Psychopharmacology bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Early Positive Report of Viloxazine for a Child with Hyperkinetic Autism.","authors":"Ahmed Naguy, Nadyah Alayadhi, Saxby Pridmore, Bibi Alamiri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, authors report on an ASD child with comorbid ADHD, ID, metabolic syndrome and nocturnal enuresis that failed multiple trials of psychotropic agents for behavioural dyscontrol. Viloxazine adjuventia brought about remarkable improvement spanning different domains. Purported pharmacodynamic mechanisms are briefly discussed. This case represents one of the earliest reports of viloxazine use in ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"55 1","pages":"89-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Episode Psychosis in a Teen with Narcolepsy and Cataplexy.","authors":"Trishna Sharma, Annette C Kestner, Abhishek Reddy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Narcolepsy with cataplexy (NT1) is a sleep disorder very rarely associated with early-onset psychosis. The incidence of this association is unknown but appears to be more common in children and adolescents. This combination of diagnoses presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. This case report discusses an adolescent female with first-episode psychosis who was being treated for NT1 and had no prior psychiatric history. After ruling out other possible medical causes, she was given an initial diagnosis of a brief psychotic episode and treated with Risperidone while continuing treatment for NT1 with Modafinil and Venlafaxine. Following partial response to Risperidone, her psychosis improved with Chlorpromazine, one of the first documented cases of successful use of this medication for first-episode psychosis with NT1.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"55 1","pages":"80-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Interleukin 1-β mRNA Levels as Predictors of Antidepressant Treatment Response in Major Depression.","authors":"Henry R Kranzler, Annjanette Stone, Steven A Schichman, L Michelle Griffin, Hannah Roggenkamp, Michael E Thase, Kevin G Lynch, David W Oslin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunologic measures have been studied as predictors of who will respond to standard antidepressants. Two previous, small studies of pretreatment leukocyte mRNA expression levels of the cytokines macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and interleukin 1-beta (IL1-β) identified antidepressant treatment responders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We tested these findings in 1,299 patients from the PRIME Care study, a multi-center pharmacogenetic depression treatment trial. Patients underwent 5 depression-symptom assessments over 24 weeks. mRNA was extracted from peripheral blood, purified, and assayed with TaqMan gene expression assays and a known copy number calibrator to yield relative quantification and copy numbers for each sample. In generalized estimating equations models, we regressed the repeated depression measures and a binary treatment response measure on the baseline MIF and IL-1β measures and relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' depression scores decreased monotonically during treatment, with the treatment response percentage increasing concomitantly. We found no significant associations of the cytokine concentrations with either the change in depression scores or the likelihood of a treatment response. A secondary analysis limited to a subsample of 126 participants selected to remove the potential for confounding also showed no significant associations.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Despite efforts to control for sample and assay method differences, these could have contributed to the lack of replication of prior research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We did not replicate prior findings that pre-treatment expression levels for two cytokines predicted antidepressant treatment response. This raises questions about the clinical utility of using these biomarkers in treating depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"55 1","pages":"8-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychopharmacotherapy of Pica-<i>How Much Do We Know</i>?","authors":"Ahmed Naguy, Nadyah Alayadhi, Soliman Al-Khadhari, Mohamed Y Abuzeid, Saxby Pridmore","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is little evidence for psychopharmacotherapy in pica. A few studies reported some benefit from the use of SSRIs, atypical antipsychotics and methylphenidate. That said, evidence to deploy these agents remains, at large, flimsy. Here, despite scarcity, we review available literature and draw some generalities that can inform decision-making on clinical grounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 4","pages":"119-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stellate Ganglion Blocks for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Complications.","authors":"Jamal Hasoon, Sana Sultana, Aila Malik, Patrick Brown, Alexa Ryder, Christopher L Robinson, Ivan Urits, Giustino Varrassi, Omar Viswanath","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) stands as a pervasive psychiatric condition, exerting a profound impact on millions across the globe. Despite the availability of traditional therapeutic modalities, many individuals continue to grapple with suboptimal treatment outcomes, underscoring the urgent need for novel interventions. In recent years, stellate ganglion blocks (SGBs) have garnered attention as a promising avenue in the treatment landscape for PTSD, showcasing remarkable efficacy in ameliorating symptomatology and enhancing overall quality of life. This comprehensive review seeks to delve into the current landscape of research surrounding SGBs for PTSD, including proposed mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy across diverse patient populations, safety profile, and potential avenues for further exploration and refinement. By synthesizing the latest evidence and insights, this review aims to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive understanding of the role of SGBs in PTSD management, ultimately informing clinical practice and guiding future research endeavors in this area of mental health intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 4","pages":"106-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome among Patients Taking Atypical Antipsychotics: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study at Erada and Mental Health Complex in Taif, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Dhaifallah M Alhasani, Anas Ibn Auf, Ahmed A Alghamdi, Abdullah R Alzahrani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Second-Generation Antipsychotics (SGAs) are widely used for treating psychiatric disorders due to their favorable side effect profile compared to First-Generation Antipsychotics (FGAs). However, SGAs are associated with significant metabolic side effects. This study aims to explore the sociodemographic and health differences between individuals using SGAs and those not using them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted with 148 participants, including 102 SGA users and 46 non-users. Data were collected from patients and medical records, encompassing sociodemographic factors and health variables including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and BMI. Statistical analyses included chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to compare the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SGA users had higher rates of overweight and obesity compared to non-users (p = 0.000), with 30.4% overweight and 29.4% obese among SGA users versus 21.7% overweight and 4.3% obese among non-users. A higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease was observed in SGA users (11.8% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.076). Although not statistically significant, trends indicated higher rates of diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia in non-users (30.4% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.110 and 7% vs. 0%, p = 0.083, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights significant differences in BMI and cardiovascular disease prevalence between SGA users and non-users, reinforcing the need for comprehensive metabolic monitoring in patients treated with SGAs. The findings underscore the importance of considering sociodemographic factors in managing the health risks associated with SGA use. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is warranted to better understand these associations and develop targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 4","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Magnesium for the Management of Chronic Pain:An Updated Review of the Literature.","authors":"Henry Onyeaka, Janet Adeola, Rebecca Xu, Adlai Liburne Pappy, Marchelle Smucker, Wisdom Ufondu, Moyasar Osman, Jamal Hasoon, Vwaire Orhurhu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Available therapeutic options are currently limited by their modest efficacy. As a result, novel pharmacotherapeutic treatments with different mechanisms have recently attracted empirical attention. Magnesium, a divalent cation, is postulated to provide analgesic and anti-nociceptive effect through its action at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Considering the evidence surrounding magnesium's potential as a therapeutic modality for chronic pain, we conducted a narrative review on the evidence of magnesium's therapeutic effects in chronic pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of the PubMed, and Google scholar databases was undertaken in May 2022 to identify completed studies that investigated the effectiveness of magnesium in the treatment of chronic pain from database inception to May 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 33 studies were included in the narrative review, out of which 26 were randomized controlled trials. Findings on available studies suggest that intravenous infusion of magnesium is an emerging and promising option that may alleviate pain in some clinical populations. Our narrative synthesis showed that evidence for intravenous magnesium is currently equivocal for a variety of chronic pain syndrome. Findings indicate that evidence for efficacy is poor or equivocal for: CRPS, neuropathic pain, chronic low back pain, and migraine prophylaxis. However, there is good evidence supporting the efficacy of intravenous magnesium for treating renal colic pain and pelvic pain related to endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Magnesium may be a promising pharmacologic solution for chronic pain. Future investigation is warranted on elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms of magnesium in attenuating pain signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 4","pages":"81-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sublingual Atropine Administration for Clozapine-Induced Sialorrhea in Bipolar Disorder: A Case Report Highlighting its Efficacy, Safety Concerns and Challenges.","authors":"Omar Afroz, Shaurya Garg, Amit Kumar, Preethy Kathiresan, Deepika Mishra, Raman Deep","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We discuss a case with off-label sublingual administration of atropine for clozapine-induced sialorrhea (CIS) after failure of two commonly used agents to manage CIS. Atropine had a demonstrable efficacy, as measured by means of sialometry conducted before and after its administration. The salivary rate, initially measured at 0.60 g/min one hour before atropine administration, reduced to 0.23 g/min two hours after administration. Sublingual administration of atropine was found to be an efficacious option for this patient, but safety issues particularly tachycardia and pragmatics such as risk of inadvertent overdose led to its discontinuation after the initial dose. Developing micro-dosing devices for sublingual atropine could enhance administration precision, reduce side effects, and provide a cost-effective solution. The case report also underscores the need to employ sialometry for the objective assessment of treatment outcomes in future research trials for hypersalivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 4","pages":"124-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valproate-Autism Labyrinth.","authors":"Ahmed Naguy, Maryam Alqabandi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Valproate and Autism complexity is manifold. From an established environmental risk factor for autism, to a translational animal model, valproate's composite mode of action might unfold to address core autistic domains transcending mere aggressive behavioural control.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 4","pages":"131-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serotonergic Drugs for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Past Development, Pitfalls and Failures, and a Look to the Future.","authors":"Craig Chepke, Elizabeth Brunner, Andrew J Cutler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serotonin has been implicated in the neurobiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) due to its association with impulsivity, attention, and emotional regulation. Many compounds with serotonergic properties have been evaluated in ADHD, but few have been approved by regulatory authorities. Utilizing a search of public databases, we identified interventions studied in ADHD. Prescribing information and peer-reviewed and gray literature helped us to determine which compounds had an underlying mechanism of action associated with changing serotonin levels. Of the 24 compounds that met the search criteria, 16 had either failed clinical studies in an ADHD population or had been discontinued from future development. The available evidence was assessed to identify the developmental history of drugs with serotonergic activity and the outlook for new ADHD drug candidates targeting serotonin. Several treatment candidates floundered due to an inability to balance effectiveness with safety, underscoring the potential importance of potency, and selectivity. Ongoing drug development includes compounds with multimodal mechanisms of action targeting neurotransmission across serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine pathways; it appears likely that treatment which balances competing and complementary monoamine effects may provide improved outcomes for patients. It is hoped that continuing research into ADHD treatment will produce new therapeutic options targeting the serotonergic system, which can positively impact a wide range of symptoms, including mood, anxiety, and sleep as well as attention and hyperactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 4","pages":"45-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}