Canadian Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Heeding the Message? Determinants of Risk Behaviours for West Nile Virus","authors":"S. Elliott, M. Loeb, Daniel W. Harrington, J. Eyles","doi":"10.1007/BF03405462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"78 6 1","pages":"137 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87918631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Health Benefits of a Physical Activity Program for Older Adults Living in Congregate Housing","authors":"B. Temple, B. Janzen, K. Chad, G. Bell, B. Reeder, Linda M Martin","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.99.1589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.99.1589","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundIn Saskatoon in 2002, as one of the key strategies for the in motion health promotion strategy, the Forever… in motion program was developed with the general goal of increasing opportunities for physical activity among older adults living in congregate housing. The three components of the program were a low-intensity exercise program, informal socialization and educational sessions. The objective of the present study was to examine whether participation in this program positively influenced participants’ physical, emotional, psychological and social well-being.MethodsA quasi-experimental, pretest/post-test design was employed to examine the impact of the program on various aspects of participant well-being. Thirty-six program participants and a comparison group of 22 non-participants from two congregate housing facilities took part in the study. The pretest was administered to the study and comparison groups before or shortly after the 12-week session commenced, and the post-test was administered after the 12-week session had concluded. Pretest and post-test assessment consisted of self-report measures of 1) vitality, 2) self-rated health, 3) mental health, 4) social functioning, 5) role limitations due to emotional problems, 6) physical activity-related knowledge, and 7) self-efficacy for exercise. A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted using the seven post-test scores as dependent variables and the pretest scores as covariates.ResultsAfter adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics, the findings revealed statistically significant improvements in self-reported health and self-efficacy for exercise in the program participant group as compared with non-participants.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that a relatively low-cost, low-intensity exercise program such as the Forever…in motion program may positively influence the well-being of older adults living in congregate housing. However, additional research with a larger number of participants and a more rigorous study design is needed to further elucidate the health benefits of the Forever… in motion program.RésuméContexteLe programme Forever… in motion était l’un des éléments clés de la stratégie de promotion de la santé in motion implantée en 2002 à Saskatoon. Globalement, le programme visait à accroître les possibilités d’activité physique offertes aux personnes âgées vivant dans des habitations collectives. Il comportait trois volets: un programme de conditionnement à faible impact, une socialisation informelle et des séances de sensibilisation. Nous avons voulu déterminer si la participation à ce programme a eu une influence positive sur le bien-être physique, affectif, psychologique et social des participants.MéthodeNous avons employé une méthode pré-test/post-test quasi expérimentale pour analyser l’incidence du programme sur divers aspects du bien-être. Trente-six participants au programme et un groupe témoin de 22 non-participants ont ","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76971410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in the First Nation Community of Kahnawá:ke, Quebec, Canada, 1986–2003","authors":"O. Horn, Heather Jacobs-Whyte, A. Ing, A. Bruegl, G. Paradis, A. Macaulay","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.98.851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.98.851","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundType 2 diabetes is an increasing global health concern, most notably for Aboriginal peoples living in Canada among whom prevalence rates are 3 to 5 times those of the general population. