Cancer Communications最新文献

{"title":"Low household income and income volatility increase risk of lung cancer: A nationwide retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Chiwook Chung, Dong Wook Shin, Kyu Na Lee, Sei Won Lee, Kyungdo Han","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older adults living with gastrointestinal cancers in 2021.","authors":"Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Yanfang Pang, Torlap Inkongngam, Kornnatthanai Namsathimaphorn, Krittameth Rakwong, Chuthathip Kaeosri, Benjamin Nah, Kwanjit Duangsonk, Nicole Shu Ying Tang, Neha Mittal, Donghee Kim, Mazen Noureddin, Michael B Wallace, Amit G Singal, Karn Wijarnpreecha, Ju Dong Yang","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial of bireociclib as monotherapy for heavily pretreated HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients: BRIGHT-1 trial.","authors":"Jiayu Wang, Qingyuan Zhang, Tao Sun, Huiping Li, Ying Cheng, Zhongsheng Tong, Huihui Li, Wei Li, Jingfen Wang, Yuee Teng, Xinhong Wu, Jing Cheng, Zhendong Chen, Zhengqiu Zhu, Li Wang, Mingming Liu, Xianghui Duan, Lingmei Xu, Binghe Xu","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bireociclib (XZP-3287) is a novel selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, with a favorable safety profile demonstrated in preclinical and phase I studies. BRIGHT-1 aimed to further explore the efficacy and safety of bireociclib monotherapy in patients with locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic, hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR⁺/HER2^-) breast cancer who had progressed on or after prior chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in advanced settings, without previous exposure to CDK4/6 inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this open-label phase II trial, eligible patients received bireociclib 480 mg twice daily (BID) until disease progression or intolerable toxicities. The primary endpoint was the confirmed objective response rate (ORR) assessed by an independent review committee (IRC). The secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), investigator-assessed ORR, disease control rate (DCR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), duration of response (DoR), overall survival (OS), safety and the pharmacokinetic properties of bireociclib.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 131 patients were enrolled. At data cutoff (July 31, 2023), the IRC-assessed ORR was 29.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.1% to 38.4%), with a DCR of 73.3% (95% CI, 64.8% to 80.6%), CBR of 42.0% (95% CI, 33.4% to 50.9%) and a median DoR of 15.2 months (95% CI, 9.5 months to not reached). The median PFS was 11.0 months (95% CI, 7.3 months to 12.9 months) assessed by the IRC, and the median OS was 29.0 months (95% CI, 24.9 months to not reached). The most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of any grade were diarrhea (93.1%), neutrophil count decreased (87.0%), white blood cell decreased (86.3%), vomiting (78.6%), anemia (72.5%), and platelet count decreased (72.5%). The grade ≥3 TEAEs occurred in 109 (83.2%) patients. The most common grade ≥3 TEAEs were neutrophil count decreased (43.5%), white blood cell decreased (32.8%), hypokalemia (20.6%), and diarrhea (19.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bireociclib monotherapy at 480 mg BID exhibited promising and sustained clinical activity, with no unexpected and acceptable toxicity in patients with recurrent or metastatic HR⁺/HER2^- breast cancer who had progressed on or after previous therapy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinicaltrials.gov ID, NCT04539496.</p>","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus anlotinib in the treatment of resectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A pilot phase II trial","authors":"Qianting He,&nbsp;Shuojin Huang,&nbsp;Dongxiao Tang,&nbsp;Congyuan Cao,&nbsp;Wanhang Zhou,&nbsp;Rongsong Ling,&nbsp;Jie Chen,&nbsp;Bokai Yun,&nbsp;Xin Zheng,&nbsp;Yanchen Li,&nbsp;Anxun Wang,&nbsp;Demeng Chen","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cac2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) continues to be a major global health challenge, with limited survival improvements for patients with locally advanced (LA) or recurrent (R) disease [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Anlotinib, a novel orally administered small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) developed in China, targets a wide range of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. Our previous studies have also manifested that anlotinib remarkably inhibited the proliferation of HNSCC cells both in vitro and in vivo, and presented promising clinical antitumor efficacy and tolerable safety profile in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) [&lt;span&gt;3, 4&lt;/span&gt;]. This prospective trial was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin (TP) neoadjuvant therapy in patients with resectable HNSCC. