{"title":"Muscle Evicted Tunneling Approach (META) with Crossed Belt & Suspenders Sutures (CBS) for Mandibular Incisor Root Coverage: A Proof of Concept.","authors":"Vincent Ronco, Samuel Akhondi, Alexandra Rendon","doi":"10.11607/prd.8025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.8025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present a proof-of-concept technique combining a novel Muscle Evicted Tunneling Approach (META) with the Crossed Belt & Suspenders (CBS) suture design to achieve simultaneous apical and lateral closure for root coverage in a challenging isolated mandibular recession.</p><p><strong>Clinical considerations: </strong>A 32-year-old female with a RT2 recession at tooth 31 (thin phenotype; absent attached keratinized tissue; shallow vestibule) was treated with supra-muscular partial-thickness tunneling with myotomy and apicalization of muscle fibers (META), intraoral deepithelialized connective tissue graft, and Crossed Belt & Suspender (CBS) sutures to centralize the flap-graft complex without using vertical releases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete root coverage was achieved with clinical restoration of vestibular depth, attached tissues increased, soft-tissue thickness improved, and hypersensitivity resolved. Outcomes remained stable at 1 year, with improved hygiene and deepened vestibule.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this proof-of-concept case, the combination of META and CBS was associated with stable root coverage and concurrent gains in attached tissue and vestibular depth over the observation period.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This approach is indicated for RT1 and RT2 defects in mandibular incisors, where vestibule depth and muscle pull can compromise flap stability, enabling coronal positioning of the flap margin at the CEJ without vertical releases and supporting predictable esthetic and functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Istvan A Urban, Samuel Akhondi, Leonardo Mancini, Lorenzo Tavelli
{"title":"Peri-implant Buccal and Lingual Keratinized Mucosa Augmentation Following Bone Reconstruction.","authors":"Istvan A Urban, Samuel Akhondi, Leonardo Mancini, Lorenzo Tavelli","doi":"10.11607/prd.7906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.7906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large bone reconstruction often results in distortion of the position of the MGJ and limited residual keratinized mucosa (KM) width at the future implant(s) site. It is well known that an adequate band of KM plays a positive role on peri-implant health and tissue stability. Therefore, surgical techniques designed to reconstruct sufficient peri-implant soft tissue-not only on the buccal aspect but circumferentially around the implant-are highly recommended/advocated. The present manuscript depicts 4 variations of the strip gingival graft technique designed to achieve an adequate width of peri-implant KM and sufficient mucosal thickness (MT) following large bone reconstruction and implant placement at mandibular sites. The rationale for these surgical approaches over conventional techniques, along with anatomical, clinical, and patient-centered considerations related to augmentative procedures, is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Po-Jan Kuo, Bor-Jian Chen, Giulio Rasperini, Yi-Wen Tsai, Tsung-Hsun Wu, Jonathan H Do
{"title":"Partial-Full-Thickness Tunnel Technique with Palatal Vertical Incisions and Supracrestal Sling Sutures for Papilla Reconstruction and Root Coverage in the Esthetic Zone: A Technical Case Report.","authors":"Po-Jan Kuo, Bor-Jian Chen, Giulio Rasperini, Yi-Wen Tsai, Tsung-Hsun Wu, Jonathan H Do","doi":"10.11607/prd.7778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.7778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interproximal attachment plays a crucial role in diagnosing periodontal conditions and predicting their prognosis due to its significant impact. The loss of interproximal attachment, often accompanied by papilla loss, can lead to phonetic, functional, and esthetic challenges. However, existing literature provides limited data on treatment outcomes for interdental papilla reconstruction and root coverage. This technical case report presents a novel surgical approach utilizing labial mucosal vertical incisions and palatal marginal vertical incisions to facilitate creation of a partial-full-thickness (PFT) tunnel. Then, connective tissue grafts (CTGs), stabilized by supracrestal sling (SCS) sutures, are used to support and coronally advance the soft tissue overlying the graft to obtain root coverage and enhance papilla height and volume. This technique optimizes blood supply and maximizes wound stability, resulting in significant papilla augmentation and complete root coverage. It is suggested that PFT tunnel preparation via labial mucosal vertical incisions and palatal marginal vertical incisions, combined with CTG stabilization via the SCS suture, has the potential to treat gingival recessions with deficient papilla in the maxillary esthetic zone.