Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets最新文献

{"title":"Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation Against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Model.","authors":"Ayman Saeed Alhazmi","doi":"10.2174/0118715303341809241022110317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303341809241022110317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality on a global scale, with a higher prevalence observed among men. This study investigated the protective effect of vitamin D supplementation on CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of thirty mice was divided into three groups: control, T1 diabetic, and T1 diabetic groups that received vitamin D treatment. For each mouse in the three groups, measurements were taken of body weight, blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, cardiac enzymes, troponin I, adropin, nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1, and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In addition, measurements were taken for the overall lymphocyte count, as well as the CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+, CD25+, and CD8+ CD25+ cell counts in all mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diabetic mice that received vitamin D treatment exhibited significant reductions in blood glucose levels, HbA1c levels, lipid profile, cardiac enzymes, troponin I, endothelin-1, and VEGF levels as compared to the untreated diabetic group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was an observed rise in adropin and NO levels in diabetic mice that received vitamin D treatment compared to the untreated diabetic group (p < 0.05). The diabetic mice treated with vitamin D exhibited a substantial decrease in total lymphocyte counts compared to the untreated diabetic and control animals (p < 0.0001). Regarding the CD3+ subset, it was shown that diabetic mice subjected to vitamin D treatment had notably elevated levels of these cells compared to both the untreated diabetic and control groups (p < 0.0001). In addition, the administration of vitamin D resulted in a substantial decrease in the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the group of individuals with diabetes (p < 0.0001). The diabetes group that received vitamin D treatment had significantly reduced populations of CD4+ CD25+ and CD8+ CD25+ compared to the untreated diabetic group (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D maintains the integrity of the cardiovascular system through the reduction of blood glucose levels and lipid profile. Moreover, its supplementation prevents atherosclerotic CVD by suppressing inflammatory reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Pituitary Gland and Stem Cell in the Aspect of Hormone Production and Disease Prevention: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Amit Sharma, Rohit Kumar, Arti Saini, Wandeep Dagar, Kanishka Kapoor, Karan Goel, Isha Chawla, Meenakshi Dhanawat","doi":"10.2174/0118715303314551241031093717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303314551241031093717","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;In the last two decades, scientists have gained a better understanding of several aspects of pituitary development. The signaling pathways that govern pituitary morphology and development have been identified, and the compensatory relationships among them are now known.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims: &lt;/strong&gt;This paper aims to emphasize the wide variety of relationships between Pituitary Gland and Stem cells in hormone Production and disease prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on many case reports and several types of research, a wide variety of relationships between the Pituitary Gland and Stem cells in the aspect of hormone Production and disease prevention are reviewed in this literature. In this paper, we focus on various roles and functions of the pituitary gland, the responsibilities of stem cells as a mode of hormone production, and disease prevention.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Within this period, more was discovered concerning the contributions made to the transcription factors within the pituitary development, with factors such as Prop1, Pitx1, and Sox2 being defined as important in the development and action of hormone-secreting cells. They are also required in the appropriate specification of the cell types in the pituitary gland and the persistence of the progenitors. Manipulation of these factors causes developmental defects as well as tumors, thus the necessity of knowing the precise function and interaction of these factors. A closer look at these transcription factors could help expand treatment options for structural defect development or give rise to pituitary adenomas. It has been established that signaling pathways such as Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), Wnt, and Notch play a part in modulating pituitary development. These pathways are involved in regulating important processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and organization of the pituitary gland tissues. Breaching any of these pathways has been correlated with the development of various pituitary-related conditions including adenomas and congenital hypopituitarism. Moving forward, further studies of these pathways and their associations with stem cells could provide a better understanding of disease processes and approaches to manage them. This way, there is a possibility of developing new approaches aimed at treating the cause of the dysfunction of the pituitary gland by modulating its specific signaling activities. Promising directions for the stimulation of hormone synthesis and restoration of normal pituitary function upon its disorders via tissue regrowth could be found in stem cell application. The fact that one can generate functional pituitary cells from iPSCs for instance provides