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying the effects of anlotinib and neoadjuvant chemotherapy on HNSCC were investigated through spatial transcriptomics (STs) and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Between October 2022 and May 2023, 20 resectable HNSCC patients were enrolled (median age, 55; range, 27-73). Baseline demographics and disease characteristics are detailed in Supplementary Tables S1-S2. All patients received 3 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy, followed by surgery in 17 and maintenance therapy in 16. No patients were lost to follow-up (study flowchart in Figure 1A). After neoadjuvant therapy, 95.0% (19/20) achieved partial response (PR), and 5.0% (1/20) achieved complete response (CR), with an Objective response rate (ORR) of 100% (95% confidence interval [CI], 83.2-100). Figure 1B shows the waterfall plot of tumor size changes. Surgical resection was performed in 17 patients (LA, 12; R, 5) with a 100% R0 resection rate, one patient declined surgery due to financial constraints and the other two did not want to perform surgery as their tumors had almost regressed. Postoperative pathological efficacy (Supplementary Table S3) showed pathological complete response (pCR) and major pathological response (MPR) in 7 patients each (41.2%; 95% CI, 18.4-67.1). Among 11 with positive cervical lymph nodes, 6 achieved pCR (54.5%; 95% CI, 23.4-83.3). Imaging and pathological data of patient #14 with CR are shown in Figure 1C-D.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;All patients were followed for at least one year. Treatment responses and durations are shown in Figure 1E. By May 15, 2024, 17 out of 20 patients were alive. Of the 3 deaths, 1 patient with LA declined further therapy for financial constraints after neoadjuvant treatment and died a year later, another patient with LA refused maintenance therapy after surgery and died within a year, while one patient with LA died in a traffic accident four months post-radiotherapy. Among the all 20 patients, 5 (4 with LA and 1 with R) experienced local recurrence within 1 year. Of the 17 patients with R0 resection, 4 (3 with LA and 1 with R) had a local recurrence","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"45 5","pages":"632-636"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 45, Issue 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cac2.12553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.12553","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cover Image © Rachaphak/Shutterstock</p>","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.12553","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori CagA elevates FTO to induce gastric cancer progression via a “hit-and-run” paradigm","authors":"Bing He,&nbsp;Yiyang Hu,&nbsp;Yuyun Wu,&nbsp;Chao Wang,&nbsp;Limin Gao,&nbsp;Chunli Gong,&nbsp;Zhibin Li,&nbsp;Nannan Gao,&nbsp;Huan Yang,&nbsp;Yufeng Xiao,&nbsp;Shiming Yang","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cac2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection contributes significantly to gastric cancer (GC) progression. The intrinsic mechanisms of <i>H. pylori</i>-host interactions and their role in promoting GC progression need further investigation. In this study, we explored the potential role of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) in mediating Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)-induced GC progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of <i>H. pylori</i> infection on N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification were evaluated in both human samples and GC cell lines. The function of FTO in the progression of GC was elucidated through in vitro and in vivo studies. A series of techniques, including methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, RNA sequencing, RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, were utilized to investigate the mechanism by which FTO mediates the capacity of <i>cagA</i>-positive <i>H. pylori</i> to promote GC progression. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of the FTO inhibitor meclofenamic acid (MA) in impeding GC progression was evaluated across GC cells, animal models, and human GC organoids.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infection with <i>cagA</i>-positive <i>H. pylori</i> upregulated the expression of <i>FTO</i>, which was essential for CagA-mediated GC metastasis and significantly associated with a poor prognosis in GC patients. Mechanistically, CagA delivered by <i>H. pylori</i> enhanced <i>FTO</i> transcription via Jun proto-oncogene. Elevated FTO induced demethylation of m⁶A and inhibited the degradation of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF), thereby facilitating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in GC cells. Interestingly, eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> did not fully reverse the increases in FTO and HBEGF levels induced by <i>cagA</i>-positive <i>H. pylori</i>. However, treatment with a combination of antibiotics and MA substantially inhibited <i>cagA</i>-positive <i>H. pylori</i>-induced EMT and prevented GC metastasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study revealed that FTO mediates the “hit-and-run” mechanism of CagA-induced GC progression, which suggests that the therapeutic targeting of FTO could offer a promising approach to the prevention of CagA-induced cancer progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"45 5","pages":"608-631"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper in cancer: friend or foe? Metabolism, dysregulation, and therapeutic opportunities","authors":"Dan Shan,&nbsp;Jinling Song,&nbsp;Yuqing Ren,&nbsp;Yuyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Yuhao Ba,&nbsp;Peng Luo,&nbsp;Quan Cheng,&nbsp;Hui Xu,&nbsp;Siyuan Weng,&nbsp;Anning Zuo,&nbsp;Shutong Liu,&nbsp;Xinwei Han,&nbsp;Jinhai Deng,&nbsp;Zaoqu Liu","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cac2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Copper, one of the essential nutrients for the human body, acts as an electron relay in multiple pathways due to its redox properties. Both deficiencies and excesses of copper lead to cellular fragility. Therefore, it can manifest pro- and anti-cancer properties in tumors. