Advanced biomedical research最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Endometriosis on Reproductive Outcomes in ART Cycles.","authors":"Motahare Ebrahimpoor, Razieh Dehghani Firouzabadi, Atiyeh Javaheri, Farimah Shamsi, Saeideh Dashti","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_436_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abr.abr_436_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometriosis is defined as the existence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. This disease is responsible for about 15% of the indications for assisted reproductive technologies (ART).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study on 1382 women aged 18-42 who underwent ART in Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute during 2018-2022. Women were divided into two groups: women with endometriosis (N = 173) and women with a tubal factor or unexplained infertility as the control group <i>(N</i> = <i>1209).</i> Chemical and clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women with endometriosis had significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.001) lower retrieved oocytes (7.73 ± 5.52 vs 11.53 ± 7.46), metaphase II oocytes (6.27 ± 4.72 vs 9.37 ± 6.62), and the total number of obtained embryos (3.95 ± 3.52 vs 6.13 ± 5.02). Chemical (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and clinical (<i>P</i> = 0.028) pregnancy rates were lower in women with endometriosis, while live birth rates showed no difference between the two groups (<i>P</i> = 0.069).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study showed that endometriosis can disturb reproductive outcomes after ART.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Micro-Vessel Density in Verrucous Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity.","authors":"Hamideh Kadeh, Ghazal Derakhshanfar, Omolbanin Rezaei Mehr","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_467_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_467_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a crucial cellular component of human tumors, but their exact roles in tumor growth and angiogenesis during cancer progression are still subject to debate. The present study aimed to explore the impact of TAMs on tumor progression and angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For this cross-sectional study, 60 samples consisting of 40 OSCC and 20 OVC samples were chosen. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the samples using anti-CD68 and anti-CD31 monoclonal antibodies to evaluate the frequency of TAMs and micro-vessel density (MVD), respectively. The data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS (v. 23) and through the independent samples Student <i>t</i>-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of our study revealed that the mean number of TAMs and MVD were significantly greater in OSCC samples compared to OVC samples (<i>P</i> = 0.001) (<i>P</i> = 0.004). Also, the average number of TAMs and MVD increased in the high grade of OSCC; however, the correlation between both parameters and histopathological grades of OSCC was significant only for MVD. Our study found no significant correlation between TAMs and MVD (<i>P</i> = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of our study, both TAMs and MVD were found to be significantly higher in OSCC samples compared to OVC samples. These findings suggest that the progression of oral cancer is associated with an increase in TAMs and vascular density. Additionally, the use of CD68 and CD31 markers may help in differentiating between these two types of tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Therapeutic Effect of Shirvan Herbal Ointment on Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Compared with Glucantime.","authors":"Maryam Aghaei, Shahrzad Aghaei, Ali Ghelichzadeh, Nazli Ansari, Mahdi Fakhar, Sayed Mohsen Hosseini, Zabihollah Shahmoradi, Seyed Hossein Hejazi","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_243_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_243_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) infection is caused by the <i>Leishmania major (L. major)</i> parasite and affects 1.5 to 2 million people worldwide each year. Although research into vaccines and antiparasitic drugs has been somewhat successful, their adverse effects include high toxicity, prolonged regeneration, and scarring. This has highlighted the importance of research to replace natural products with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, such as vegetable extracts and oils. Since, the anti-leishmaniasis effect of each of the components of Shirvan herbal ointment (aloe vera, Brazembel, <i>Nigella sativa</i>, propolis, lavender, and olive oil) has been separately studied and confirmed, it seems that the combination of these components can have an increasing anti-<i>leishmanial</i> effect to treat CL. Therefore, this study investigated the therapeutic impact of Shirvan herbal ointment on Iranian patients with leishmaniasis in comparison with glucantime (meglumine).