European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice最新文献

{"title":"Accurate fully automated assessment of left ventricle, left atrium, and left atrial appendage function from computed tomography using deep learning.","authors":"Lee Jollans, Mariana Bustamante, Lilian Henriksson, Anders Persson, Tino Ebbers","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Assessment of cardiac function is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning in cardiovascular disease. Volume of cardiac regions and the derived measures of stroke volume (SV) and ejection fraction (EF) are most accurately calculated from imaging. This study aims to develop a fully automatic deep learning approach for calculation of cardiac function from computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Time-resolved CT data sets from 39 patients were used to train segmentation models for the left side of the heart including the left ventricle (LV), left atrium (LA), and left atrial appendage (LAA). We compared nnU-Net, 3D TransUNet, and UNETR. Dice Similarity Scores (DSS) were similar between nnU-Net (average DSS = 0.91) and 3D TransUNet (DSS = 0.89) while UNETR performed less well (DSS = 0.69). Intra-class correlation analysis showed nnU-Net and 3D TransUNet both accurately estimated LVSV (ICC_nnU-Net = 0.95; ICC_3DTransUNet = 0.94), LVEF (ICC_nnU-Net = 1.00; ICC_3DTransUNet = 1.00), LASV (ICC_nnU-Net = 0.91; ICC_3DTransUNet = 0.80), LAEF (ICC_nnU-Net = 0.95; ICC_3DTransUNet = 0.81), and LAASV (ICC_nnU-Net = 0.79; ICC_3DTransUNet = 0.81). Only nnU-Net significantly predicted LAAEF (ICC_nnU-Net = 0.68). UNETR was not able to accurately estimate cardiac function. Time to convergence during training and time needed for inference were both faster for 3D TransUNet than for nnU-Net.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>nnU-Net outperformed two different vision transformer architectures for the segmentation and calculation of function parameters for the LV, LA, and LAA. Fully automatic calculation of cardiac function parameters from CT using deep learning is fast and reliable.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"2 4","pages":"qyaf011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability of fully automated, inline quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.","authors":"Mohamed Elshibly, Charley Budgeon, Simran Shergill, Rachel England, Kelly Parke, Aida Moafi, Hui Xue, Peter Kellman, Gerry P McCann, Jayanth R Arnold","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Recent developments in the field of myocardial perfusion assessment with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) enable the automated inline quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF). Previous studies have assessed its repeatability in healthy volunteers. This study assessed the repeatability of this technique in patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Patients with suspected CAD were studied twice on separate days. CMR perfusion imaging was performed at rest and during adenosine stress using a dual-sequence T1-weighted saturation recovery gradient echo sequence. Inline automatic reconstruction and image post-processing were implemented within the Gadgetron software framework, calculating MBF using a blood tissue exchange model. Repeatability of global stress and rest MBF, and myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) were evaluated using Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients. Fifty-four patients (mean age 67 ± 9 years, 78% male) were studied. The median interval between the two scans was 2 days (IQR 3). There was no significant interstudy difference in global stress MBF (1.46 ± 0.51 mL/min/g vs. 1.51 ± 0.59mLmin/g, <i>P</i> = 0.44), global rest MBF (0.54 ± 0.14 mL/min/g vs. 0.56 ± 0.16 mL/min/g, <i>P</i> = 0.48), or global MPR (2.72 ± 0.80 vs. 2.84 ± 1.13, <i>P</i> = 0.76) between the two scans. Stress MBF, rest MBF, and MPR showed intraclass correlations of 0.60 (95% CI 0.39-0.75), 0.63 (95% CI 0.36-0.77), and 0.39 (95% CI 0.09-0.62), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with suspected CAD, quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion by fully automated inline myocardial mapping shows moderate repeatability for stress and rest MBF, but poorer repeatability with MPR.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"2 4","pages":"qyaf026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11935528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging small dynamic lesions using positron emission tomography and computed tomography: an ¹⁸F-sodium fluoride valvular phantom study.","authors":"Anna K Barton, Jacek Kwiecinski, Hidenobu Hashimoto, Mark Hyun, Keiichiro Kuronuma, Aditya Killekar, Aakriti Gupta, Nipun Manral, John Moore, Marc R Dweck, David E Newby, Daniel S Berman, Damini Dey, Piotr Slomka","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>¹⁸F-sodium fluoride (¹⁸F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET) detects active microcalcification and predicts adverse outcomes including bioprosthetic valve deterioration. However, measuring small areas of ¹⁸F-NaF uptake within moving structures remains challenging, requiring further optimization. We developed a representative cardiac phantom to optimize ¹⁸F-NaF imaging of bioprosthetic valves.