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Implication of Bone Defect Morphology in Peri-implantitis Therapy.","authors":"Alberto Monje, Paul S Rosen","doi":"10.11607/prd.7997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.7997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most current data fails to elucidate the influence of the peri-implantitis-related bone morphology upon therapeutic outcomes as this has been an underreported area of clinical research. The aim of this concept paper is to provide further insight into the clinical influence of peri-implantitis lesion morphology on both the treatment approach and the likelihood for success. Numerous factors have been associated with defect configuration. Amongst them, implant axis in relation to the skeletal bony housing seems to be pivotal in selecting an effective therapeutic modality to address peri-implantitis. Considering that, a 10-stepwise approach is proposed to manage peri-implantitis. In summary, the surgical approach for managing peri-implantitis, whenever non-surgical measures have failed, must be dictated by defect configuration. Rarely does the morphology of a peri-implantitis lesion enable complete stability of a bone graft material and/or the clot. The bases for this are suboptimal implant position or a deficiency in alveolar ridge width at the time of placement. Hence, resective strategies are often essential combined with reconstructive measures, where possible, to achieve long-term successful outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emergence Profile Angle as a Determinant of Periodontal Supracrestal Tissue Dimensions in Maxillary Anterior Teeth.","authors":"Diogo Moreira Rodrigues, Gustavo Avila-Ortiz, Eliane Porto Barboza, Herval Nunes Ramos Filho, Marcelo Pereira Nunes, Emilio Couso-Queiruga","doi":"10.11607/prd.8011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.8011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the association between the emergence profile angle (EPA) and the phenotypic characteristics of maxillary anterior teeth. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of adult subjects were analyzed to measure EPA, buccal gingival thickness (GT) at different levels, supracrestal tissue height (STH), cementoenamel junction-bone crest distance (CEJ-BC), and bucco-lingual tooth dimensions. Standardized intraoral photographs were used to assess the gingival architecture (GA) and tooth shape. Statistical analyses were performed to explore the correlations between the recorded variables. A total of 100 subjects and 600 maxillary non-molar teeth were included. The overall mean EPA was 14.4° ± 3.06, with significant variation across tooth types (ANOVA, p < 0.001). Sites with a thick gingiva exhibited significantly lower EPA values than those with a thin gingiva. Triangular teeth (15.02°) and teeth with a pronounced scalloped GA (15.9°) had higher EPA than square teeth (13.92°) and those with a flat GA (14.6°) (p < 0.05). EPA revealed a significant negative correlation with GT and STH (Pearson's p < 0.05). Linear regression analysis confirmed that EPA was a predictor of supracrestal soft tissue height (p < 0.001). Therefore, this study concluded that EPA varies according to tooth type, shape, gingival thickness, and architecture, and is inversely correlated with GT and STH.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146055694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João B César Neto, Vitor M Sapata, Ricardo T Sekiguchi, Claudio M Pannuti, Giuseppe A Romito, Dimitris N Tatakis
{"title":"Mandibular Deep Single Gingival Recession Treatment: Effect of Radiographic Hard Tissue Parameters on Root Coverage. A Prospective Case Series.","authors":"João B César Neto, Vitor M Sapata, Ricardo T Sekiguchi, Claudio M Pannuti, Giuseppe A Romito, Dimitris N Tatakis","doi":"10.11607/prd.7840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.7840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This prospective case series evaluated whether hard tissue radiographic parameters influence treatment outcomes of deep mandibular gingival recessions (≥5 mm) treated with connective tissue grafts (CTG) using either a double-papilla envelope (DPE) or lateral sliding flap (LSF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen patients received CTG+DPE (n=7) or CTG+LSF (n=8). Clinical parameters-recession depth (RD), root coverage (RC), complete root coverage (CRC), and keratinized tissue width (KT)-were measured at baseline and 12 months. Pre-treatment CBCT scans assessed root width, mesiodistal root circumference, buccal prominence, and interproximal distance to correlate with outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in clinical outcomes were found between flap designs. When data were pooled, RD significantly decreased from 6.8±1.7 mm to 0.9±0.9 mm (RC=85.8%, p<0.05), and KT increased from 0.1±0.3 mm to 3.6±1.5 mm (p<0.05). Greater baseline RD correlated with more RD reduction (p<0.05). However, none of the radiographic parameters showed significant correlation with root coverage outcomes. RT1 defects achieved 93% of root coverage while RT2 defects achieved 77.6% (p=0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within study limitations, the examined radiographic parameters did not affect outcomes. Deep mandibular gingival recessions can be effectively treated using either CTG+DPE or CTG+LSF.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146055673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Po-Jan Kuo, Jonathan H Do, Tsung-Hsun Wu, Hao-Tien Cheng, Shayan Barootchi, Lorenzo Tavelli
{"title":"Tunneled Coronally Advanced Flap with Dual-Site Connective Tissue Grafts for Adjacent RT2 and RT3 Recessions with Isolated Papillary Deficiency: Two Case Reports.","authors":"Po-Jan Kuo, Jonathan H Do, Tsung-Hsun Wu, Hao-Tien Cheng, Shayan Barootchi, Lorenzo Tavelli","doi":"10.11607/prd.7975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.7975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gingival recessions characterized by interproximal clinical attachment loss, as seen in recession types 2 and 3 (RT2 and RT3), present a clinical challenge for achieving complete root coverage. This report presents a microsurgical approach for treating adjacent RT2/RT3 defects with isolated papillary deficiency. The technique involves the use of a tunneled coronally advanced flap (TCAF) to enhance tissue mobility and create an interdental tunnel underneath the deficient papilla. A papillary connective tissue graft (CTG) is contoured to fit the interdental architecture and inserted into the interdental tunnel to 'tent up' the deficient papilla. A facial CTG is placed and stabilized on the facial surface to support the papillary CTG and to obtain root coverage. Clinical outcomes at the 12-month follow-up of cases treated with this approach demonstrated significant improvements in interproximal clinical attachment levels, tissue thickness, and root coverage. The mean root coverage reached 97.6%, with complete root coverage achieved in 94.4% of sites. These findings suggest that combining the TCAF with dual-site CTGs may represent an effective alternative approach for managing complex adjacent gingival recessions with isolated papillary deficiencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146055753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emmanuel Englezos, Wim Coucke, Ana B Castro, Wim Teughels, Andy Temmereman