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes among adults living in a First Nation community from 1986 to 2003.MethodsKahnawá:ke is a Kanien’kehá:ka (Mohawk) community in Quebec, Canada. Numerators for incident and prevalent cases were derived from the community hospital Diabetes Registry. Denominators were derived from population distributions provided to Kahnawá:ke by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Rates were standardized to 2000/01 Canadian population.ResultsFrom 1986–88 to 2001–03, incidence rates per 1000 for those 18 years and over decreased from 8.8 to 7.0 in males, and 8.8 to 5.2 in females. Prevalence rates increased from 6.0% to 8.4% in males and 6.4% to 7.1% in females. The prevalence rate among Kahnawá:ke men aged 45–64 years was 14%, twice the corresponding rate among Canadian men. Male to female ratios for both incidence and prevalence rates were above 1.0.DiscussionKahnawá:ke incidence rates are much lower than those of First Nation peoples of Manitoba. Kahnawá:ke prevalence rates are midway between national Aboriginal and general Canadian populations. Kahnawá:ke incidence rates and gender ratios are closer to those of the Canadian population. The results highlight the variations of type 2 diabetes between individual communities, and may reflect Kahnawá:ke’s socio-economic status, ongoing diabetes education, clinical care and diabetes primary prevention efforts.RésuméContexteLe diabète de type II est une préoccupation croissante partout dans le monde, mais surtout pour les Autochtones du Canada, qui affichent des taux de prévalence trois à cinq fois supérieurs à ceux de la population générale. Nous avons voulu déterminer l’incidence et la prévalence du diabète de type II chez les résidents adultes d’une communauté des Premières nations entre 1986 et 2003.MéthodeKahnawá:ke est une communauté kanien’kehá:ka (mohawk) du Québec, au Canada. Les numérateurs des taux d’incidence et de prévalence proviennent du registre des cas de diabète de l’hôpital communautaire. Les dénominateurs proviennent des chiffres sur la répartition de la population fournis à Kahnawá:ke par le ministère canadien des Affaires indiennes et du Nord. Les taux ont été normalisés selon la population canadienne de 2000–2001.RésultatsDe 1986–1988 à 2001–2003, les taux d’incidence pour 1 000 habitants chez les 18 ans et plus ont diminué (de 8,8 à 7 ‰ chez les hommes et de 8,8 à 5,2 ‰ chez les femmes). Les taux de prévalence ont augmenté (de 6 à 8,4 % chez les hommes et de 6,4 à 7,1 % chez les femmes). Le taux de prévalence chez les hommes de Kahnawá:ke âgés de 45 à 64 ans était de 14 %, soit le double du taux correspondant chez les hommes canadiens. Le rapport homme/femme était supérieur à 1, tant pour les taux d’incidence que","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"51 1","pages":"438-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75960531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are We Ready? Evidence of Support Mechanisms for Canadian Health Care Workers in Multi-jurisdictional Emergency Planning","authors":"T. O’Sullivan, C. Amaratunga, J. Hardt, D. Dow, K. P. Phillips, W. Corneil","doi":"10.1007/BF03405419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405419","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"28 1","pages":"358 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73647161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mammography Rates for 20 Community-based Family Practices in Ontario","authors":"J. Graham Swanson, J. Kaczorowski","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.98.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.98.899","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundMany Canadian women 50 to 69 years of age do not have a mammogram within the recommended screening interval of every two years. Recent data suggest that over 50% of Canadian women did not have a time-appropriate mammogram and that not having a family physician was a significant factor associated with suboptimal screening. This study reviewed medical charts of 20 family physicians’ practices to examine their mammography screening patterns.MethodsMedical charts of all women between 52 and 71 years of age in 20 family practices were examined for mammography reports between September 2003 and June 2004.ResultsAcross the 20 practices, 3,430 charts of eligible women 52 to 71 years of age were reviewed (mean per practice = 173 women; ranging from 38 to 385). The two-year time-appropriate mammography rate was 58.8%. The screening rates ranged from 25% to 76% across 20 practices. Four practices attained a 70% or greater time-appropriate screening rate. When we extended the time-appropriate frame to 36 months, the overall mammography rate increased to 70.0%. Practice size, method of remuneration for patient care, use of an electronic medical record, gender or age of physician, practice setting, use of Ontario Breast Screening Program (OBSP) were not found to be significantly associated with mammography screening rates.InterpretationMammography rates within the recommended two-year interval for women who have a regular family physician are suboptimal. The rates for women in this study, all of whom have a family physician, were only slightly higher than those reported elsewhere for women without one. Further studies are required to uncover and overcome barriers to optimal mammography screening rates.RésuméContexteDe nombreuses Canadiennes de 50 à 69 ans ne se soumettent pas à une mammographie tous les deux ans (l’intervalle de dépistage recommandé). Des données récentes donnent à penser que c’est le cas