The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"DNA methylation variability provides a complementary epigenetic signature of aging heterogeneity: findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging and the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.","authors":"Olga Vishnyakova, Joosung Min, Ann Z Moore, Toshiko Tanaka, Luigi Ferrucci, Xiaowei Song, Kenneth Rockwood, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Lloyd T Elliott","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag234","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glag234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human aging does not follow a single trajectory. Epigenetic changes offer insight into the heterogeneity in aging by reflecting the combined influence of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors on the timing and progression of age-related changes beyond what chronological age alone can explain. Recent studies in cancer and aging underscore the importance of methylation variability as a marker of biological dysregulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the role of DNA methylation in aging heterogeneity by performing epigenome-wide differential methylation and variance association analyses in blood samples from 1445 Canadians aged 45 to 85 from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 448 differentially methylated regions and 488 differentially variable regions associated with health decline as measured by the health deficit accumulation frailty index, cognitive function, and physical function. These two classes of regions showed minimal overlap, with distinct gene coverage, suggesting that variability contributes a complementary signal to aging heterogeneity. Genes overlapped by differentially methylated regions were enriched for immune and inflammation-related pathways, whereas differentially variable regions highlighted additional localized, CpG‑island-enriched signals shared across health domains, consistent with regionally structured rather than diffuse dysregulation. By integrating significant CpGs from both analyses, we constructed an epigenetic biomarker. The biomarker was associated with all-cause mortality and showed higher discrimination than biomarkers constructed from differential methylation or variability alone, with a similar pattern reproduced in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that DNA methylation variability may provide a complementary dimension of epigenetic aging and support further evaluation in larger cohorts with more mortality events.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal trajectories of hospitalizations in US older adults with heart failure.","authors":"Hanzhang Xu, Radha Dhingra, Bradley G Hammill, Zhen Li, Scott M Lynch, Jessica S West, Michael D Green, Eric D Peterson, Lesley H Curtis, Matthew E Dupre","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag233","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glag233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known about long-term risks of hospitalizations among heart failure (HF) older adults at a national level. We identified long-term patterns of hospitalizations following the diagnosis of HF and assessed whether high-risk patients can be identified prior to discharge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study from 2010 to 2020. Fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed HF during an inpatient stay and followed for up to 5 years. Group-based trajectory models (GBTM) identified 4 trajectories of all-cause hospitalizations during follow-up. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to identify patients' baseline characteristics to predict their hospitalization trajectories. Model discrimination was assessed using C-statistics, and calibration was evaluated using expected-to-observed ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 84 597 Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed HF (mean age: 77.4 [± 7.1] years and 58.3% male), we identified 4 distinct trajectories of hospitalizations: Group 1 (n = 19 340; 22.9%) had consistently \"low risks\" of hospitalization, Group 2 (n = 53 922; 57.9%) had elevated risks shortly after discharge (\"high-to-low risk\"), Group 3 (n = 5035; 9.8%) had elevated risks at later stages of illness (\"low-to-high risk\"), and Group 4 (n = 6300; 9.4%) had consistently \"high risks\" of hospitalization. Models were well-calibrated predicting hospitalization trajectories (compared to low-risk patients [Group 1]), and C-statistics were 0.65 (Group 2), 0.68 (Group 3), and 0.79 (Group 4). Discrimination was consistently better among patients ≤70 years, and calibration remained excellent across all subgroups with expected-to-observed ratios near 1.0.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High-risk HF patients could be identified at the time-of-diagnosis using routinely available clinical characteristics, enabling targeted interventions during critical periods to improve long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148984585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disability trajectories in the last years of life: a Swedish longitudinal multi-cohort study.","authors":"Saila Kyrönlahti, Pauliina Halonen, Debora Rizzuto, Anna-Karin Welmer, Linda B Hassing, Deborah Finkel, Stefan Fors, Johan Sanmartin Berglund, Linda Enroth","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag226","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glag226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The patterns and determinants of late-life functional decline are not fully understood. We examined disability trajectories in relation to proximity to death among decedents aged 70 years and older and investigated their associations with sex, age at death, education, cognitive impairment, and chronic conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Harmonized data from six Swedish longitudinal aging studies (1997-2016) within the National E-infrastructure for Aging Research (NEAR) were used. Participants who died at age 70 years or older and had data on activities of daily living (ADL) from at least two assessments were included (N = 2294, 62% women, mean age at death 89.8 years [SD 6.5]). ADL limitations (0-5 scale) were analyzed across four time intervals before death (0-2, >2-4, >4-6, and 6-12 years). Group-based trajectory modelling identified disability trajectories, multinomial logistic regression examined demographic associations, and generalized estimating equations assessed associations of cognitive impairment and chronic conditions with trajectory membership.