Canadian Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Hepatitis C Infection Among Pregnant Women in British Columbia: Reported Prevalence and Critical Appraisal of Current Prenatal Screening Methods","authors":"A. Blasig, E. Wagner, D. Pi, M. Bigham, V. Remple, K. Craib, P. Doyle, S. Dobson, E. Yoshida, D. Patrick, M. Krajden, D. Money, BC Hcv Vertical Transmission Study Group","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.102.2153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.102.2153","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the fact that hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a relatively common infection in Canada, particularly in British Columbia (BC), there is a paucity of information on actual HCV prevalence in pregnant women. At present, pregnant women are only screened if they fit risk criteria, which may result in under-identification of HCV in this population. The purpose of this study was to determine the overall prevalence rate, age and geographic distribution of reported HCV infection among pregnant women in BC, and compare results to a previously conducted anonymous seroprevalence survey.Methods: Reported HCV prevalence was determined through a confidential database linkage of all prenatal screening results at the Canadian Blood Services (CBS) with all HCV test results at the Provincial Laboratory, from May 2000 to Oct 2002. Data were stratified by age group and geographic location, and subsequently compared to an anonymous prenatal seroprevalence survey conducted in 1994.Results: The overall HCV prevalence rate was 50.3/10,000 (95% CI 46.3-54.6), or 0.5% of the cohort. Prevalence was highest in the northern BC region (66.2/10,000, 95% CI 51.4–85.3) and lowest in the populous suburban region southwest of Vancouver (38.0/10,000, 95% CI 32.3–44.8). Of note, the rate of reported HCV among pregnant women was significantly lower than the anonymous seroprevalence rate: 50.3/10,000 vs. 91.3/10,000 (p<0.0001).Conclusion: Rates of reported HCV among pregnant women were approximately 50% lower than the rates determined by the anonymous seroprevalence survey. Further research is needed to determine the relative merits of the current selective screening policy versus universal prenatal HCV screening in pregnancy.RésuméContexte: Bien que les infections par le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC) soient relativement courantes au Canada, tout particulièrement en Colombie-Britannique (C.-B.), on manque d’information sur la prévalence réelle du VHC chez les femmes enceintes. À l’heure actuelle, les femmes enceintes ne sont dépistées que si elles correspondent aux critères de risques, ce qui peut entraîner une sous-détection du VHC dans cette population. Le but de notre étude était de déterminer le taux de prévalence global, l’âge et la répartition géographique des cas d’infection à VHC déclarés chez les femmes enceintes en C.-B., et de comparer ces résultats à ceux d’une enquête anonyme sur la séroprévalence du VHC menée antérieurement.Méthode: Nous avons déterminé la prévalence du VHC déclaré par un maillage confidentiel des résultats de dépistage prénatal de la base de données de la Société canadienne du sang avec les résultats des tests de sérodiagnostic du VHC effectués par les laboratoires provinciaux de mai 2000 à octobre 2002. Les données ont été stratifiées selon le groupe d’âge et le lieu géographique, puis comparées à celles d’une enquête anonyme sur la séroprévalence prénatale datant de 1994.Résultats: Le taux de prévalence global du VHC était de 50,3 p. 10 000","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"43 1","pages":"98-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84986613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canadian Newspaper Coverage of the A/H1N1 Vaccine Program","authors":"C. Rachul, N. Ries, T. Caulfield","doi":"10.1007/BF03404896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"75 1","pages":"200 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83824893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Methods for Forecasting Emergency Department Visits for Respiratory Illness Using Telehealth Ontario Calls","authors":"Alexander Perry, Kieran M. Moore, L. Lévesque, C. W. Pickett, M. Korenberg","doi":"10.1007/BF03403965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03403965","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"464 - 469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90051885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multi-function Public Health Surveillance System and the Lessons Learned in Its Development: The Alberta Real Time Syndromic Surveillance Net","authors":"S. Fan, Corinne Blair, Angela Brown, S. Gabos, L. Honish, Trina Hughes, J. Jaipaul, Marcia Johnson, Eric Lo, A. Lubchenko, L. Mashinter, David P. Meurer, Vanessa Nardelli, G. Predy, Liz Shewchuk, D. Sosin, Bryan Wicentowich, J. Talbot","doi":"10.1007/BF03403963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03403963","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"187 ","pages":"454 - 458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91511733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Consumption: A Different Kind of Canadian Mosaic","authors":"C. Paradis, A. Demers, Elyse Picard","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.101.1878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.101.1878","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesTo determine the way Canadians consume alcohol beyond drinking amounts and to verify if the drinking act is similar across provinces given that, in Canada, alcohol policies come under provincial jurisdiction.MethodsSubjects were 10,466 current drinkers (5,743 women and 4,723 men) aged 18 to 76 years, who participated in the GENACIS Canada study.ResultsIn Canada, there are three main patterns of consuming alcohol. Maritimers tend to drink more per occasion, report more binge drinking and largely prefer beer. In the Prairies, people tend to drink less, to drink less often during a meal and to favour spirits. Finally, drinkers from Québec, Ontario and British Columbia drink more often, drink wine more often, drink spirits less often, and drink more often during a meal than drinkers from the other provinces. The same patterns are observed in both sexes, although the differences across provinces are less pronounced among women.ConclusionKnowledge about these three drinking groups should be used to increase the legitimacy and effectiveness of alcohol policies in general.RésuméObjectif: Cet article décrit de quelles manières les Canadiens consomment de l’alcool au-delà des quantités consommées. Étant donné qu’au Canada, les politiques relatives à l’alcool relèvent d’une juridiction provinciale, les profils individuels de consommation à travers les provinces sont présentés.Méthodologie: Les sujets de cette étude sont 10 466 consommateurs d’alcool (5743 femmes et 4723 hommes), âgés entre 18 et 76 ans, qui ont participé à l’enquête GENACIS Canada.Résultats: Au Canada, il existe trois grandes façons de consommer de l’alcool. Les résidents des Maritimes préfèrent la bière, ils boivent de plus grandes quantités par occasion et ils sont plus nombreux à rapporter une consommation épisodique et abusive. Les résidents des Prairies préfèrent les spiritueux, ils boivent moins et ils boivent moins souvent lors d’un repas. Finalement, les Québécois, les Ontariens et les résidents de la Colombie-Britannique boivent plus de vin et moins de spiritueux, ils boivent plus fréquemment et ils boivent plus souvent lors d’un repas que les résidents des autres provinces. Ces profils sont les mêmes selon le sexe, mais les différences régionales sont moins prononcées chez les femmes.Conclusion: La connaissance de ces trois groupes est utile pour légitimer et améliorer l’efficacité des politiques relatives à l’alcool.","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91186895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalization for Trichinellosis and Echinococcosis in Canada, 2001–2005: The Tip of the Iceberg?","authors":"N. Gilbert, O. K. Dare, M. Libman, P. K. Muchaal, N. Ogden","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.101.1989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.101.1989","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesThis study was undertaken to measure the incidence of echinococcosis and trichinellosis hospitalization in Canada, and to compare these incidence rates between residents of northern regions and the rest of the Canadian population.MethodsCases hospitalized in 2001–2005 for either echinococcosis or trichinellosis were retrieved from the hospital morbidity database (HMDB) held by the Canadian Institute for Health Information. Crude and standardized incidence rates were calculated by province and by latitude range.ResultsA total of 108 echinococcosis and 14 trichinellosis hospitalizations were found, yielding incidence rates of 0.72 and 0.09 per million per year, respectively. There was a clear south-north gradient in the incidence of echinococcosis hospitalization, the highest incidence (2.9 per million per year) being found north of the 55th parallel. The risk of echinococcosis hospitalization was also significantly higher in women than in men (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.2–2.87). For trichinellosis, the highest incidence (42 per million per year) was found in Nunavut and Northern Québec.ConclusionIncidence of hospitalization for echinococcosis and trichinellosis is low at the national level. However, significantly higher rates have been measured in northern regions of Canada despite the fact that both diseases are theoretically preventable and that a Trichinella control program is in place in Nunavik. Further efforts, probably educational in nature, will be required to reduce the incidence of these infections in high-risk areas.RésuméObjectifsCette étude a été entreprise pour mesurer l’incidence des hospitalisations causées par la trichinose et l’échinococcose au Canada et pour comparer les taux mesurés chez les habitants des régions nordiques à ceux mesurés chez les autres Canadiens.MéthodeLes cas hospitalisés de 2001 à 2005 pour l’échinococcose ou la trichinose ont été extraits de la base de données sur la morbidité hospitalière (BDMH) de l’Institut canadien d’information sur la santé. Les taux d’incidence bruts et standardisés ont été calculés par province et par intervalle de latitude.RésultatsEn tout, 108 hospitalisations causées par l’échinococcose et 14 par la trichinose ont été trouvées. Les taux d’incidence de ces deux maladies étaient respectivement de 0,72 et 0,09 par million par année. Il y avait un clair gradient sud-nord pour l’incidence des hospitalisations causées par l’échinococcose, l’incidence