de plus de 50 % des Canadiennes dans le groupe d’âge visé, et que le fait de ne pas avoir de médecin de famille est un important facteur expliquant ce dépistage sous-optimal. Nous avons examiné les fiches médicales de 20 cabinets de médecine familiale pour déceler la fréquence des dépistages mammographiques effectués.MéthodeLes rapports de mammographies dans les fiches médicales de toutes les patientes de 52 à 71 ans de 20 cabinets de médecine familiale ont été examinés pour la période de septembre 2003 à juin 2004.RésultatsDans les 20 cabinets, nous avons analysé 3 430 fiches de patientes admissibles âgées de 52 à 71 ans (moyenne = 173 femmes par cabinet; écart = 38 à 385). L’intervalle approprié de deux ans entre chaque mammographie était observé dans 58,8 % des cas (écart = 25 % à 76 % pour les 20 cabinets). Quatre cabinets affichaient un taux de dépistage de 70 % ou plus dans l’intervalle recommandé. Pour un intervalle de dépistage de 36 mois, le taux global de mammographie passait à 70 %. Ni la taille du cabinet, ni la méthode de rémunération, ","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"205 1","pages":"374-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77042489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Développer la capacité d’application des connaissances en santé publique","authors":"J. Frank, Erica Di Ruggiero, D. Mowat, Barbara Medlar","doi":"10.1007/BF03405417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03405417","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"16 1","pages":"I7 - I12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85956993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing for the Sexual Health Needs of Canadian Immigrants","authors":"E. Maticka-Tyndale, Khosro Refaie Shirpak, M. Chinichian","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.98.816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.98.816","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundSexual health is increasingly understood as an integral part of health. In Canada, education for sexual health is delivered predominantly in middle and secondary school. What of adults who immigrate to Canada from countries where sex education is not delivered to youth? This paper explores the needs and experiences of one such group of Canadian immigrants: those from Iran.MethodTen married male and 10 married female immigrants from Iran living in a midsized Canadian city were recruited using snowball sampling and participated in qualitative interviews. The sample varied in age, education level, duration of marriage, and stay in Canada.ResultsParticipants addressed three themes: experiences accessing information and health services, necessary content of information, and preferred ways of providing sexual health information and services. Key barriers to accessing and using sexual health services, experienced by all interviewees, regardless of the length of time they were in Canada, included language, cultural misunderstandings, embarrassment, long waits, and limited time that physicians spent with patients. Examples were provided of misunderstandings and inappropriate or even offensive questions or suggestions made by health practitioners who were unfamiliar with patients’ cultural norms related to sexuality. Participants believed their needs and questions were different from their Canadian counterparts and wanted a confidential, linguistically and culturally friendly source of information such as a website in the Farsi language.ConclusionsMore attention needs to be paid to developing public health and medical services related to sexual health that take account of the cultural diversities represented in the Canadian population.RésuméContexteOn considère de plus en plus la santé sexuelle comme faisant partie intégrante de la santé. Au Canada, l’éducation à la santé sexuelle se donne principalement au premier et au deuxième cycles de l’école secondaire. Qu’en est-il des adultes qui immigrent au Canada en provenance de pays où les jeunes ne reçoivent aucune éducation sexuelle? Nous analysons ici les besoins et l’expérience d’un tel groupe d’immigrants au Canada: les Iraniens.MéthodeÀ l’aide d’un sondage cumulatif, nous avons recruté 10 hommes mariés et 10 femmes mariées émigrés d’Iran vivant dans une ville canadienne de taille moyenne et nous les avons fait participer à des entretiens en profondeur. L’âge, le niveau d’instruction, la durée du mariage et la durée du séjour au Canada variaient au sein de l’échantillon.RésultatsLes participants ont discuté de trois thèmes: leur expérience de l’accès à l’information et aux services de santé, la pertinence de l’information reçue, et leurs préférences quant au mode de prestation de l’information et des services de santé sexuelle. Les principaux obstacles à l’accès et à l’utilisation des services de santé sexuelle, vécus par toutes les personnes interrogées quelle que soit la durée de leur séjour a","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"55 