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three trajectories were identified: constantly low (53%), low-sharply increasing (36%), and high-increasing (11%). Women, those with lower education, and individuals dying at older ages were more likely to follow increasing or persistently high disability trajectories. A high-increasing trajectory was associated with a higher likelihood of cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For most, ADL limitations remained low until the final two years of life, though distinct trajectories with steady or sharp increases also emerged. Identifying demographic and health-related factors associated with functional decline may inform targeted interventions and help anticipate care needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The modifying effect of work-care role conflict on the effectiveness of carer support: results from the Australian Draw Care randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Duncan Mortimer, Thu H Dang, Antonia Thodis, Joanne Enticott, Yuan Tian, Simona Markusevska, Josefine Antoniades, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Andrew S Gilbert, Mary Gurgone, Nalika Ulapane, Claudia Cooper, Nilmini Wickramasinghe, Lily D Xiao, Briony Dow, Mathew Varghese, Santosh Loganathan, Bianca Brijnath","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag232","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glag232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People who care for a family member with dementia alongside paid work often experience role conflict. This study explores whether work-care role conflict (WCRC) modifies the effectiveness of Draw Care, an online and culturally adapted carer support intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary exploratory analysis of a single-blind, parallel-group trial (August 2023-November 2024) that compared Draw Care against waitlist control in adult carers from diverse linguistic backgrounds. To formally test whether WCRC moderated the effect of the Draw Care intervention, we ran a full-sample linear mixed model that included a 3-way interaction between time-point, treatment group, and an indicator of WCRC. Work-care role conflict was operationalized as self-report of missed work or reduced productivity due to competing care and employment demands. Outcomes included carer burden, mood, quality of life, and productivity/activity impairment at 6 and 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two of 93 carers reported WCRC. Reductions in caregiver burden due to treatment at 6 weeks (-10.00; 95% CI, -19.70 to -0.31, p = .043) and 12 weeks (-9.56; 95% CI, -18.83 to -0.29, p = .043) were significantly larger in participants with WCRC than without. This moderating effect of WCRC was driven by a robust, absolute reduction in caregiver burden in intervention group participants with WCRC over the initial 6 weeks (-7.19, 95% CI, -12.72 to -1.67, p = .011), with much of this improvement preserved at 12 weeks (-6.85, 95% CI, -12.17 to -1.53, p = .012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WCRC appears to modify the effectiveness of Draw Care, suggesting that the intervention may be particularly helpful for carers navigating role conflict.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration number: </strong>ACTRN12622000382774 and ACTRN12622000358741.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of physical and sensory activities on motor and cognitive functions in the aging brain: a review.","authors":"Sabrina S A R Ferrari, Milena V Ramos, Flávia M C de Abreu, Deborah A de Oliveira, Letícia D D S Silva, Clarisse S Ferreira, Bárbara Q H D S Linhares, Ricardo Titze-de-Almeida, Maria Clotilde H Tavares, Simoneide S Titze-de-Almeida","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag224","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glag224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain aging is characterized by progressive structural and functional changes, including atrophy of the hippocampus and frontal cortex, reduced neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, and disruptions in network connectivity, collectively impairing memory, attention, and executive functions. However, aging is increasingly recognized as a heterogeneous process, with variability in decline and preservation of certain cognitive capacities supported by compensatory mechanisms. Neuroplasticity plays a central role in mitigating age-related losses by enabling functional reorganization and maintaining neural connectivity. This integrative review synthesizes evidence on the effects of physical activity, sensory stimulation, and multisystem interventions on brain aging. Aerobic and multicomponent exercise programs, particularly those lasting 8-24 weeks, have been associated with improvements in hippocampal volume, executive function, and mobility. These benefits appear to be mediated by upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, lactate signaling, and cathepsin B, which support synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and cerebral perfusion. Sensory stimulation enhances neural processing through multisensory integration, strengthening connectivity within attentional and executive networks. Combined interventions that integrate motor, sensory, and cognitive components appear promising and may offer advantages over single‑domain approaches, although direct comparative evidence remains limited. Activities such as dance, proprioceptive training, and musical engagement exemplify sensorimotor integration, promoting cognitive reserve. In addition, emerging technologies, including virtual reality and brain-computer interfaces, further support personalized, neuroplasticity-driven