International journal of medicinal mushrooms最新文献

{"title":"Mechanistic Study of Chaga Medicinal Mushroom Inonotus obliquus (Agaricomycetes) Phenolic Compounds in the Treatment of Liver Cancer: A Database and Simulation Approach.","authors":"Hui-Xuan Tan, Yue-Ting Wang, Ruo-Lin Shen, Ming Jiang","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025058720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025058720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inonotus obliquus is a large fungus with high phenolic content that has demonstrated promising potential for the treatment of liver cancer. However, studies investigating its mechanism of action in the treatment of liver cancer are scarce. To explore its mechanism of action, network pharmacology was used to collect phenolic compounds from I. obliquus, identify potential targets related to liver cancer, and examine their association with relevant signaling pathways. Moreover, molecular docking was conducted to explore the binding abilities between the phenolic compounds of I. obliquus and core targets. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to assess the binding stability of protein-ligand complexes. A total of 22 phenolic compounds were identified in I. obliquus in the CNKI database. The 10 core targets in the PPI network included VEGFA, CTNNB1, KDR, VAV3, VAV2, CDC42, TP53, CBL, CCND1 and CDK2, all of which were primarily related to tumor angiogenesis, invasion, migration and cell cycle. GO analysis yielded 1487 biological processes, 99 cellular components, and 207 molecular functions. Meanwhile, KEGG enrichment analysis identified 103 signaling pathways, of which the MAPK pathway had the most annotated targets. Additionally, the results of molecular docking indicated that phenolic compounds in I. obliquus could effectively bind to the 10 core targets in the PPI network, with the lowest overall binding energy observed for the target CDK2. Finally, the results of molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated that over 100 ns, the phenolic compounds in I. obliquus, namely hesperetin, quercetin, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and rutin, could stably bind to the target CDK2. Overall, these findings indicated that phenolic compounds in I. obliquus regulate the proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of liver cancer cells through multiple targets and signaling pathways. This study provides a scientific reference for the development of I. obliquus phenolic compounds as therapeutic agents for liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 7","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Triterpene on Motor and Spatial Learning Disorders in 5xFAD Mice.","authors":"Chang Zhang, Yuanzi Ye, Weiyao Wang, Chunyan Wang, Peigang Gao, Peng Wan","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024057835","DOIUrl":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024057835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that gradually destroys cognitive, memory, and thinking skills. Although increasing evidence has demonstrated that Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids (GLT) can ameliorate the motor and spatial learning disorders of AD, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Hence, in this study, GLT were obtained by using a traditional Chinese medicine processing method, and then the effects of GLT on motor and spatial learning disorders in 5xFAD mice were investigated by using various techniques such as behavioral analysis, micro-dialysis, and neurophysiological recording. Compared with the 5xFAD group, 0.5 g/kg GLT could decrease escape latency, the total number of limb errors, and the duration of errors. This dose could also increase the number of crossing the original platform, the total movement time, and the distance in the central region of the open-field box, as well as the maximum movement speed and continuous movement time on the rotating rod. After GLT treatment, the glutamate (Glu) content and variation coefficient of a simple spike of Purkinje cells decreased compared with the 5xFAD group, thereby improving the spatial learning and memory ability. Overall, this study shows that GLT may be a potential therapeutic method for patients with AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 4","pages":"21-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Profile and Biological Activity of the Hymenochaetoid Mushroom Hirschioporus fuscoviolaceus (Agaricomycetes).","authors":"Suratno Suratno, Bianka Várnai, Csenge Anna Felegyi-Tóth, Viktor Papp, Imre Boldizsár, Tamás Gáti, Ágnes M Móricz, Szabolcs Béni, Attila Vanyolos","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025059003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025059003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hirschioporus fuscoviolaceus is a commonly distributed saprotrophic fungus across the coniferous forests of temperate regions. An in-depth chemical analysis of the methanol extract of H. fuscoviolaceus resulted in the isolation of four compounds (1-4). The four fungal metabolites were identified as ergosterol peroxide (1), 5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6-en-3β-ol (2), β-sitosterol (3) and 9,11-dehydro-ergosterol peroxide (4), that latest was isolated as a mixture with its closely related compound, ergosterol peroxide (1). The structure identification of the isolated compounds was carried out by one- and two-dimensional NMR and MS analysis. The antimicrobial properties of the fungal secondary metabolites were investigated on several pathogens including Bacillus subtilis, Rhodococcus fascians, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, and Fusarium graminearum. According to our results, among the identified ergostane-type sterols only mixture of compounds 1 and 4 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity on Bacillus subtilis and Rhodococcus fascians. For the examination of their potential α-glucosidase, lipase and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities, dot-blot enzyme assays were performed which highlighted that compounds 1-4 have considerable α-glucosidase inhibitory property, with the most active isolates of 3 and 4, while compounds 1, 2 and 4 demonstrated notable activity against acetylcholinesterase. The current study represents the first report on the chemical profile of H. fuscoviolaceus, providing a comprehensive study on the isolation and structure elucidation of the most important secondary metabolites and their potential biological activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 9","pages":"27-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Treatment Abolishes Cytotoxicity of the Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycota) Cold-Phosphate-Buffered Saline Extract.","authors":"Takashi Kanno, Rui Tada, Toyokazu Nakasone, Shigemi Okamatsu, Yoichiro Iwakura, Kazuhiro Tamura, Hiroaki Miyaoka, Yoshiyuki Adachi","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025059237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025059237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cordyceps militaris is an entomopathogenic fungus that is traditionally used in East Asian medicine. The fungus contains various bioactive compounds that have potential therapeutic applications. Although the immunostimulatory effects of hot-water extracts from C. militaris were previously demonstrated through dectin-1-mediated pathways, the biological properties of cold-water extracts remain unexplored. Therefore, in this study, the physicochemical properties and biological effects of cold phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) extracts from C. militaris fruiting bodies (CPE-CM) were investigated. Cold PBS extraction (4°C for 24 h) resulted in considerable browning, which was effectively suppressed by phenylthiourea, which is a polyphenol oxidase inhibitor. CPE-CM exhibited potent concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in mouse splenocytes. In contrast to previous hot-water extract findings, a comparison between wild-type and dectin-1-knockout mice revealed that this cytotoxicity was independent of dectin-1 signaling. Importantly, cytotoxicity was completely abolished by heat treatment above 70°C, suggesting the presence of heat-labile toxic components. These findings provide new insights into C. militaris extract preparation methods and support the traditional preference for hot-water extraction in Eastern medicine. The study results also emphasize the importance of extraction conditions in determining the biological properties of medicinal mushroom preparations. Furthermore, the study suggests that hot-water extraction may be optimal for obtaining beneficial compounds while eliminating potentially harmful components.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 9","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Process for Mycoprotein and Enzyme Production during Solid-State Fermentation of Lignocellulosic Materials Using Medicinal Mushrooms.","authors":"Violeta Berikashvili, Tamar Khardziani, Vladimir I Elisashvili","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025058995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025058995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the potential of Ganoderma lucidum BCC447 and Pleurotus ostreatus BCC2191 to enrich plant materials with mycoproteins and cellulases through solid-state fermentation (SSF) of wheat bran, shredded wheat, and soybean meal for the use of the fermented product as a natural food additive in poultry and livestock feed formulations. The maximum protein accumulation in plant substrates was detected after 12 d of mushroom cultivation. An additional carbon source, glycerol at a concentration of 80 mg/g substrate, provided an increase in protein compared with the control medium by 52.6%, 67.5%, and 42.6% in the SSF, respectively, of wheat bran, shredded wheat and soybean flour with G. lucidum and by 55.5%, 56.8%, and 45.5% in fermentation with P. ostreatus. The protein gain in the presence of additional organic nitrogen sources increased compared with the control medium by 59-88% with wheat bran fermentation and by 89-107% with soybean meal SSF. G. lucidum BCC447 and P. ostreatus BCC2191 due to their capacity of secreting a wide spectrum of enzymes, may become a preferred and inexpensive means to enrich lignocellulose