new avenues both for the understanding of pituitary disease mechanisms as well as for personalized medicine. It is possible to utilize these stem cell- derived cells for modeling disease, drug discovery or even transplantation to restore","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential of Natural Products in Metabolic Disease Management: A Thorough Exploration of the Case of Uganda.","authors":"Allan Amooti Ahikiriza, Sarad Pawar Naik Bukke, Tadele Mekuriya Yadesa, Buyinza Nicholas, Kasolo Daniel, Kabali Moses, Sewalu Mathias Bonny Ddumba, Pranav Kumar Prabhakar","doi":"10.2174/0118715303320109241014064209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303320109241014064209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As Ugandans grapple with an increase in metabolic diseases, researchers are turning to their rich tradition of natural remedies. This review explores promising plants, such as Moringa oleifera, bridging the gap between the wisdom of Ugandan healers and modern science. Although these plants show potential, challenges remain. Many lack rigorous testing, standardized extracts, and long-term safety data. To unlock their true potential, a multipronged approach is needed. First, well-designed clinical trials are crucial to bringing together traditional healers and modern researchers. Imagine a Ugandan pharmacist precisely measuring a Moringa oleifera extract - this standardization ensures consistent results for future patients. Second, researchers need to delve deeper into how these plants influence the body. Finally, long-term safety studies are essential, especially when combined with medications. By following these steps, researchers can unleash the true power of Ugandan natural products. This empowers Ugandans to take control of their health. Future exploration of lesser-known plants and culturally sensitive education programs can further equip Ugandans on their way to well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Chronic Hepatitis B and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases with New-Onset Metabolic Syndrome in Military Personnel before Midlife: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Kun-Zhe Tsai, Pang-Yen Liu, Yen-Chen Lin, Chen-Ming Huang, Hui-Shang Wang, Gen-Min Lin","doi":"10.2174/0118715303323078241022050619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303323078241022050619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic inflammation, e.g., Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD) and the severe form of steatohepatitis (NASH), has been associated with a higher risk of MetS in the general population.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the associations of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and fatty liver diseases with the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults, which have not been verified before.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The associations between NAFLD, NASH, and CHB and the incidence of new-onset MetS remain inconclusive in young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study included 2,614 military personnel aged 18-39 years who were free of baseline MetS in 2014 and were followed for the incidence of MetS in each annual health examination until the end of 2020. CHB was defined by the presence of the hepatitis B surface antigen with an established diagnosis history. NAFLD and NASH were defined by the ultrasound finding with an elevated alanine transaminase (27-53.9 and ≥54 U/L in men and 15-29.9 and ≥30 U/L in women, respectively). MetS was defined based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to determine the associations between hepatitis and incident MetS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up of 6.0 years, 582 new-onset MetS cases occurred (22.3%). NAFLD and NASH were associated with a greater risk of new-onset MetS (hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals: 1.47 (1.21-1.79) and 1.66 (1.16-2.39), respectively), while no association for CHB was found (HR: 1.31 (0.88-1.96)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found that NAFLD and NASH, while not CHB, were independent risk factors of new-onset MetS with adjustments for potential covariates, e.g., physical activity and fitness in young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Findings and Effects of Caffeine on Experimental Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Duygu Yüksel, Ozlem Ozmen","doi":"10.2174/0118715303315657240819114052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303315657240819114052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid hormone deficiencies can disrupt organ functions, significantly impacting the cardiovascular system. Recently, the effects of thyroid hormones on the heart have garnered increased attention. However, most studies are conducted on humans using clinical data, while cellular-level and experimental studies remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular implications of hypothyroidism and evaluate the impact of caffeine on cardiac health in rats induced with hypothyroidism using propylthiouracil (PTU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 60 rats divided into six groups. Group 1 served as the untreated control. Group 2 received PTU for two months to induce hypothyroidism. Group 3 received PTU for one month, followed by caffeine for one month. Group 4 received caffeine for two months. Group 5 received both PTU and caffeine simultaneously for two months. Group 6 received PTU for one month, followed by one month under normal conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During necropsy, normal thyroid glands were observed in Groups 1, 4, and 6, enlarged thyroids in Group 2, and smaller thyroids in Groups 3 and 5. Microscopic examination revealed varying thyroid histologies: Group 2 showed significant epithelial cell proliferation and absent colloid, while Groups 3, 5, and 6 had altered yet colloid-containing acini. Macroscopic inspection of hearts appeared normal across all groups. However, histopathological examination revealed significant hyperemia and microhemorrhages in Group 2, contrasting with normal findings in other groups. