietary patterns and their relation to cancer. Dietary patterns, which consider the types, amounts, variety, and combination of consumed foods, may encompass additive, synergistic, or interactive effects on human health, compared with individual nutrients or foods. In this review, we discuss the history and methodologies of dietary pattern research, describe common dietary indices used in cancer research, and summarize the existing evidence on dietary patterns and cancer risk. Current evidence supports the beneficial role of dietary patterns that are rich in vegetables, legumes, whole fruit, and whole grains and limited in added sugars, refined grains, processed foods, and red and processed meat in preventing various cancers, including breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests that dietary patterns based on biological mechanisms, such as hyperinsulinemic diet and inflammatory diet, hold promise and may be priority areas for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Telemedicine and cancer care: Barriers and strategies to optimize delivery: Erratum. 远程医疗和癌症护理：远程医疗与癌症护理：优化服务的障碍与策略：勘误。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000748
{"title":"Telemedicine and cancer care: Barriers and strategies to optimize delivery: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunoprevention Strategies for Colorectal Cancer in Lynch Syndrome Carriers. 林奇综合征携带者结直肠癌的免疫预防策略。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000738
Charles M Bowen, Krishna M Sinha, Eduardo Vilar
{"title":"Immunoprevention Strategies for Colorectal Cancer in Lynch Syndrome Carriers.","authors":"Charles M Bowen, Krishna M Sinha, Eduardo Vilar","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000738","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The immune revolution that swept the field of oncology in the mid-2010s with the advent of checkpoint inhibitors has led to a paradigm shift in approaches toward adapting new cancer prevention modalities. Cancer vaccines have emerged from this era with astounding potential as a durable intervention to prevent cancers especially for patients with hereditary susceptibilities such as Lynch syndrome carriers. This review covers new insights in the immunoprevention landscape for patients living with Lynch syndrome including highlights ranging from clinical trials exploring the use of chemoprevention agents to boost immune cellularity to investigative studies using novel vaccine approaches to induce long-term antitumor immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discovery of Natural Products for Cancer Prevention. 发现预防癌症的天然产品。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000745
Peter J Blanco Carcache, Steven K Clinton, A Douglas Kinghorn
{"title":"Discovery of Natural Products for Cancer Prevention.","authors":"Peter J Blanco Carcache, Steven K Clinton, A Douglas Kinghorn","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000745","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>\"Cancer chemoprevention\" is a term referring to the slowing or reversal of this disease, using nontoxic natural or synthetic compounds. For about 50 years, there has been a strong scientific interest in discovering plant-derived compounds to prevent cancer, and strategies for this purpose using a concerted series of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo laboratory bioassays have been developed. Five examples of the more thoroughly investigated agents of this type are described herein, which are each supported by detailed literature reports, inclusive of ellagic acid, isoliquiritigenin, lycopene, trans-resveratrol, and sulforaphane. In addition, extracts of the plants avocado (Persea americana), noni (Morinda citrifolia), açai (Euterpe oleracea), and mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) have all shown inhibitory activity in an in vivo or ex vivo bioassay using a carcinogen and germane to cancer chemoprevention, and selected in vitro-active constituents are described for each of these 4 species.</p>","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Targets for Cancer Prevention: Evolving Methodologies in Basic and Epidemiological Sciences Identify Interrelated Pathways and the Need for Holistic Approaches. 癌症预防目标：基础科学和流行病学中不断发展的方法确定了相互关联的途径和整体方法的必要性。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Cancer journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000747
Zora Djuric
{"title":"Targets for Cancer Prevention: Evolving Methodologies in Basic and Epidemiological Sciences Identify Interrelated Pathways and the Need for Holistic Approaches.","authors":"Zora Djuric","doi":"10.1097/PPO.0000000000000747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9655,"journal":{"name":"Cancer journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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