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We placed a bioprosthetic valve with two pockets sutured to the leaflets mimicking valvular lesions and a subvalvular ring mimicking the valve remnant into the phantom and injected each with ¹⁸F-radionuclide (1 μCi pockets, 4 μCi ring). We injected the cardiac chambers with iohexol and ¹⁸F-radionuclide (0.176 mCi) for background activity. PET and computed tomography (CT) images were acquired using a Siemens Biograph Vision high-resolution digital PET/CT scanner. We analysed target-to-background ratio (TBR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and subjective measures of image quality. We compared results with a human case of transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Initially the SNR and TBR in the phantom greatly exceeded those from human imaging. We reduced the scan duration used for reconstruction to 30 and 15 s, achieving comparable results (30 s vs. 15 s vs. patient: SNR 45.6 vs. 13.9 vs. 44.3, TBR_max 6.5 vs. 5.4 vs. 4.1, noise 10.2% vs. 8.8% vs. 12.0%). With motion correction, SNR and image quality improved in the phantom (30 s 135.8 vs. 45.6, 15 s 32.9 vs. 13.9) but remained similar in the human case (47.3 vs. 44.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A cardiac phantom can mimic clinical ¹⁸F-NaF valve bioprosthesis imaging, providing an opportunity to explore acquisition, reconstruction, and post-processing of ¹⁸F-NaF PET/CT for small mobile cardiac structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyaf013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143559838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unanticipated cause of worsening dyspnoea: mitral stenosis induced by cardiac myxoma.","authors":"Deniz Mutlu, Hakan Yalman, Mehmet Semih Belpınar, Anıl Şahin, Zafer Akman, Davide Margonato","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyaf024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracardiac flow dynamics in mitral regurgitation: state of the art.","authors":"Lorenzo Serio, Riccardo Beccari, Stefano Nistri, Antonella Cecchetto, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Donato Mele","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracardiac flow dynamics is a complex phenomenon interrelated with cardiac mechanics. Today, it can be evaluated non-invasively using various imaging modalities, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. This review explores the effects of mitral regurgitation on blood flow dynamics inside the left ventricular and atrial cavities and emphasizes the disruption of normal flow dynamics caused by mitral regurgitation, leading to turbulent flow and increased energy dissipation. It further examines the consequences of mitral valve repair and replacement, noting that, while repair generally improves intracardiac flow dynamics compared with replacement, residual flow disturbances may persist. Finally, the implications of abnormal intracardiac vorticity on left ventricular wall stress, myocardial remodelling, and thromboembolic risk are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyaf022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent locally uncontrolled infection in endocarditis, a fearful complication.","authors":"Axel Abel Rodriguez-Mendez, Hugo Gerardo Rodriguez-Zanella, Ana Maria Coeto-Cano, David Jacobo Sanchez-Amaya, Daniel Manzur-Sandoval","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyae117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjimp/qyae117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyae117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of loading, heart rate, and short episodes of ischaemia on myocardial stiffness assessed using shear wave elastography in an open-chest animal model.","authors":"Eric Saloux, Christophe Simard, Pauline Ruello, Adrien Lemaitre, Amir Hodzic, Alexandre Lebrun, Pierre-Antoine Dupont, Christophe Tribouilloy, Hélène Eltchaninoff, Morgane Le Garec, Christophe Fraschini, Vladimir Saplacan, Alain Manrique","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a new promising ultrasound modality that enables non-invasive measurement of the dynamic myocardial stiffness. The impact of varying physiological conditions on SWE measurement of left ventricular (LV) myocardial stiffness remains poorly investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Nineteen sheep were evaluated during open-chest surgery. Epicardial multiframe SWE acquisitions were performed in short-axis view simultaneously with haemodynamic acquisitions during inferior vena cava occlusion, aortic clamping, atrial pacing, and ischaemia-reperfusion. The cyclic variation in the median value of LV myocardial stiffness ranged from 1.1 m/s in diastole (C_min) to 2.4 m/s in systole (C_max). At steady state, intra-animal reproducibility was good for C_min [intraclass correlation coefficient ICC = 0.77 (0.54, 0.90), <i>P</i> < 0.001] and C_max [ICC = 0.92 (0.84, 0.96), <i>P</i> < 0.001]. C_min was independent of loading conditions, heart rate, and short 15-minute episodes of ischaemia and reperfusion. C_max was independent of loading conditions and moderate increase in heart rate but decreased significantly during ischaemia and reperfusion. Compared with baseline, percentage changes in C_max was correlated to percentage changes in dP/dt_max (<i>R</i> = 0.47, <i>P</i> = 0.001) and in LV systolic pressure (<i>R</i> = 0.35, <i>P</i> = 0.013) and SW (<i>R</i> = 0.31, <i>P</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, LV diastolic myocardial stiffness C_min assessed using SWE demonstrated the characteristics of a potentially useful clinical marker of LV diastolic function linked to the intrinsic elastic properties of the myocardium, whereas C_max was an indicator of LV contractility.