rehabilitation. Together, these findings highlight sensorimotor integration as a central mechanism for preserving cognitive and functional capacity and promoting healthy brain aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncontrolled hypertension among Medicare beneficiaries in rural South Carolina.","authors":"Stella T Lartey, Douglas Boylston Moore, Brian Alex Witrick, Bailey Naples, Amanda Raines Morgan, Michael Arthur Ofori, Joel Williams, Rachel M Mayo, Moonseong Heo","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag228","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glag228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>More than one-in-five older adults live in the rural U.S. Adults living in rural U.S. experience significantly higher hypertension prevalence and cardiovascular disease-related mortality compared to their urban counterparts. To extend the literature and provide real-world evidence, the primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension and to identify factors associated with it among Medicare beneficiaries receiving care in rural South Carolina.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were used from the annual review of Abbeville County Medicare patients diagnosed with hypertension between July 2024 and January 2025. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥130/80 mmHg with or without antihypertensive medications. Generalized linear models with a binomial distribution and logit link were used to examine individual, behavioral, clinical, and area-level contextual factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Responses from 813 Medicare beneficiaries with diagnosed hypertension were analyzed: 55.6% females with a mean age (standard deviation) of 73.2 ± 8.48 years. Overall, the prevalence (95% CI) of uncontrolled hypertension was 76.3% (95% CI: 73.2, 79.1). Compared with a healthy weight, being overweight (aOR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.2, 3.3; p = .005) or obese (aOR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.8; p = .010) was associated with higher odds of uncontrolled hypertension. Contrary to previous findings, \"most of the time\" PA (aOR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.05-2.34; p = .027) was associated with a higher likelihood of uncontrolled hypertension compared to no PA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight a high burden of uncontrolled hypertension in a rural Medicare population and underscore the need for objective measures and further studies into the individual, behavioral, clinical, and contextual factors that may contribute to blood pressure control in rural communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptance of AI-Based Assistive Technologies for Autonomy Support Among Older Adults: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Sekou Oumarou Thera, Ali Ben Charif, Jeanne Bertona, Patrick Villani, Sébastien Lechevallier, Marc-Karim Bendiane, Anne-Laure Couderc","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Population aging is leading to increased demand for health and long-term care. AI-based assistive technologies have been developed to support autonomy and care for older adults, yet real‑world adoption remains limited. We review evidence on acceptance and determinants of acceptance of AI‑based assistive technologies among older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review using the JBI methodology and followed PRISMA‑ScR guidelines for reporting. Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane) were searched for studies published from January 2010 to June 2025, initially in any language. We included studies examining acceptance and determinants of acceptance of AI-based assistive technologies among adults aged 65 years and older. We synthesized data using inductive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty‑nine studies met the inclusion criteria, with over one-third conducted in Europe (n = 10). Overall attitudes toward AI‑based assistive technologies were generally favorable when technologies were perceived as useful, easy to use, and tailored to needs. However, actual use was low. Acceptance was associated with socio‑demographic (e.g., age, residence), medical (e.g., frailty, self‑rated health), psychosocial (e.g., stigma), and structural (e.g., cost, accessibility) determinants, as well as with institutional and relational factors (e.g., preservation of human contact).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While older adults have generally positive views of AI‑based assistive technologies, adoption is slow because of intersecting psychosocial, economic, technical, and organizational barriers. User‑centered design, care-led innovation approaches, and implementation strategies that complement-rather than replace-human support may facilitate uptake and sustained use. Development of standardized assessment tools is needed to enable cross-study comparability and guide future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adiposity and Cognitive Performance in Older Men and Women from the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).","authors":"John J Dubé, Haley N Barnes, Zana M Ross, Neharika Murthy, Nikola Gligorijevic, Mahesh K Basantani, Divya Gupta, Cheehoon Ahn, Andrea M Brennan, Maria F Pino, Frederico G S Toledo, Maja Stefanovic-Racic, Paul M Coen, Peggy M Cawthon, Steven R Cummings, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Anne B Newman, Lauren M Sparks, Erin E Kershaw","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aging is accompanied by changes in body composition and cognition. Although adiposity has been linked to metabolic dysfunction and dementia risk, associations with specific cognitive domains in later life remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study examined associations between adiposity and cognitive performance in 769 community-dwelling, healthy older adults (70-94 years) from the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). Adiposity was assessed using anthropometric measures (body mass index, waist circumference) and MRI-derived regional fat volumes, including visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. Cognitive performance was evaluated using a screening measure (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), processing speed (Digit Symbol Coding Test), executive function (Trail Making Test B), and memory (California Verbal Learning Test-II Short Form). Multivariable linear regression models were sequentially adjusted for demographic, cardiometabolic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater age was associated with lower adiposity and poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.05). Most adiposity measures were inversely associated with processing speed after adjustment for age, sex, race, and testing site (p < 0.05). These associations generally persisted after adjustment for cardiometabolic conditions and were attenuated after inclusion of education, depressive symptoms, and behavioral covariates. No significant associations were observed between adiposity and executive function. Memory outcomes showed modest, exploratory associations with abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue measures only in fully adjusted models (p = 0.03-0.07).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In healthy older adults, adiposity is most consistently related to processing speed, whereas associations with memory and executive function are weaker or absent. Processing speed may be especially sensitive to adiposity-related differences. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify temporal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin use is associated with improved frailty trajectories in people with HIV.","authors":"Jovana Milic, Alessandra Carobbio, Marianna Menozzi, Giuseppe Mancini, Gianluca Cuomo, Marcella Manicardi, Chiara Mussi, Cristina Mussini, Paolo Raggi, Giada Sebastiani, Giovanni Guaraldi","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Statins have pleiotropic properties beyond LDL cholesterol reduction, including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects that may influence biological aging and frailty. The primary objective was to compare frailty trajectories in people with HIV using statins for cardiovascular prevention with those not using statins. Secondary objectives included differences in walking speed, short physical performance battery, and hand grip strength. This observational longitudinal study included people with HIV from the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic (Italy) with no prior statin use at baseline and at least three frailty index (FI) assessments. Baseline was the first visit with a FI assessment; follow-up was the last visit. Statin users and non-users were matched for follow-up duration. Time 0 (T0) was defined as statin initiation. Frailty was assessed with a 34-item FI. To minimize collider bias, lipid variables were excluded from the FI due to their direct relationship with statin exposure. Frailty trajectories and secondary outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed models. Beta-estimates were multiplied by 100 to improve readability. Among 3,444 people with HIV (69% men; median age 44.7 years), 23.1% initiated statins for primary prevention and 2.0% for secondary prevention. Statin users had a more unfavorable cardiometabolic profile at T0. In adjusted models, statin use was associated with a reduction in FI over time (statin*time interaction β=-2.562, 95%-CI -3.176,-1.987). No associations were observed with secondary outcomes. Statins may improve frailty trajectories, mitigate aging-related decline and preserve physical function in people with HIV, supporting a broader role for statins in HIV care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived fatigability and fall risk in aging with and without multiple sclerosis: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Di-Hua Luo, Roee Holtzer","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag199","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glag199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fatigue and falls are prevalent and disabling in both aging and older adults with multiple sclerosis (OAMS). However, clinically useful, modifiable predictors of fall risk remain insufficiently established. Perceived fatigability has been shown to cross-sectionally correlate with poorer cognitive and mobility outcomes in normative aging and OAMS, but its prospective relationship with falls is unclear. We examined whether baseline perceived fatigability predicts falls during longitudinal follow-up in community-dwelling older adults with and without MS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 223 older adults aged ≥60 years (109 OAMS; 114 healthy controls). Baseline physical and mental fatigability were assessed using the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale (PFS). Falls were prospectively tracked using structured monthly telephone interviews during the study period (from September 2019 to April 2025). Generalized estimating equations estimated fall risk, adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates, including prior falls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the full cohort, higher physical (odds ratio [OR] = 1.54, 95% CI [1.25-1.91], p < .001) and mental fatigability (OR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.12-1.77], p = .004) were each associated with greater odds of falls after covariate adjustment. Physical fatigability remained significant after accounting for group status (OR = 1.37, 95% CI [1.09-1.71], p = .006). Mental fatigability was attenuated after inclusion of group status. Group status did not significantly moderate the fatigability-fall risk associations (p-values > .05 for all interactions between fatigability and group status).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Worse perceived physical and mental fatigability were associated prospectively with increased fall risk in both OAMS and healthy controls. These findings support the potential clinical utility of fatigability assessment for fall-risk profiling and for informing more tailored fall prevention strategies in normative and MS-related aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}