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty patients with leishmaniasis were divided into the control and test groups. The control and test groups received intralesional glucantime and Shirvan herbal cream (two times daily), respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The size mean of the lesion was 51.5 ± 32.5 before and 11.11 ± 16.28 after treatment in the control group and 50.8 ± 31.2 before and 0.0 ± 0.0 after treatment in the test group. In addition, the period mean of treatment was 43.9 ± 14.4 days and 30.5 ± 7.4 days in the control and test groups, respectively. There was a significant difference in lesion size between the two groups after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data suggested that Shirvan herbal ointment can be an alternative drug in the treatment of human CL.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloning and Optimization of Intracellular Expression of Human Interferon β-1a in <i>Pichia pastoris</i> GS115.","authors":"Diba Saeidi, Sara Saeidi, Fatemeh Moazen, Vajihe Akbari","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_376_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_376_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interferon-beta (IFN-β) is a cytokine with a wide range of biological and pharmaceutical applications, including multiple sclerosis (MS), cancer, some autoimmune disorders, and viral infectious diseases. Thus, many studies have been performed to develop novel strategies for the high-yield production of functional IFN-β in a cost-effective approach. Here, we aimed to improve the intracellular expression of IFN-β-1a in <i>Pichia pastoris</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The gene of IFN-β-1a was successfully sub-cloned into the pPICZA vector. The recombinant vector was transfected to <i>P. pastoris</i> GS115 cells by electroporation. After screening positive <i>P. pastoris</i> transformants, the expression of IFN-β-1a was evaluated and the cultivation conditions, including temperature, time of incubation, and methanol concentration, were optimized. The protein expression levels were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The double digestion with <i>Eco</i>RI and <i>Xho</i>I restriction enzymes and sequence analysis confirmed the correct sub-cloning of the IFN-β-1a gene into pPICZA. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the highest level of IFN-β-1a (25 mg per 1 L of yeast culture) was produced with 2% methanol at 28°C after 72 h incubation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optimization of cultivation conditions for intracellular expression of IFN-β-1a was successfully performed. This approach can be generally applied to improve the production yield and quality of other recombinant proteins in <i>P. pastoris</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Effects of Curcumin in Free and Phytosomal Forms on the Expression of T Helper1 and Regulatory T Cells' Transcription Factors in Collagen-Induced Arthritis.","authors":"Reza Nosratabadi, Mahdi Ranjkesh, Mohammad Safari, Mahnaz Ramezani, Nahid Zainodini, Merat Mahmoodi","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_291_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_291_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Curcumin as a polyphenolic compound has a potential capacity to reduce autoimmune reactions by skewing the balance of Thelper1 (Th1)/regulatory T cells (Treg) toward Treg cells. However, the low absorption and bioavailability of this agent have prompted researchers to use various drug delivery systems such as phytosomes to reduce these drawbacks. To date, few studies have evaluated the effects of phytosomal curcumin (nano-curcumin) on immune responses. Hence, we compared the modulatory effects of curcumin in free and phytosomal form on the expression of Th1 and Treg transcription factors, T-bet (T-box-containing protein) and Foxp3 (forkhead box p3), respectively, in a collagen-induced arthritis model (CIA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Following the induction of CIA, splenocytes were isolated and re-stimulated with collagen in the absence or presence of two different doses of curcumin in free and phytosomal form. Then, expression of T-bet and Foxp3 was assessed by real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of T-bet was reduced in curcumin and phytosomal curcumin groups rather than in the untreated group. The level of T-bet was not significantly different between free and phytosomal groups. Moreover, mRNA expression of Foxp3 enhanced after treatment with curcumin, while phytosomal curcumin groups showed no difference in comparison with the untreated group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>curcumin in nano/free form showed a modulatory effect on the expression of T-bet. However, only free-form enhanced Foxp3 expression, which could be owing to the low amount of curcumin in the phytosomal complex rather than free-form at the same dose or due to leakage of curcumin from the complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic Cyproheptadine to Control Paroxysmal Hemicrania Attacks: A Preliminary Investigation.","authors":"Jafar Nasiri, Mohammad R Zolfaghari, Omid Yaghini, Mohammad R G Khorasgani, Neda H Moshkenani","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_533_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_533_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) is a severe short-lasting headache usually localized around the eye. It might occur in conjunction with ipsilateral autonomic manifestations of trigeminal nerve stimulation. PH responds well to indomethacin