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the copper activity within the cell. We have thoughtfully summarized the metabolic activities of copper from a macro and micro perspective. Cuproptosis, as well as other forms of cell death, is directly or indirectly interfered with by Cu²⁺, causing cancer cell death. Meanwhile, we did pan-cancer analysis of cuproptosis-related genes to further clarify the roles of these genes. In addition, copper has been found to be involved in multiple pathways within the metastasis of cancer cells. Given the complexity of copper's role, we are compelled to ask: is copper a friend or a foe? Up to now, copper has been used in various clinical applications, including protocols for measurement of copper concentration and bioimaging of radioactive ⁶⁴Cu. But therapeutically it is still a continuation of the old medicine, and new possibilities need to be explored, such as the use of nanomaterials. Some studies have also shown that copper has considerable interventional power in metabolic cancers, which provides the great applications potential of copper therapy in specific cancer types. This paper reviews the dual roles played by cuproptosis in cancer from the new perspectives of oxidative stress, cell death, and tumor metastasis, and points out the value of its application in specific cancer types, summarizes the value of its testing and imaging from the perspective of clinical application as well as the current feasible options for the new use of the old drugs, and emphasizes the prospects for the application of nano-copper.</p>","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"45 5","pages":"577-607"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: clinical outcomes across risk groups in a Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium","authors":"Hatice Bolek,&nbsp;Omer Faruk Kuzu,&nbsp;Elif Sertesen Camoz,&nbsp;Saadet Sim,&nbsp;Serhat Sekmek,&nbsp;Hilal Karakas,&nbsp;Selver Isık,&nbsp;Murad Guliyev,&nbsp;Aysun Fatma Akkus,&nbsp;Deniz Tural,&nbsp;Cagatay Arslan,&nbsp;Sema Sezin Goksu,&nbsp;Ozlem Nuray Sever,&nbsp;Nuri Karadurmus,&nbsp;Cengiz Karacin,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Nahit Sendur,&nbsp;Emre Yekedüz,&nbsp;Yuksel Urun","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cac2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is responsible for an estimated 434,419 new cases and 155,702 deaths, which amounts to 2.2% of all new cancer globally [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. Despite the advent of new combination therapies, the 3-year overall survival (OS) in metastatic RCC (mRCC) remains around 60% [&lt;span&gt;2-4&lt;/span&gt;]. To stratify the patients according to their prognosis, the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) model and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) model, are well developed and used before the initiation of the treatment. Sunitinib was the standard of care after showing superiority over interferon alfa in mRCC until immunotherapy (IO) combinations gained approval [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. While IO and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) combinations are recommended first-line, they have not shown a significant OS benefit in patients with IMDC favorable risk and remain costly, limiting access in resource-constrained settings. This study evaluates clinical outcomes of mRCC patients treated with first-line sunitinib and aims to identify factors impacting these outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Turkish Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC) database. The study included patients aged 18 and older diagnosed with mRCC and treated with sunitinib as a first-line therapy. The primary objectives were to evaluate time to treatment failure (TTF) across risk groups and identify factors affecting TTF. Secondary objectives included assessing OS by risk group, factors affecting OS, and objective response rate (ORR). TTF was defined as the time from treatment start to discontinuation due to any cause, while OS was defined as the time from treatment start to death. ORR represented the percentage achieving complete response (CR) or partial response (PR).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 24.0. Survival curves were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method, and multivariate analyses included variables with &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.20 in univariate analyses. Cox regression calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A total of 531 patients with median age of 57.3 (interquartile range = 12.5) years were included the study. Baseline characteristics and of patients were summarized in Supplementary Table S1. Median TTF was 10.25 (95% CI = 8.94-11.55) months (Figure 1A). Median TTF was 10.12 (95% CI = 8.55-11.69) months for clear cell histology and 10.86 (95% CI = 8.14-13.21) months for non-clear cell histology (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.653). TTF was 15.70 (95% CI = 11.76-19.64), 11.36 (95% CI = 9.89-12.84), and 4.89 (95% CI = 3.83-5.95) months for IMDC favorable, intermediate and poor risk groups, respectively. There was no difference in TTF between patients with IMDC favorable risk and IMDC intermediate risk with 1 risk factor (15.70 months vs","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"45 5","pages":"572-576"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking barriers: Smart vaccine platforms for cancer immunomodulation","authors":"Mohammad Mahmoudi Gomari,&nbsp;Taha Ghantabpour,&nbsp;Nima Pourgholam,&nbsp;Neda Rostami,&nbsp;Stephen M. Hatfield,&nbsp;Farzaneh Namazifar,&nbsp;Shadi Abkhiz,&nbsp;Seyed Sadegh Eslami,&nbsp;Mahsa Ramezanpour,&nbsp;Mahsa Darestanifarahani,&nbsp;Igor Astsaturov,&nbsp;Sidi A. Bencherif","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cac2.