Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"Early onset metastatic colorectal cancer in Australia","authors":"A. Jalali ,&nbsp;S. Smith ,&nbsp;G. Kim ,&nbsp;H. Wong ,&nbsp;M. Lee ,&nbsp;J. Yeung ,&nbsp;M. Loft ,&nbsp;R. Wong ,&nbsp;J.D. Shapiro ,&nbsp;S. Kosmider ,&nbsp;J. Tie ,&nbsp;S. Ananda ,&nbsp;B. Ma ,&nbsp;M. Burge ,&nbsp;R. Jennens ,&nbsp;B. Lee ,&nbsp;J. Johns ,&nbsp;L. Lim ,&nbsp;A. Dean ,&nbsp;L. Nott ,&nbsp;P. Gibbs","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates have been increasing among young patients (YP), for uncertain reasons. It is unclear whether YP have a distinct tumor biology or merit a different treatment approach to older patients (OP).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We reviewed prospectively collected data from consecutive patients with metastatic CRC (MCRC) enrolled in the multi-site Treatment of Recurrent and Advanced Colorectal Cancer (TRACC) Australian registry. Clinicopathological features, treatment and survival outcomes were compared between YP (&lt;50 years) and OP (≥50 years).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 3692 patients diagnosed August 2009 - March 2023, 14 % (513) were YP. YP were more likely than OP to be female (52% vs. 40 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), have ECOG performance status 0–1 (94% vs. 81 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), to have a left-sided primary (72% vs. 63 %, <em>P</em> = 0.0008) and to have fewer comorbidities (90% vs. 60 % Charleston score 0, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). There were no differences in the available molecular status, which was more complete in YP. YP were more likely to have de novo metastatic disease (71% vs. 57 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). YP were more likely to undergo curative hepatic resection (27% vs. 17 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), to receive any chemotherapy (93% vs. 78 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), and to receive 3+ lines of chemotherapy (30% vs. 24 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0034)). Median first-line progression free survival (10.2 versus 10.6 months) was similar for YP vs OP, but overall survival (32.1 versus 25.4 months, HR = 0.745, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) was longer in YP.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Known prognostic variables mostly favored YP versus OP with newly diagnosed mCRC, who were also more heavily treated. Consistent with this, overall survival outcomes were improved. This data does not support that CRC in YP represent a distinct subset of mCRC patients, or that a modified treatment approach is warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246829422400039X/pdfft?md5=ae7bbb9db3be665da9f27da6302a81ed&pid=1-s2.0-S246829422400039X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of PD-L1 expression status on the prognosis of ALK-positive lung cancer patients","authors":"Li Wang ,&nbsp;Yingjun Kong ,&nbsp;Yao Zhang ,&nbsp;Chuanyong Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study analyzes the clinical characteristics of ALK-positive lung cancer patients and the impact of PD-L1 expression on their prognosis, providing insights for diagnosis and treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A total of 291 ALK-positive lung cancer patients, tested for PD-L1 expression at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 2019 and November 2021, were included. Clinical data and prognostic information were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 to explore the relationship between clinical features and prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In ALK positive patients, the PD-L1 positivity rate was 59.8 %, with 19.2 % showing strong positivity. PD-L1 positive patients were predominantly male, over 55 years old, and presented more clinical symptoms, higher Ki-67 expression, larger tumor sizes, and more advanced disease stages. The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly lower in the ALK+PD-L1+ group compared to the ALK+PD-L1- group. Those receiving targeted therapy in stage IIIB-IVB non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer had significantly higher PFS and OS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PD-L1 positivity is common in ALK-positive lung cancer patients and correlates with poorer prognosis. PD-L1 serves as an independent predictor of adverse outcomes, indicating its potential as a biomarker for assessing lung cancer severity and prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100868"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143229498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuro-oncological research output in the Middle East: A scoping review","authors":"Ibraheem M. Alkhawaldeh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Al-Jafari ,&nbsp;Mostafa Hossam El din Moawad ,&nbsp;Yasmeen Jamal Alabdallat ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Shaaban Abdelgalil ,&nbsp;Amro K. AlQurm ,&nbsp;Sadeen Zein Eddin ,&nbsp;Layan H. Darwish ,&nbsp;Hamza K. Alsalhi ,&nbsp;Safa G. Odeh ,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J. Nashwan ,&nbsp;Ahmad A. Abujaber","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The current research efforts in the Middle East do not sufficiently capture the full extent of the burden posed by brain tumors in the region.