treatment; however, considering the adverse effects of indomethacin, its long-term use is a matter of question and investigations about other prophylactic medications are going on, but they are inconclusive. The current study aims to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic use of cyproheptadine to control PH symptoms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The current clinical trial was conducted on 20 children diagnosed with PH undergoing prophylactic treatment with cyproheptadine syrup at a dosage of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg twice daily for a period of 3 months. The duration, frequency, and severity of headaches were assessed at baseline and then monthly for 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly shorter duration, less frequency, and less severity of headaches were observed in the postintervention assessments of the patients (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The effect size analysis showed that the greatest effect of the treatment was on the intensity of the headache (effect size: 0.866) and the least effect was on duration of the headache (effect size: 0.775). Drowsiness (5%) and increased appetite (30%) were the only adverse effects of treatment with cyproheptadine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings of this study showed that short-term prophylactic cyproheptadine in divided doses of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg could appropriately improve PH in terms of frequency, duration, and the intensity of the attacks. Nevertheless, further investigations are strongly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Beverage Consumption with Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors and Alanine Transaminase Levels in Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN-V Study.","authors":"Majid Khademian, Ali Shahsavari, Mostafa Qorbani, Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh, Ramin Heshmat, Elaheh Shams Khozani, Mohammad Amin Najafi, Marjan Mansourian, Roya Kelishadi","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_130_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_130_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the association of beverage consumption with cardiometabolic risk factors and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This nationwide study is a part of the fifth survey of a national surveillance program in Iran. Overall, 4200 students, aged 7-18 years, were selected from 30 provinces by multi-stage cluster sampling. In addition to filling in questionnaires, blood sampling and biochemical tests were done. The weekly use of six different beverage types including milk, juice, tea, coffee, soda, and non-alcoholic beer, was documented by interview.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participation rate was 91.5% (n = 3843), and data of 3733 students were complete for the current study. Beverages containing high levels of sugar such as soda and non-alcoholic beer were significantly associated with higher levels of ALT. Model coefficient of regression (SD) was 0.66 (0.31) (<i>P</i> value: 0.034). Healthy beverages such as milk and fresh juice and also beverages containing high levels of caffeine did not have significant association with ALT levels (<i>P</i> value = 0.32, <i>P</i> value = 0.60). Healthy beverages had a significant and inverse relationship with triglycerides (TG) (<i>P</i> value = 0.029), total cholesterol (TC) (<i>P</i> value = 0.008) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (<i>P</i> value = 0.008) levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that consuming sugar-sweetened beverages is significantly associated with higher levels of ALT, whereas healthy beverages are associated with a better cardiometabolic profile meaning that consuming healthy beverages leads to lower TG, TC, and LDL levels. The effects of beverages on children's health should be emphasized in health recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Combination of Compound Heterozygous Mutations in the <i>PAH</i> Gene in Three Unrelated Consanguineous Iranian Families with Classical Phenylketonuria.","authors":"Arian Rahimzadeh, Teymoor Khosravi, Farzaneh Motallebi, Zainab M Al Sudani, Fatemeh Vaghefi, Ali Kowsari, Morteza Oladnabi","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_471_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_471_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The <i>PAH</i> gene mutations have been linked to the development of phenylketonuria (PKU), which is recognized as the most common inborn metabolic disorder, and is caused by a deficiency in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (<i>PAH</i>) enzyme. The Iranian population, known for its diversity and high consanguinity, offers a valuable sample for studying autosomal recessive disorders. Our study investigated three unrelated families with PKU from Iran, utilizing clinical, laboratory, and computational approaches.