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated reduced cardiac troponin expression in Group 2, while other groups maintained prominent expression. Additionally, Group 2 displayed increased serum TSH levels and decreased T3 and T4 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that administering caffeine alongside or after PTU treatment in rats with experimentally induced hypothyroidism may ameliorate thyroid and cardiac irregularities. This study indicates caffeine's potential in mitigating the adverse effects of hypothyroidism on thyroid and heart health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Type 2 Diabetes Susceptible Gene GCKR Polymorphisms Rs780094 and Rs1260326 to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yuke Zhang, Kuangyi Wang, Chenxi Ji, Yansi Lin, Zitong Liu, Jing Chen, Feifei Zheng, Xiaoqin Yang, Yi Sun","doi":"10.2174/0118715303313654241101042033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303313654241101042033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is still no conclusive understanding of whether the glucokinase regulator (GCKR) gene rs780094 and rs1260326 polymorphisms predispose to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect of the GCKR polymorphisms on GDM susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven literature databases were searched (from inception to February 17, 2024) to locate relevant studies included in further meta-analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in the pooled population were estimated to assess the effects of the variant allele on GDM risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the rs780094 polymorphism, 13 datasets with 3443 GDM cases and 5930 nondiabetic controls were included. The pooled estimates in the allele model (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07~1.32), homozygote model (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.10~1.47), dominant model (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03~1.31), and recessive model (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09~1.57) suggested that the C allele carriers were prone to GDM. For the rs1260326 polymorphism, five datasets with 1495 cases and 2678 controls were integrated. The statistically significant effect of the C allele was evident in the allele model (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01~1.24) and the homozygote model (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03~1.54).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis suggested that the C allele of the rs780094 and rs1260326 polymorphisms in the GCKR gene are significantly associated with increased risk of GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Hepatic Transaminases and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome Before Midlife in Military Adults: A CHIEF Cohort Study.","authors":"Fang-Chen Liu, Kai-Wen Chen, Kun-Zhe Tsai, Chen-Chih Chu, Yen-Chen Lin, Yun-Chen Chang, Gen-Min Lin","doi":"10.2174/0118715303326392241022050205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303326392241022050205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plasma AST and ALT may reflect the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) severity and have been associated with the risk of MetS in middle- or old-aged individuals.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to examine the associations of plasma hepatic aspartate and alanine transaminases (AST and ALT) levels with incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults, which have not been verified before.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to identify the association between plasma hepatic transaminases and the incidence of new-onset MetS among young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>There were 2,804 military men and women, with ages of 18-39 years, free of baseline MetS and any viral hepatitis in Taiwan in 2014. Incident MetS were followed in the annual military health examinations from baseline till the end of 2020. The definition of MetS was made using the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Plasma concentrations of AST and ALT were checked at baseline. A Multivariable Cox regression model with adjustments for sex, age, each component of MetS, body mass index, substance use status, and physical activity at baseline was performed to determine the associations. Subgroup analyses were performed according to sex and each MetS component.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 5.8 years, 644 incident MetS (23.0%) developed. ALT and AST levels (each 10 U/L increase) were respectively associated with 5% and 11% increased risk of incidence of MetS (hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.05 (1.01-1.09) and 1.11 (1.04-1.19), respectively). In subgroup analyses, the risk of incidence of MetS with ALT and AST levels respectively increased 75% and 114% in women (HRs: 1.75 (1.07-2.87) and 2.14 (1.35-3.41), respectively), and 7% and 14% in those free of central obesity (HRs: 1.07 (1.02-1.11) and 1.14 (1.06-1.23), respectively) which were higher than their counterparts (p-values for interaction by sex: 0.06 and 0.001, respectively; and by central obesity: 0.04 and 0.07, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Plasma hepatic transaminase levels were positively associated with incident MetS among young adults. The individual role of central obesity and sex on the association of ALT and AST with incident MetS should be further clarified.