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our study aimed to investigate the present state and future prospects of neuro-oncological research in the Middle East, with a focus on addressing existing research gaps.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a comprehensive literature search on brain tumors in the Middle East, utilizing PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Data extraction was performed by a team of four authors using Microsoft Excel. We categorized studies based on research type, study design, subject matter, and author collaboration. Statistical analysis was conducted using RStudio 4.2.3 for categorical variables, and charts and figures were generated using RStudio 4.2.3 and Microsoft Excel version 16.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our scoping review analyzed 1,451 research articles related to Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors. Primary research accounted for 65.3 % of the studies, secondary research for 11.4 %, and other research types for 23.3 %. Turkish and Iranian authors played a significant role in primary research. Case reports (23.7 %) and retrospective studies (15.9 %) were the most common study designs. Clinical studies constituted the majority (89.5 %), with public health (2.75 %) and experimental studies (7.75 %) forming the rest. Gliomas were the most prevalent CNS tumor type (20.7 %), followed by astrocytomas (6.8 %) and meningiomas (6.2 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>To meet the increasing demands of researchers, improved access to high-quality neurosurgical programs and centers in the Middle East is essential. Inadequate institutional planning may contribute to the current research accessibility deficits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population-based systematic enrolment of individuals ensures high lung cancer screening uptake","authors":"Tanel Laisaar ,&nbsp;Kadi Kallavus ,&nbsp;Anneli Poola ,&nbsp;Mari Räppo ,&nbsp;Merily Taur ,&nbsp;Vahur Makke ,&nbsp;Marianna Frik ,&nbsp;Pilvi Ilves ,&nbsp;Kaja-Triin Laisaar","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Lung cancer screening (LCS) is recommended by international societies, yet it is still debated how to efficiently enrol participants. The aim of this study was to evaluate systematic enrolment of patients through family physicians in a regional LCS pilot study in Estonia.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This study was conducted in one county (with approximately 10 % of the country's population), where all family physicians were approached. In each participating practice, all 55- to 74-year-old individuals were identified and evaluated by the family physician or nurse. Two LCS inclusion criteria were used in parallel – individuals with elevated lung cancer (LC) risk, according to either smoking status (≥20 pack-years; quit &lt;15 years ago) and/or a PLCO_m2012noRace risk score (&gt;1.5 %/6 years), underwent low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). The scans were evaluated and participants managed according to LungRADS 1.1 protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy-four participating family physician practices had 26 759 patients in the target age group. During the inclusion period 24 413 individuals were evaluated, of whom 17 215 were excluded. Of the remaining 7198 individuals, 3708 had higher LC risk and were referred for LDCT. Of the 3444 individuals who underwent LDCT, 30 were diagnosed with LC. Considering the total LCS target age group, an estimated participation rate of 79.3 % (95 %CI 78.1 %–80.5 %) was achieved.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Population-based systematic enrolment of participants for LCS by family physicians and nurses ensured very high uptake in the target group, providing a valuable reference for planning LCS programs in countries with family physicians on board.