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We performed direct PCR sequencing for 13 exons of the <i>PAH</i> gene on three Iranian patients who were diagnosed with PKU. Then, Sanger sequencing confirmed the segregation of the mutations from parents to probands. Pathogenicity predictor tools, including ACMG, CADD, SIFT, Polyphen-2, and Mutation Taster, were utilized to analyze the identified genetic variants. The three-dimensional structure of the mutant forms of the protein was predicted. We also analyzed the protein-protein interactions of <i>PAH</i> using the STRING database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three patients exhibited rare compound heterozygosity rearrangements in the <i>PAH</i> gene (NM_000277.3). These included three missense variants: [c.533A>G/c.1222C>T], [c.526C>T/c.1222C>T], and [c.533A> / c.526C>T].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study adds to the body of evidence establishing the association between <i>PAH</i> mutations and the development of PKU. We speculated that the conjunction of a high consanguinity rate in populations such as Iran, coupled with the founder effect, can give rise to atypical genetic profiles, as observed in the rearrangement of compound heterozygosity in this study Moreover, our research underscores the significance of genetic testing in the precise diagnosis of individuals affected by inborn errors of metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142485006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles Functionalized with Glutamine and Conjugated with Thiosemicarbazide on Triggering of Apoptosis in the Adenocarcinoma Gastric Cell Line.","authors":"Sadaf Beigi, Ali Salehzadeh, Hadi Habibollahi, Seyed Ataollah Sadat Shandiz, Fariba Safa","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_412_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_412_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric carcinoma is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide. Conjugation of metal nanoparticles with thiosemicarbazones has shown considerable anti-cancer potential.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized, functionalized by glutamine, and conjugated with thiosemicarbazide (ZnO@Gln-TSC). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray, DLS, and zeta potential were used to characterize the NPs. The toxicity of ZnO NPs, TSC, ZnO@Gln-TSC NPs, and oxaliplatin in AGS cells and ZnO NPs and ZnO@Gln-TSC NPs in HEK293 cells was investigated by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry, caspase-3 activity, and Hoechst staining assays. The intra-cellular reactive oxygen species level and expression level of the <i>CASP3</i> gene in AGS cells treated with ZnO@Gln-TSC NPs were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NPs were in the size range of 20 to 70 nm. The DLS and zeta potential were 374 nm and -31.7 mV, respectively. In MTT, the IC₅₀ of ZnO, TSC, oxaliplatin, and ZnO@Gln-TSC NPs for AGS cells were 130, 80.5, 67.7, and 9.8 μg/mL, respectively, and the IC₅₀ of ZnO and ZnO@Gln-TSC NPs for HEK293 cells were 215 and 150.5 μg/mL, respectively. Flow cytometry showed higher apoptosis in the cell treated with the NPs and TSC. Apoptotic features, including cell shrinkage, were recognized. A significant increase of 5.9 folds in the level of ROS was noticed. The activity of caspase-3 and the expression level of the <i>CASP3</i> gene were increased by1.83 and 1.6 folds after exposure to ZnO@Gln-TSC NPs, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed the anti-cancer potential of ZnO@Gln-TSC NPs to be used for gastric cancer treatment after further <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interaction of Zinc as an Essential Trace Element with <i>Leishmania</i> Parasites: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Maryam Aghaei, Shahrzad Aghaei, Mahbobeh Kouhiyan, Zabihollah Shahmoradi, Seyed H Hejazi","doi":"10.4103/abr.abr_187_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/abr.abr_187_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The trace element of zinc (Zn) has shown great effectiveness in control of leishmaniasis infection. Hence, the present study conducted a systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating the zinc effect in the treatment or prevention of leishmaniasis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was performed of all articles published in PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases (1997-2023). The search terms were \"zinc\" OR \"cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL)\" OR \"visceral leishmaniasis (VL)\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial search yielded 89 citations, and 59 subjects were included. Data showed the zinc serum level in CL patients was lower than controls. Also, <i>in vitro</i> studies of zinc were more effective against <i>L. tropica</i> and <i>L. major</i> promastigotes compared to the amastigotes. Moreover, in vivo studies did not show destructive effects of zinc on the mammalian cell viability like macrophages. Furthermore, zinc depletion by specific chelators affected <i>L. donovani</i> survival and growth through promoting apoptosis and reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The serum level determination of zinc could be useful for estimating the leishmaniasis pathophysiology. Environmentally or genetically determined increases in zinc levels might augment resístanse to CL. In contrast, zinc depletion using a zinc-specific chelator could be effective treatment of VL in endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":94292,"journal":{"name":"Advanced biomedical research","volume":"13 ","pages":"73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}