la plus élevée (2,9 par million par année) ayant été mesurée au nord du 55e parallèle. Le risque d’hospitalisation causée par l’échinococcose était aussi plus élevé chez les femmes que chez les hommes (RR 1,92, IC 95% 1,29–2,87). Pour la trichinose, l’incidence la plus élevée (42 par million par année) a été mesurée au Nunavut et dans le nord du Québec.ConclusionL’incidence des hospitalisations causées par la trichinose et l’échinococcose est faible au niveau national. Toutefois, des taux significativement plus élevés ont été mesurés dans ","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"65 1","pages":"337-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90663424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Clubfoot in Uganda","authors":"R. Mathias, J. Lule, G. Waiswa, E. Naddumba, S. Pirani, Uganda Sustainable Clubfoot Care Project","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.101.1952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.101.1952","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundWhile the congenital clubfoot deformity is a common deformity recorded in Uganda, the incidence of the condition had never been accurately determined. The objective of this study was to measure the overall incidence of congenital clubfoot deformity in a representative sample of births.MethodsA study of all babies born with foot anomalies took place from March 2006 to October 2007. The study was based at 8 Regional Hospitals with active maternity units and a functioning clubfoot clinic. All babies with foot deformities at birth at any of eight centres as detected by the delivery room staff were referred to the respective centre’s clubfoot clinic. The children were examined by clubfoot clinic orthopedic officers who diagnosed the specific deformity. Children referred to the clinic from any source and born at the maternity unit were included in the study. The denominator was all live births at the centre during the study period.ResultsThe total number of live births during the study period was 110,336. The maternity units of the centres identified 290 infants with a foot deformity. One hundred and thirty infants born during the study period were diagnosed in the clubfoot clinic as having a congenital clubfoot deformity. The proportion of infants with a clubfoot deformity was 1.2 per 1000 births over the 20-month period. The male to female ratio was 2.4:1.RecommendationThe rate of clubfoot deformities in the newborn can be used to estimate the numbers of children who should be treated and to estimate resource needs for the identification and management of this treatable congenital malformation. By comparing the number of those treated with the expected number of cases, the numbers of children with neglected clubfoot can be calculated.RésuméContexteQuoique le pied bot soit une déformation congénitale fréquente en Ouganda, cette déformation n’a jamais été observée en détail. L’objectif de cette étude est de mesurer la fréquence du pied bot parmi un échantillon représentatif de naissances.MéthodeEn mars 2006, les données ont été recueillies dans huit hôpitaux généraux ayant une pouponnière et une clinique pour le pied bot. Parmi l’ensemble des nouveaux nés, ceux ayant une déformation ont été dirigés vers une clinique se spécialisant dans le traitement du pied bot. Les orthopédistes de cette clinique ont posé leur diagnostique pour chacune des déformations. Ce sont uniquement les bébés référés à la clinique par les huit hôpitaux qui font l’objet de cette étude.RésultatsPendant la durée de l’étude (mars 2006 à octobre 2007), un total de 110 336 naissances vivantes a été enregistré. Les pouponnières ont identifié 290 bébés ayant une déformation. Puis, les orthopédistes de la clinique spécialisée ont diagnostiqué 130 bébés avec une déformation congénitale du pied bot. Proportionnellement, les enfants avec une déformation du pied bot se chiffre à 1,2 par 1000 naissances, pour cette période de 20 mois. Le ratio garçon/fille est de 2,4:1.Recommandati","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"64 1","pages":"341-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79058929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pascal’s Wager: From Science to Policy on Early Childhood Development","authors":"A. Denburg, D. Daneman,","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.101.1876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.101.1876","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence suggests that our brains are shaped profoundly by experiences in early life, with long-lasting implications for development. This science has yet to make the leap to policy on early childhood development in Canada — a shortcoming that has left this country well behind other developed nations. The Pascal Report, released in June 2009, marks an historic opportunity to enact comprehensive early childhood education and care policy in Ontario. Properly implemented, it could serve as a model for such policy across the country. Its successful adoption will require sustained advocacy and ongoing research by the Canadian medical community.RésuméL’ensemble des recherches suggère que nos cerveaux sont profondément influencés par nos expériences de première enfance, avec des effets durables sur le développement humain. Par contre, cette connaissance n’a pas encore fait le lien avec les politiques concernant le domaine du