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lingguizhugan Decoction in the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yifan Lu, Lijuan Nie, Xinyi Yang, Ziming Zhao, Yuxiao Wang, Qibiao Wu, Xiqiao Zhou","doi":"10.2174/0118715303323071241022053842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303323071241022053842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Registered under CRD42024501460 on the PROSPERO platform, we searched eight major databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Chinese Biomedicine Database, from inception to December 2023 for randomized controlled trials on Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treatment. We extracted data on total efficiency, TC, TG, ALT, AST, GGT, and HOMA-IR, analyzing results with RevMan 5.4 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 970 cases. Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction, alone or combined with standard therapy, significantly improved non-alcoholic fatty liver disease outcomes, regardless of treatment duration. Only one study reported adverse events, including bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and rash.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ling Gui Zhu Gan Decoction appears to be an effective and safe option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treatment. However, due to limited studies and methodological weakness, further rigorous randomized controlled trials are necessary for conclusive results.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network Pharmacology Unveils Multi-Systemic Intervention of Panax notoginseng in Osteoporosis via Key Genes and Signaling Pathways.","authors":"Qiyue Wang, Xiaoping Wang, Kezhou Wu, Weiwei Wu, Zhantu Wei, Weili Feng","doi":"10.2174/0118715303335018241107084224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303335018241107084224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen (PN) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been applied to prevent and treat osteoporosis. The mechanism of PN for osteoporosis remained a mystery.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to reveal the therapeutic effect and illuminate the possible mechanism of PN for osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform was searched to screen the potent ingredients of the PN and to analyze the potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis. We excavated four disease databases to collect osteoporosis-related genes. After integrating the gene expression profile of osteoporosis and the chemical-protein data of PN, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed to demonstrate the interactions among the gene products. GO function, KEGG pathway, and docking analyses were executed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology obtained 31 active ingredients and 134 targets for the treatment of osteoporosis. The key components were beta-elemene, quercetin, methyl palmitate, oleic acid, and hexanal. The results of GO and KEGG analyses showed that Panax notoginseng was beneficial for osteoporosis by influencing the main pathways including AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and Wnt signaling pathway, modulating inflammation, metabolism, cell proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. Panax notoginseng intervened in osteoporosis through multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study illustrates the mechanism of Panax notoginseng for osteoporosis, providing broader insights for novel research and developments of the Panax species for osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare of Gaucher's Disease Complication of Splenic Multiple Gaucheroma.","authors":"Nursima Çukadar, İrem Erdoğan Veziroğlu, Canan Sehit Kara, Okkes Ibrahim Karahan, Tutkun Talih, Fahri Bayram","doi":"10.2174/0118715303325860241023063241","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715303325860241023063241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gaucheromas, pseudotumors composed of Gaucher cells, are rare complications of Gaucher's Disease (GD). They are usually seen in patients receiving enzyme replacement. Surgery is generally not recommended for these benign masses in treatment management. Most patients treated with Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) show organ enlargement and improvement in laboratory values. In our case, no change in the size of the lesions was observed despite 4 years of standard dose ERT.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 27-year-old female, not having a known chronic disease and occasionally consulting doctors due to bone pain, weakness, and fatigue, visited the emergency department with the complaint of a nosebleed four years ago. The patient was found to have hepatosplenomegaly in physical examination and was referred to the hematology clinic because of pancytopenia. According to the physical examination and laboratory results, the desired leukocyte glucocerebrosidase level was 0.4 micromol/lt/hour (normal range > 2.5). Homozygous mutations of p.L483P and L483P were observed in genetic tests. Based on these results, the patient was diagnosed with GD. Although the patient received regular weekly treatment for 4 years, no significant change was observed in the spleen size. The patient was admitted to the hospital in April 2022 with complaints of abdominal fullness and indigestion. Her quality of life was deteriorating due to massive splenomegaly. A splenectomy was performed on the patient. In our case, splenic gaucheroma, a rare complication of Gaucher's disease, was found to be present.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These masses, which are a rare complication of GD, have started to be better recognized by radiologists and clinicians thanks to the case series shared, and it is clear that there is a need for standardization and further research in this field. With an increase in the number of cases and experiences in this field, there will inevitably be different and new developments in follow-up and treatment approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}