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite significant advancements in cancer treatment, current therapies often fail to completely eradicate malignant cells. This shortfall underscores the urgent need to explore alternative approaches such as cancer vaccines. Leveraging the immune system's natural ability to target and kill cancer cells holds great therapeutic potential. However, the development of cancer vaccines is hindered by several challenges, including low stability, inadequate immune response activation, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which limit their efficacy. Recent progress in various fields, such as click chemistry, nanotechnology, exosome engineering, and neoantigen design, offer innovative solutions to these challenges. These achievements have led to the emergence of smart vaccine platforms (SVPs), which integrate protective carriers for messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) with functionalization strategies to optimize targeted delivery. Click chemistry further enhances SVP performance by improving the encapsulation of mRNA antigens and facilitating their precise delivery to target cells. This review highlights the latest developments in SVP technologies for cancer therapy, exploring both their opportunities and challenges in advancing these transformative approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"45 5","pages":"529-571"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143122299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cervical cancer screening strategies in women living with HIV in Thailand","authors":"Patumrat Sripan,&nbsp;Myrtille Prouté,&nbsp;Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong,&nbsp;Samreung Rangdaeng,&nbsp;Chaiwat Putiyanun,&nbsp;Guttiga Halue,&nbsp;Prattana Leenasirimakul,&nbsp;Suchart Thongpaen,&nbsp;Sudanee Buranabanjasatean,&nbsp;Sophie Le Coeur,&nbsp;Tristan Delory","doi":"10.1002/cac2.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cac2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Women living with human immunodeficiency viruses (WLHIV) are six times more likely to develop cervical cancer than the general population; they represent less than 1% of the world's population, but account for more than 5% of cervical cancers [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;]. WLHIV also have higher prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection with high-risk oncogenic genotypes (HR-HPV) than the general population [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;]. In Asia, an estimated 35% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 30%-39%) of WLHIV carry HR-HPV infection [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;]. Before 2021, Thailand's national cervical cancer screening program recommended cervical cytology. Since then, the Thai Ministry of Public Health, in line with the World Health Organization (WHO), has approved screening of all women aged 30-60 years (including those living with HIV) with standalone (primary) HPV test every 5 years [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this context, to determine the optimal cervical cancer screening strategy for WLHIV, we used data from the PapilloV cohort (NCT01792973) in which WLHIV had yearly screening for cervical cancer using cytology, HPV-DNA testing with full genotype subtyping (PapilloCheck&lt;sup&gt;®&lt;/sup&gt;, Greiner Bio-One, Germany), and histology if necessary. Women in the cohort were all receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), their HIV infection was well-controlled and they were highly compliant with the screening study protocol: 90% with at least 2 visits and 81% with at least 3 visits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We designed 17 screening strategies (Supplementary Figure S1), including cytology alone, primary HPV testing alone, reflex HPV testing (HPV test after abnormal cytology), reflex cytology (cytology after positive HPV testing), and co-testing (simultaneous cytology and HPV testing). For HPV testing, we considered four genotype combinations, among those prevalent in Asia and associated with cancer: “HR-HPV 16/18”, “HR-HPV 16/18/31/33/52”, “any HR-HPV”, and “any HR-HPV or potentially HR (pHR)-HPV” [&lt;span&gt;3, 5&lt;/span&gt;–&lt;span&gt;7&lt;/span&gt;]. Methods are detailed in Supplementary Materials and Methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Among 179 WLHIV who underwent a total of 251 check-up visits with three interpretable screening tests (cytology, HPV test, and biopsy) over the 3-year follow-up, we diagnosed 40 (15.9%, 95% CI: 11.9%-20.9%) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) and 24 (9.6%, 95% CI: 6.5%-13.8%) CIN3+ at biopsy. The population selection and its characteristics including HIV infection history, cytology, histology and HPV testing results are detailed in Supplementary Tables S1-S2 and Supplementary Figure S2.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We estimated the diagnostic performance of each screening strategy and its probability of not detecting high-grade cervical lesions. Depending on the strategy, 4 to 40 CIN2+ lesions could be detected with a sensitivity ranging from 16% to 100%, specificity from 3% to 93%, positive predictive value from 16% to 53%, and negative predictive value from 77% to 100% (Supplementary Table S3). Th","PeriodicalId":9495,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Communications","volume":"45 5","pages":"525-528"},"PeriodicalIF":20.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cac2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143058278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}