1","pages":"183-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79646689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Was WHO SARS-related Travel Advisory for Toronto Ethical?","authors":"L. Paquin","doi":"10.1007/BF03403714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03403714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"209 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82456178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youth Homelessness","authors":"S. Kidd, L. Davidson","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.97.785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.97.785","url":null,"abstract":"Homeless youth present significant challenges both to youth workers and policy-makers seeking to develop better prevention and intervention strategies. This article discusses the compelling need for researchers and policy-makers to make efforts to work collaboratively to develop improved social policy informed by research findings.RésuméLes jeunes sans-abri présentent des défis considérables aux travailleurs auprès des jeunes et aux décideurs soucieux d’élaborer de meilleures stratégies de prévention et d’intervention. Cet article porte sur le besoin incontournable pour les chercheurs et les décideurs de se concerter pour mettre au point des politiques sociales améliorées, étayées par des résultats de recherche.","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"47 1","pages":"445-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90404704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shelter-based Convalescence for Homeless Adults","authors":"T. Podymow, J. Turnbull, Vela Tadic, Wendy Muckle","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.97.705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.97.705","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesHomelessness is associated with increased hospital costs and length of stay, and medical or surgical conditions are typically complicated by secondary diagnoses of substance abuse or mental illness. Convalescence care to provide timely treatment has not been analyzed. This is a retrospective study of diagnoses and utility of shelter-based convalescence in a cohort of homeless subjects.MethodsA 20-bed shelter-based unit providing up to 3 months stay post hospital discharge, or for treatment of addictions or for those too ill to remain in the general shelter was studied. Charting was by the use of an electronic health record developed for the project. Demographics, reason for admission and outcomes are retrospectively described.Results140 men had 181 admissions from July 2000–April 2003; 23.8% were post hospital discharge, 57.4% were from the general shelter. Average length of stay was 40 days. 83.4% were treated for a medical or surgical condition, 83.6% for psychiatric disease and 29.8% for addictions. Medication adherence was >80% in the majority. During admission, 20% obtained a new health card, 43.6% a new drug card, 89.3% received transportation to appointments, 60% applied for housing and 24.3% obtained housing.ConclusionA shelter-based convalescence unit can provide health care to homeless persons, treat medical and mental illness, ensure adherence to treatment regimes, decrease substance abuse and assist with housing.RésuméObjectifsL’itinérance est associée à des frais d’hospitalisation plus élevés et à une durée d’hospitalisation plus longue, et les troubles médicaux et chirurgicaux sont en général plus compliqués en présence d’un diagnostic secondaire de toxicomanie ou de maladie mentale. Les soins à offrir pendant la convalescence pour traiter ces problèmes en temps utile n’ont pas été analysés. Notre étude rétrospective, fondée sur une cohorte de sans-abri, porte sur les diagnostics des sujets hospitalisés et sur l’utilité d’une convalescence en maison d’hébergement.MéthodeNous avons étudié une maison de 20 lits pouvant héberger pendant trois mois des sansabri sortant de l’hôpital, recevant un traitement en toxicomanie ou trop malades pour séjourner dans un centre d’hébergement ordinaire. La représentation graphique des données a été réalisée à partir d’un dossier médical informatisé mis au point pour le projet. Le profil démographique des sujets, la raison de leur hébergement et son résultat sont décrits rétrospectivement.RésultatsCent quarante hommes ont séjourné 181 fois en maison d’hébergement entre juillet 2000 et avril 2003. De ces hommes, 23,8 % sortaient de l’hôpital et 57,4 % venaient d’un centre d’hébergement ordinaire. Ils ont passé en moyenne 40 jours dans la maison d’hébergement. De ces personnes, 83,4 % ont été traitées pour un trouble médical ou chirurgical, 83,6 % pour une maladie psychiatrique, et 29,8 % pour une toxicomanie. L’observance médicamenteuse a été supérieure à 80 % dans la majorité des cas. Pendan","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"58 1","pages":"379-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90650998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}