with fungal protein and polysaccharide-hydrolyzing enzymes for use as a feed additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 9","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular, Phylogenetic, and Chemistry Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Potential of Cyclocybe cylindracea Strain TMES42 (Agaricomycetes) from Algeria.","authors":"Mohammed Esseddik Toumi, Redouane Rebai, Fethi Farouk Kebaili, Ilham Meriane, Zouaoui Amine Achouri, Mohamed Adlene Lahneche, Ibtissem Maghboune, Amina Guetteche, Imene Derardja, Leila Bellebcir, Massimiliano Perduca, Youcef Necib","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025059220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025059220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study is a first report on the phylogenetic and the medicinal properties of an Algerian mushroom Cyclocybe cylindracea strain TMES42. Different extracts were obtained from sequential liquid-liquid extraction using three solvents of increasing polarity (chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol). Antioxidant potential was evaluated using different methods (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and phenanthroline assays). The phenolic composition of acetate-ethyl-extract (AcEt-Ext) was characterized under LC-ESI-MS-MS analysis, and the antiproliferative effect was determined against the breast-maligned cell line MCF-7. Results demonstrated that the studied mushroom has a promising cytotoxic activity. Its AcEt-Ext fraction showed significant antioxidant activities as well as high phenolic acid and total phenolic content compared with other fractions. This fraction induced breast malignant cell cytotoxicity, exhibiting an IC50 value of 59.84 ± 4.06 μg/ml, and demonstrated a significant selectivity index; these findings suggest that C. cylindracea could be regarded as a promising natural therapeutic agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 10","pages":"43-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of Tlayudas (Tortillas) Containing Standardized Extracts from Mexican Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Increases the Expression of Antioxidant Genes in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet.","authors":"Jesús de la Cruz, Daniel Martínez-Carrera, María Eugenia Meneses, Mario Aliphat, Miguel Sánchez, Myrna Bonilla, Ivan Castillo, Beatriz Petlacalco, Mónica Sánchez-Tapia, Diana Coutiño-Hernández, Alfredo Morales, Nora Fernández, Wilfrido Martínez, Nimbe Torres, Armando R Tovar","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025060069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025060069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize is relevant part of Mexican food and culture. Tlayudas are a regional variant of tortillas from Oaxaca region. Tlayudas (T) containing functional properties of standardized hydroalcoholic extracts of the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum from Mexico were studied [Gl-1: extracts from basidiocarps cultivated on the control substrate; Gl-2: extracts from basidiocarps cultivated on substrate treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 10 mM)]. Antioxidant properties of these tlayudas (T+Gl-1, T+Gl-2) were assessed using an in vivo model (C57BL/6 mice) fed with a high-cholesterol diet (HC). The consumption of T+Gl-1 or T+Gl-2 decreased serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, and glucose. The expression of antioxidant genes increased in mice groups consuming tlayudas plus Gl-1 or Gl-2 extracts, namely SOD1 (37.3-72.7%), SOD2 (28.3-29.6%), CAT (29.3-59.4%), and GPX1 (62.7-66.8%), respectively, compared with the HC group. There was a differential effect of Gl extracts, the mice group consuming tlayudas plus the Gl-2 extract showed further increase of expression of SOD1, CAT, and GPX1 genes, compared with the group administered with tlayudas plus the Gl-1 extract. This effect was associated with a higher content of antioxidant compounds [β-glucans, total polyphenols, antioxidant capacity (ORAC)] in tlayudas containing the Gl-2 extract. We showed that new functional food products of high added value (T+Gl-1, T+Gl-2) can be developed from Mexican traditional foods highly consumed, such as tlayudas, in order to promote healthier diets for preventing cardiovascular and chronic degenerative diseases associated to oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 11","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Aqueous Extract of Turkey Tail Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor (Agaricomycetes).","authors":"Reetu, Anil Kumar, Shwet Kamal, Ved Parkash Sharma","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025057970","DOIUrl":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2025057970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) is one of the most important medicinal mushrooms because it contains a variety of effective bioactive compounds. This study aimed to produce a novel biomaterial to combat microbial infections without any harmful effects. Accordingly, an eco-friendly and non-toxic silver nanoparticle (Ag-NPs) was synthesized using the aqueous extract of T. versicolor. In