développement de la petite enfance au Canada — un manque qui nous laisse bien derrière autres pays développés. Le rapport Pascal, publié en juin 2009, marque une occasion historique pour mettre en vigueur des politiques compréhensives dans le domaine de l’éducation et de soins de la petite enfance en Ontario. Exécutée judicieusement, une telle initiative pourrait servir comme modèle pour le développement de ces politiques à travers le pays, le succès desquelles exigera une plaidoirie soutenue et de recherches en outre par la communauté médicale canadienne.","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"235-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86706966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thinking about Aboriginal KT: Learning from the Network Environments for Aboriginal Health Research British Columbia (NEARBC)","authors":"Elizabeth A. Estey, A. Kmetic, J. Reading","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.101.2192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.101.2192","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveCreating effective and actionable research has become increasingly important for the health disciplines. Despite greater attention to knowledge translation (KT) in the health research, policy, and professional literature and the mounting need for strategic action to reduce the burden of ill health experienced by Aboriginal people in Canada, little time has been dedicated to understanding KT in Aboriginal health research contexts (Aboriginal KT). The purpose of this study was to explore and discuss the unique qualities of Aboriginal KT.MethodsAn exploratory case study of the Network Environments for Aboriginal Research British Columbia (NEARBC) was undertaken, in which qualitative interviewing with experts associated with the network was conducted.ResultsFour themes were revealed from the analysis of 10 semi-structured qualitative interviews: 1) Definitional debate, 2) “Aboriginal” KT, 3) Doing KT, and 4) KT roles. These themes highlight the definitional complexity, practical confusion, multidisciplinary nature, and lack of accountability related to Aboriginal KT.DiscussionThe information gained from the study participants adds some important insights to the current literature. It also identifies areas where future discussion may help improve the understanding and meaning of KT in Aboriginal health research contexts, as well as its application in practice. The health disparities of Aboriginal people in Canada are a call for action with regards to KT and this study provides some basic information and advice on ways to move the research and policy agenda forward.RésuméObjectifsLa production de travaux de recherche efficaces et directement applicables est de plus en plus importante pour les disciplines de la santé. On accorde plus d’attention à l’application des connaissances (AC) dans les articles sur la recherche et les politiques en santé et dans les revues professionnelles; d’autre part, on a de plus en plus besoin d’actions stratégiques pour réduire le fardeau des problèmes de santé vécus par les Autochtones au Canada. Pourtant, on s’est peu intéressé à l’application des connaissances dans un contexte de recherche en santé autochtone (« AC autochtone »). Nous avons donc voulu analyser et expliquer les traits particuliers de l’AC autochtone.MéthodeÉtude de cas préliminaire sur le réseau NEARBC (Network Environments for Aboriginal Research British Columbia) comportant des entretiens qualitatifs avec les spécialistes associés à ce réseau.RésultatsQuatre thèmes ressortent de l’analyse des 10 entretiens qualitatifs semi-structurés: 1) Le débat sur la définition, 2) l’AC « autochtone », 3) la pratique de l’AC et 4) les rôles en AC. Ces thèmes soulignent les problèmes de définition, la confusion qui règne en pratique, la nature multidisciplinaire de l’AC et l’absence de responsabilisation liée à l’AC autochtone.DiscussionL’information fournie par les participants apporte d’importants éclaircissements aux derniers travaux publiés. Elle définit ","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"15 1","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76504257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic Influenza (H1N1): Our Canadian Response","authors":"J. Spika, D. Butler-Jones","doi":"10.17269/CJPH.100.2009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17269/CJPH.100.2009","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 in spring 2009 has provided a real test to the pandemic preparations that Canada, other countries and the World Health Organization have undertaken. Although formidable challenges remain, Canada is as well prepared as any country to address the second wave of the pandemic expected in the fall.RésuméL’émergence de la grippe pandémique (H1N1) au printemps 2009 a permis de tester dans des conditions réelles les préparatifs de lutte contre la pandémie amorcés par le Canada, les autres pays et l’Organisation mondiale de la santé. Il reste des obstacles formidables à surmonter, mais le Canada est aussi bien préparé que les autres pays à affronter la deuxième vague de la pandémie, attendue à l’automne.","PeriodicalId":9525,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Public Health","volume":"43 1","pages":"337 - 339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77174764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}