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyaf015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac imaging highlights from European Society of Cardiology 2024: the future is within our grasp!","authors":"Stefano Figliozzi, Erika Hutt, Alessia Gimelli, Wael A Jaber","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The European Society of Cardiology has held its annual Congress in London, UK, from 30 August to 2 September 2024. With a total of 31 800 participants, 5400 faculty and presenters, and many National Cardiac Societies and industry partners, the Congress has taken an enormous step forward to present and discuss the latest advances in cardiovascular medicine. The sizable intercontinental reach was proved by the fact that 5 of the 10 top countries, in terms of submission of abstracts, were from outside Europe: China, the USA, Japan, Korea, and Australia. This brought a great impetus for international collaboration and exchange of views, learning from different perspectives. Specifically, the field of cardiovascular imaging has been in the spotlight, remarking its growing, central, and transversal role in modern cardiovascular medicine. In this communication, we offer a summary of some notable advances in research, either in terms of novelty or clinical applicability, within the realm of four imaging modalities: echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, computed tomography, and nuclear imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyaf009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of bicuspid valve morphology on the selection of transcatheter aortic valve implantation devices: an <i>in silico</i> study.","authors":"Benedetta Grossi, Giulia Luraghi, Sara Barati, Chiara Forte, Luca Gerosa, Ottavia Cozzi, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Gianluigi Condorelli, Francesco Migliavacca, Giulio Stefanini","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) represents a challenge for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Few data are reported about the procedural implications of BAV using different self-expandable devices. The aim of this study is to investigate how BAV and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) morphologies influence device selection and their impact on the potential development of post-operative conduction disturbances, using a novel <i>in silico</i> approach.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Five patients with BAV undergoing TAVI were enrolled. TAVs were virtually modelled within each BAV patient-specific anatomy, resulting in 10 virtual patients. Acurate Neo2 and Evolut R implantations were subsequently simulated across all cases. Post-implantation stresses exerted on both the stent and aortic root were measured, allowing a comparative analysis of the impact of the two valve morphologies. Comparing stent stresses between BAV and TAV configurations, the stress gap increased by 21.96 ± 5.35% (<i>P</i> = 0.01) in Acurate Neo2 cases (<i>n</i> = 6) compared with Evolut R cases (<i>n</i> = 4). The analysis of aortic root stresses showed no significant differences between BAV (<i>n</i> = 5) and TAV (<i>n</i> = 5) configurations, with a mean stress difference of 5.1 ± 8.17% (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our patient-specific model shows that high radial force devices, such as Evolut R, demonstrate consistent expansion regardless of valve morphology, without increasing the risk of post-implantation conduction disturbances, hence resulting more suitable for BAV cases. Incorporating this methodology into pre-operative planning could support clinicians in selecting the most suitable device with a patient-specific approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyaf018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental post-percutaneous coronary intervention physiological gradients using ultrasonic or optical flow ratio: insights from ASET JAPAN study.","authors":"Pruthvi C Revaiah, Kotaro Miyashita, Tsung-Ying Tsai, Retesh Bajaj, Nozomi Kotoku, Akihiro Tobe, Takashi Muramatsu, Kengo Tanabe, Ken Kozuma, Yukio Ozaki, Scot Garg, Shengxian Tu, Jouke Dijkstra, Christos V Bourantas, Yoshinobu Onuma, Patrick W Serruys","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyaf017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Segmental pressure gradients post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can detect residual disease and optimization targets. Ultrasonic flow ratio (UFR) or optical flow ratio (OFR) offer simultaneous physiological and morphological assessment using a single imaging catheter. This study evaluated the utility of UFR and OFR in identifying residual disease post-PCI.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The study include patients from the Acetyl Salicylic Elimination Trial JAPAN Pilot study with complete intravascular imaging pullback data, where UFR or OFR was obtained post-PCI. Anatomical focal lesions distal and proximal to the stent were analysed in segments ≥5 mm long. UFR or OFR virtual pullback curves assessed intra-stent pressure gradients, defining physiological focal or diffuse by segmental pressure drops ≥0.05 over lengths <10 or ≥10 mm, respectively. The median post-PCI UFR/OFR was 0.93 (0.88-0.96) with 35.4% (69/195) vessels having a UFR/OFR < 0.91. There were significantly more focal lesions, both anatomical and physiological, proximal and distal to the stent in vessels with UFR/OFR < 0.91 compared with those ≥0.91. Agreement between anatomical and physiological focal lesions was moderate proximally (kappa = 0.553, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and fair distally (kappa = 0.219, <i>P</i> = 0.002). The in-stent gradient poorly predicted significant stent under-expansion. However, the virtual fractional flow reserve gradient performed well in detecting proximal or distal focal disease (area under the curve = 0.835 and 0.877, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UFR/OFR effectively identifies sub-optimal vessel physiology post-PCI and locates precise anatomical issues, validated by intravascular imaging.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The ASET JAPAN ClinicalTrials.gov reference: NCT05117866.</p>","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"3 1","pages":"qyaf017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}