this study, the qualitative tests of T. versicolor were analyzed and AgNPs was synthesized. The T. versicolor mushroom extract showed positive tests for the bioactive compounds phenols, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. The myco-synthesized AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible light spectroscopy and a strong absorbance peak was found at 423 nanometers. The biosynthetic method developed in this study for producing AgNPs has distinct advantages over chemical methods such as high biosafety, being ecofriendly and non-toxic to the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 5","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet of Things (IoT)-Driven Fermentation System for Enhanced Cordycepin Production in Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes) under Hypoxic Conditions.","authors":"Tsu-Yi Chien, Hui-Chen Lo, Min-Ling Liu, Tai-Hao Hsu, Shih-Chieh Lee, Wen-Kuang Hsu, Jia-Sin Yang, Shun-Fa Yang, Shih-Ching Chao","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024057399","DOIUrl":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024057399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cordycepin, known for its tumor-suppressive and antiviral properties, has garnered attention due to its therapeutic and biological potential. Current Cordyceps militaris - based cordycepin production methods involve time-consuming and cost-intensive solid-state fermentation. Using an internet of things (IoT) architecture, we developed an active air-feed regulation fermentation system (AAFRFS) to detect CO2 emitted during C. militaris submerged fermentation. Equipped with a microcontroller unit and proportional-integral-derivative plus pulse-width modulation technology, the AAFRFS also regulates the air supply, inducing hypoxic stress to enhance cordycepin production. Our system uploads all fermentation data to a cloud database. After 14 d of fermentation (volume 5 L) at 3000 ppm metabolic CO2, cordycepin levels exceeded 1.44 g/L (yield: 103.2 mg/L/d). Hypoxic stress promoted earlier cordycepin production. Utilizing big data with an alert mechanism enabled the early detection of microbial contamination within a 12- to 24-h period. Principal component analysis revealed a positive correlation between temperature and CO2 concentration, suggesting that temperature fluctuations likely affect the respiration rate of C. militaris, thereby altering CO2 levels. Our findings may help optimize fermentation strategies not only for C. militaris but also for other fungal strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 3","pages":"57-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single and Multi-Objective Optimization of the Red Pine Mushroom Lactarius deliciosus (Agaricomycetes) Extraction Conditions Using Artificial Intelligence Methods and Biological Activities of Optimized Extracts.","authors":"Ayşenur Gürgen, Mustafa Sevindik","doi":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024057054","DOIUrl":"10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024057054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the biological activities of Lactarius deliciosus were determined. Experimental studies were carried out using a soxhlet device, in the range of 40-70°C extraction temperature, 3-9 h extraction time and 0.5-2 mg/ ml extraction conditions. A total of 64 different extracts were obtained using four different values of each variable and the total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) values of these extracts were determined. The obtained data were modeled using artificial neural networks (ANN). Both single-objective and multi-objective optimization processes were performed using the best ANN model selected among the established models. Single-objective optimization was performed with genetic algorithm (GA), and multi-objective optimization was performed using the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) algorithm. Extracts obtained from the extraction conditions suggested by the optimization algorithms were used for biological activities. As a result of the analyzes, TAS values of the single-objective optimization extract (1st) and multi-objective optimization extract (2nd) prepared under optimum conditions of the mushroom were determined as 7.468 ± 0.055 and 6.128 ± 0.049 mmol/L, TOS values were 13.161 ± 0.168 and 10.056 ± 0.106 μmol/L and OSI values were 0.176 ± 0.003 and 0.164 ± 0.003, respectively. It was found to be effective against bacterial and fungal strains at concentrations of 50-200 μg/mL. In addition, mushroom extracts were found to have strong cytotoxic effects against A549 cancer cell line. Acetylcholinesterase activity of the 1st and 2nd extracts of the mushroom were determined as 24.80 ± 0.82 and 32.71 ± 0.91 μg/mL, butyrylcholinesterase activity was determined as 51.24 ± 0.80 and 57.10 ± 0.51 μg/mL, respectively. In our study, it was determined that L. deliciosus extracts obtained under optimum conditions had strong biological activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94323,"journal":{"name":"International journal of medicinal mushrooms","volume":"27 2","pages":"59-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}