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-related breast cancer: 14-year experience in a tertiary institution in Hong Kong","authors":"Billy Ho Hung Cheung ,&nbsp;Vivian Chi Mei Man ,&nbsp;Goby Tze Wa Sham ,&nbsp;Lorraine Chow ,&nbsp;Michael Co ,&nbsp;Ava Kwong","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The incidence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is increasing. Its tumor characteristics and overall survival compared with those in nonpregnant patients remain controversial. While there have been suggestions that PABC patients have a 40 % increase in the risk of death compared to non-pregnant patients, other studies suggested similar disease outcomes. This study aims to review our local experience with PABC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-eight patients diagnosed with PABC and twenty-eight patients diagnosed at premenopausal age randomly selected by a computer-generated system during the same period were recruited. Background characteristics, tumor features, and survival were compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the twenty-eight pregnant patients, seventeen were diagnosed during pregnancy, and eleven were diagnosed in the postpartum period. Compared to the non-pregnant breast cancer patients, they presented with less progesterone receptor-positive tumor (35.7 % vs. 64.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03). Although there was no statistically significant difference in tumor size (<em>p</em> = 0.44) and nodal status (<em>p</em> = 0.16), the tumor tended to be larger in size (2.94 +/− 1.82 vs 2.40 +/− 1.69 cm) and with more nodal involvement (35.7 % vs 25.0 %). There was also a trend of delayed presentation to medical attention, with a mean duration of 13.1 weeks in the PABC group and 8.6 weeks in the control group. However, the overall survival did not differ (<em>p</em> = 0.63).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PABC is increasing in incidence. They tend to have more aggressive features, but overall survival remains similar. A multidisciplinary approach is beneficial for providing the most appropriate care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294223001053/pdfft?md5=7e4fd94c0127cf4bcd40a195119bd949&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294223001053-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138992672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting transforming growth factor-β1 by methylseleninic acid/seleno-L-methionine in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential","authors":"Aseel O. Rataan ,&nbsp;Yan Xu ,&nbsp;Sean M. Geary ,&nbsp;Yousef Zakharia ,&nbsp;Eman S. Kamel ,&nbsp;Youcef M. Rustum ,&nbsp;Aliasger K. Salem","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) poses a significant global health challenge as its incidence continues to rise, resulting in a substantial annual mortality rate. Major clinical challenges to current ccRCC treatments include high drug-resistance rates as well as dose-limiting adverse events; underlining the need to identify additional ‘druggable’ targets. TGF-β1, VEGF, and PD-L1 are potential therapeutic targets in ccRCC. This study analyzed their expression in human ccRCC cell lines and patient tumor biopsies. Data obtained from western blotting demonstrated higher levels of TGF-β1 and PD-L1 and lower levels of VEGF in sarcomatoid ccRCC cell lines compared to non-sarcomatoid ccRCC cell lines. In patient samples, TGF-β1 was significantly upregulated in both non-sarcomatoid and sarcomatoid ccRCC tumors. It was demonstrated through two assays (cellular thermal shift assay and a size exclusion assay) that methylseleninic acid (MSA) binds specifically and directly to TGF-β1. MSA treatment significantly downregulated TGF-β1, PD-L1, and VEGF in a dose- and time-dependent manner in both non-sarcomatoid and sarcomatoid ccRCC cell lines. Seleno-L-methionine (SLM) treatment in a nude mouse xenograft model showed a significant tumor growth inhibition and TGF-β1 downregulation at non-toxic doses. These findings suggest that selenium-mediated downregulation of TGF-β1, PD-L1, and VEGF could be a viable therapeutic strategy for ccRCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond immortality: Epstein–Barr virus and the intricate dance of programmed cell death in cancer development","authors":"Arezoo Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Prankur Awasthi ,&nbsp;Samira Tabaee","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This comprehensive review delves into the intricate role of programmed cell death in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancies, focusing on the sophisticated interplay between viral mechanisms and the host's immune response. The central objective is to unravel how EBV exerts control over cell death pathways such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, thereby fostering its persistence and oncogenic potential. By dissecting these mechanisms, the review seeks to identify therapeutic strategies that could disrupt EBV's manipulation of these pathways, enhancing