{"title":"The Role of Keratinized Mucosa in Peri-implant Tissue Stability After Treatment of Periimplantitis: Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of a Prospective Cohort Study After 3 Years.","authors":"Emmanuel Englezos, Wim Coucke, Ana B Castro, Wim Teughels, Andy Temmereman","doi":"10.11607/prd.7322","DOIUrl":"10.11607/prd.7322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study prospectively evaluated the effect of keratinized mucosa (KM) on the healing of periimplant tissues after resective surgical therapy for peri-implantitis. It addressed the question of whether the absence of KM has a negative effect on peri-implant tissue stability after treatment. Patients referred to a private practice for peri-implantitis treatment were surgically treated with resective flap surgery and implantoplasty. They were followed for 3 years. Measurements at the implant level included presence of plaque, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, radiographically visible bone loss, and the presence and width of KM before therapy, 3 months postoperatively, and 1, 2, and 3 years after the surgical intervention. All clinical parameters improved, and marginal bone levels remained stable 3 years after therapy. The KM width decreased significantly after the therapy. Soft tissue recession was frequently observed. The absence of KM does not seem to have a negative effect on healing after therapy for the studied period of 3 years. The authors conclude that resective surgery combined with implantoplasty seems to be a reliable method for arresting the progression of peri-implantitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"102-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicola Ferrigno, Mauro Laureti, Abdusalam E Alrmali, Claudia Lorenzi, Hom-Lay Wang, Paolo Carosi
{"title":"Comparative Clinical Outcomes of Two Different Zygomatic Implant Protocols for the Rehabilitation of Severely Atrophic Maxillae: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Nicola Ferrigno, Mauro Laureti, Abdusalam E Alrmali, Claudia Lorenzi, Hom-Lay Wang, Paolo Carosi","doi":"10.11607/prd.7493","DOIUrl":"10.11607/prd.7493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study aimed to compare extended sinus elevation and extramaxillary surgical protocols for restoring severely atrophic maxillae with zygomatic implants (ZIs) and evaluate their clinical effectiveness. The study included patients who were treated at a dental clinic in Italy from 2012 to 2022 who received fixed screw-retained complete dentures supported by either two or four ZIs. The patients underwent a minimum 1-year follow-up after loading, following two protocols: the hybrid and the quad protocol. Digital planning incorporated CBCT scans, intraoral scans, and digital prosthetic plans within implant-planning software. Surgical techniques involved extended sinus elevation and extramaxillary techniques, using the ZAGA approach for ZI placement. The results showed that out of 19 patients with a mean age of 65.3 years, a total of 56 ZIs and 20 standard implants were used, with no failures observed in either the implants or the definitive prostheses, resulting in a 100% survival rate. According to the ORIS criteria, overall success was achieved in terms of implant stability, sinus health, peri-implant soft tissue condition, and prosthetic function. Only two ZIs (3.6%) exhibited minor gingival recession and moderate thread exposure, which were closely monitored through professional hygiene maintenance. Both the extended sinus elevation and extramaxillary protocols demonstrated comparable clinical outcomes and minimal complications in the restoration of severely atrophic maxillae with ZIs. However, further extensive studies involving larger, multicenter designs and longer follow-up periods are needed to validate and refine these outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"74-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monolithic Zirconia Is the Most Biocompatible Ceramic in Dentistry . . . NOT!","authors":"Clinton D Stevens","doi":"10.11607/prd.7846","DOIUrl":"10.11607/prd.7846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biocompatibility has been defined by Williams as “the ability of a biomaterial to perform its desired function with respect to a medical therapy, without eliciting any undesirable local or systemic effects in the recipient … and optimizing the clinically relevant performance of that therapy.”1 Monolithic zirconia (MZ) is often described as the most biocompatible ceramic option for indirect dentistry.2 This assertion is typically presented with no attached citations, implying that it is a generally known fact. The purpose of this commentary is to explore the biocompatibility of MZ not only as it relates to localized cellular response, but also within the context of the broader stomatognathic system.</p>","PeriodicalId":94231,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry","volume":"0 0","pages":"14-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}