immune recognition and opening new avenues for targeted treatment. A deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of EBV's influence on cell death not only enriches the field of viral oncology but also pinpoints targets for drug development. Furthermore, the insights gleaned from this review could catalyze the design of vaccines aimed at preventing EBV infection or curtailing its oncogenic impact. Innovatively, the review synthesizes recent discoveries on the multifaceted roles of non-coding RNAs and cellular signaling pathways in modulating cell death within the context of EBV infection. By consolidating current knowledge and identifying areas where understanding is lacking, it lays the groundwork for future research that could lead to significant advancements in vaccine development and therapeutic interventions for EBV-related cancers. This review underscores the critical necessity for ongoing investigation into the complex interplay between EBV and host cell death mechanisms, with the ultimate goal of enhancing patient outcomes in EBV-associated diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front-line liquid biopsy for early molecular assessment and treatment of hospitalized lung cancer patients","authors":"Francesca Parisi ,&nbsp;Giuseppa De Luca ,&nbsp;Manuela Mosconi ,&nbsp;Sonia Lastraioli ,&nbsp;Chiara Dellepiane ,&nbsp;Giovanni Rossi ,&nbsp;Silvia Puglisi ,&nbsp;Elisa Bennicelli ,&nbsp;Giulia Barletta ,&nbsp;Lodovica Zullo ,&nbsp;Sara Santamaria ,&nbsp;Marco Mora ,&nbsp;Alberto Ballestrero ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Montecucco ,&nbsp;Andrea Bellodi ,&nbsp;Lucia Del Mastro ,&nbsp;Matteo Lambertini ,&nbsp;Emanuela Barisione ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Cittadini ,&nbsp;Elena Tagliabue ,&nbsp;Carlo Genova","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Molecular characterization is pivotal for managing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), although this process is often time-consuming and patients’ conditions might worsen while molecular analyses are processed.</p><p>Our primary aim was to evaluate the performance of “up-front” next-generation sequencing (NGS) through liquid biopsy (LB) of hospitalized patients with newly detected lung neoplasm in parallel with conventional diagnosis. The secondary aim included longitudinal monitoring through LB of patients with oncogenic alterations at baseline.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We enrolled 47 consecutive patients immediately after hospitalization and radiological detection of symptomatic lung neoplasm. LB from peripheral blood was performed at baseline, in parallel with conventional biopsy (CB), when feasible. Additionally, LBs were repeated during treatment in patients with actionable gene alterations at baseline. Oncomine™ Lung cfTNA Research Assay panel was employed for processing plasma samples in NGS.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>47 hospitalized patients were enrolled. LB identified 28 patients with gene alterations, including mutations of <em>EGFR</em> (<em>n</em> = 7), <em>KRAS</em> (<em>n</em> = 12), <em>ERBB2</em> (<em>n</em> = 1), <em>TP53</em> (<em>n</em> = 2), <em>BRAF</em> (<em>n</em> = 1), one <em>ALK</em> rearrangement, and 4 patients with combined mutations involving <em>EGFR, KRAS</em> and <em>PIK3CA</em>.</p><p>LB and CB were consistent, except for two patients. Three patients with positive LB for oncogenic drivers did not undergo CB due to contraindications.</p><p>Median time to molecular results after LB was significantly lower compared to time to molecular report after CB (11 <em>versus</em> 22 days, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite limited numbers, our study supports the role of front-line LB for improving management of symptomatic patients with lung cancer, potentially leading to early targeted therapy initiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100839"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000510/pdfft?md5=7de73d36aa806d8764a34cae1943472b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000510-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor lysate particle only vaccine (TLPO) vs. Tumor lysate particle-loaded, dendritic cell vaccine (TLPLDC) to prevent recurrence in resected stage III/IV melanoma patients: Results of a phase I/IIa trial","authors":"Spencer G. Van Decar ,&nbsp;Elizabeth L. Carpenter ,&nbsp;Alexandra M. Adams ,&nbsp;Robert C. Chick ,&nbsp;Guy T. Clifton ,&nbsp;Alex Stojadinovic ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Vreeland ,&nbsp;Franklin A. Valdera ,&nbsp;Ankur Tiwari ,&nbsp;Anne E. O'Shea ,&nbsp;Patrick M. McCarthy ,&nbsp;Diane F. Hale ,&nbsp;Phillip M Kemp Bohan ,&nbsp;Annelies T. Hickerson ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Cindass ,&nbsp;John Hyngstrom ,&nbsp;Adam C. Berger ,&nbsp;James W. Jakub ,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Sussman ,&nbsp;Montaser Shaheen ,&nbsp;George E. Peoples","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The autologous tumor lysate, particle-loaded, dendritic cell (TLPLDC) vaccine is produced from dendritic cells (DC) loaded <em>ex vivo</em> with autologous tumor lysate (TL). TLPLDC has been shown to decrease recurrence in resected Stage III/IV melanoma patients in a Phase IIb trial. The TL particle only (TLPO) vaccine is produced by loading of yeast cell wall particles with autologous TL and direct injection allowing for in vivo DC loading. We have compared the TLPO and TLPLDC vaccines in an embedded Phase I/IIa trial of a larger Phase IIb trial of the TLPLDC vaccine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients rendered clinically disease-free after surgery were randomized 2:1 to receive the TLPO or TLPLDC vaccine and followed for recurrence and death. Patients had scheduled intradermal inoculations at 0, 1, 2, 6, 12, and 18 months after enrollment. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analysis were used to compare disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-three patients were randomized, 43 TLPO and 20 TLPLDC. Patients randomized to the TLPO arm were more likely to be female (37.2% vs. 10.0 %, <em>p</em> = 0.026), but otherwise no significant clinicopathological differences were identified. No differences in related adverse events (AE) were found between treatment arms. At a median follow-up of 20.5 months, the DFS (60.8% vs. 58.7 %, <em>p</em> = 0.714) and OS (94.6% vs. 93.8 %, <em>p</em> = 0.966) were equivalent between the TLPO and TLPLDC groups, respectively. No statistical differences were found in subgroup analyses between vaccine types, which accounted for receipt of immunotherapy and the use of G-CSF pre-blood draw.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In a randomized, double-blind Phase I/IIa trial, there were no differences in DFS or OS in resected Stage III/IV melanoma patients receiving adjuvant TLPO versus TLPLDC vaccines. Given manufacturing advantages, further efficacy testing of TLPO is warranted in a Phase III trial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000558/pdfft?md5=a50b0641d4720fd3849db87727800dda&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes in patients with high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer","authors":"Francesca Coutinho ,&nbsp;Mugdha Gokhale ,&nbsp;Charlotte Doran ,&nbsp;Matthew Monberg ,&nbsp;Karin Yamada ,&nbsp;Lei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To characterize the real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer (HR-LACC).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study identified and randomly selected adults diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 from the ConcertAI Oncology Dataset. For patients initially treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), we estimated real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) among those with persistent disease, real-world time on CCRT, and recurrence-free survival (rwRFS) using Kaplan-Meier methods.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The cohort included 300 patients. Median age at diagnosis was 51 years. 53.7 % were White and 30.0 % were Black; 52.0 % were premenopausal; 89.3 % had squamous cell histology; 75.3 % had stage III disease, and 92.7 % had no evidence of performance status impairment. Initial treatment included CCRT (<em>N</em> = 229), surgery (<em>N</em> = 28), antineoplastics only (<em>N</em> = 11), and radiation only (<em>N</em> = 5). Twenty-seven patients were untreated. Baseline characteristics for the CCRT-first patients were similar to the overall cohort; their median real-world time on treatment was 1.6 months; 78.2 % received cisplatin for a median of 1.2 months; 28.4 % received antineoplastics after CCRT, and 11.8 % initiated a second antineoplastic therapy. Of the CCRT-first patients, 27/143 with a complete response had subsequent recurrent disease (median rwRFS not reached). 179 patients had persistent disease, among whom median (95 % confidence interval [CI]) rwPFS was 29.7 (16.9–59.3) months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this study of United States-based clinical practices, most HR-LACC patients received CCRT as initial treatment. Many patients developed persistent disease after CCRT indicating a need for improved first treatment and maintenance options.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000121/pdfft?md5=f7ddf2a79fac6339adf8ede5859e2b7b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000121-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140015326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}