The Angle orthodontist最新文献

{"title":"Influence of head positioning errors on the accuracy of fully automated artificial intelligence-based cephalometric software.","authors":"Alessandro Polizzi, Antonino Lo Giudice, Cristina Conforte, Gaetano Isola, Rosalia Leonardi","doi":"10.2319/123124-1075.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/123124-1075.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the accuracy of three fully automated software systems compared to nonautomated cephalometric analysis software tested using cephalograms featuring correct and incorrect head positions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study sample consisted of 40 lateral cephalograms retrieved retrospectively from a larger pool of pretreatment orthodontic records. Cephalograms were recruited and divided into correct head posture group (CHP) and incorrect head posture group (IHP). Cephalometric data were obtained by manual landmarking (Dolphin software), which served as a reference, and by fully automated AI software (WebCeph, Ceph Assistant, and AudaxCeph). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and paired t-tests were used for intragroup comparisons, whereas analysis of variance and post-hoc analysis were used to compare performance among artificial intelligence (AI) based software applications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The tested software exhibited a good level of consistency for angular measurements whereas linear measurements were more error-prone. AudaxCeph demonstrated the most consistent accuracy, achieving excellent agreement (ICC > 0.90) for several skeletal parameters; however, it failed in detecting soft tissue accurately. WebCeph and Ceph Assistant showed greater variability, especially for linear measurements (ICC < 0.50). Positional errors drastically reduced measurement accuracy, with linear parameters such as Go-Me showing the poorest agreement across all software.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI-based cephalometric software demonstrated variable accuracy depending on the cephalometric measurement, and this pattern was exacerbated under conditions involving positional errors in cephalograms. Accordingly, oversight by expert clinicians is still required to minimize marginal error.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can AI chatbots accurately provide information on orthodontic risks?","authors":"Zeng Fan, Jie Lei, Wanwei Shi, Yao Lin, Qing Wang, Lina Bao","doi":"10.2319/121424-1021.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/121424-1021.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate and compare the validity and reliability of different artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots in answering queries about potential orthodontic risks.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Answers to 20 frequently asked questions about the potential risks of orthodontics were derived from daily consultations with experienced orthodontists and AI chatbots (ChatGPT 4o, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, and Gemini 1.5 Pro). The questions were repeated three times and submitted to the AI chatbots to assess the reliability of their answers. The answers from AI chatbots were scored using a modified Global Quality Scale (GQS). Low- and high-threshold validity tests were used to determine validity, and Cronbach's alpha was used to evaluate the consistency of the three responses to each of the 20 questions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the low-threshold validity test, Gemini exhibited the highest overall performance. In the high-threshold validity test, Gemini also showed the highest overall effectiveness, but there was no significant difference observed among the three chatbots. All three chatbots demonstrated satisfactory levels of reliability, with Gemini having the highest consistency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI chatbots have some potential in providing orthodontic risk information, but they must be used cautiously and further optimized to improve their effectiveness in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":"95 5","pages":"483-489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What amount of data is required to develop artificial intelligence that can accurately predict soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery?","authors":"Jong-Hak Kim, Naeun Kwon, Ji-Ae Park, Sung Bin Youn, Byoung-Moo Seo, Shin-Jae Lee","doi":"10.2319/010125-1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/010125-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To suggest a sample size calculation method to develop artificial intelligence (AI) that can predict soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery with clinically acceptable accuracy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>From data collected from 705 patients who had undergone combined surgical-orthodontic treatment, 10 subsets of the data were generated through random resampling procedures, specifically with reduced data sizes of 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 450, 500, 600, and 700. Resampling was repeated four times, and each subset was used to create a total of 40 AI models using a deep-learning algorithm. The prediction results for soft tissue change after orthognathic surgery were compared across all 40 AI models based on their sample sizes. Clinically acceptable accuracy was set as a 1.5-mm prediction error. The predictive performance of AI models was evaluated on the lower lip, which was selected as a primary outcome variable and a benchmark landmark. Linear regression analysis was conducted to estimate the relationship between sample size and prediction error.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prediction error decreased with increasing sample size. A sample size greater than 1700 datasets was estimated as being required for the development of an AI model with a prediction error < 1.5 mm at the lower lip area.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A fairly large quantity of orthognathic surgery data seemed to be necessary to develop software programs for visualizing surgical treatment objectives with clinically acceptable accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":"95 5","pages":"467-473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic Orthodontic Opportunities.","authors":"","doi":"10.2319/1945-7103-95.4.464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/1945-7103-95.4.464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":"95 4","pages":"464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of lip protrusion and thickness on the perception of facial profile attractiveness among subjects with different ethnic backgrounds.","authors":"Mais Medhat Sadek, Maei Badr Alali","doi":"10.2319/092724-796.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/092724-796.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the influence of lip protrusion and thickness on the perception of facial profile attractiveness among subjects with different ethnic backgrounds.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>424 participants were divided into four groups (European, Black African, Far Eastern, and Middle Eastern) and further subdivided into two subgroups according to age (18 to 40 and 41 to 60 years). An idealized female profile silhouette image was manipulated to generate 18 images with three different lip thicknesses and six sagittal lip positions. To assess perception of facial profile attractiveness, participants completed the developed questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences were found among subjects with different ethnic backgrounds for all images (P < .01). Percent agreement averaged 13.89%. Within each group, scores varied with lip thickness and protrusion, with significant interaction between the two factors. Gender and age had a significant impact on profile attractiveness mean scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ricketts norms for the most favorable lip position to E-line need to be updated. Middle Eastern and Europeans regarded lips positioned + 1 mm to the norm in relation to E-line as the most attractive. Thick lips that were mildly protruded were preferred by Africans. Far Eastern participants preferred normal thickness and thin lips that were protrusive; thick lips were ranked lowest. Among the thick lips, protrusive lips were ranked higher. More personalized and culturally sensitive orthodontic treatment planning is needed to help patients achieve their desired facial esthetic outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of an AI-aided 3D method for enhanced volumetric quantification of external root resorption in orthodontics.","authors":"Teresa Baena-de la Iglesia, Estrella Navarro-Fraile, Alejandro Iglesias-Linares","doi":"10.2319/092324-781.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/092324-781.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare and validate two tridimensional diagnostic methods for quantifying and categorizing external root resorption using an artificial intelligence (AI)-aided, automatic, or manual digital segmentation process.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>40 teeth were segmented from 10 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records from five patients. Stereolithographic files were created, and automatic, manual, or AI-aided segmentation of each incisor was performed by two double-blinded operators. Two quantification methods were used and compared by analyzing final segmented regions of the tooth. This study followed QAREL (Quality Appraisal of Diagnostic Reliability) and COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments) guidelines. Reproducibility was assessed using the Dahlberg formula, coefficient of variation, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (<i>P</i> value < .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intra- and interobserver correlations were high (ICC: > 0.736; <i>P</i> < .01). Statistically significant differences were found between the two measurement methods for high-quality CBCT images of central incisors, mainly at the level of the apical third. Specific differences were found between methods when root resorption was evaluated in the middle and apical thirds using AI segmentation of the central incisor (<i>P</i> = .043). When referring to total volume loss of the lateral incisor, differences (<i>P</i> = .021) were observed between methods when segmented by manual or AI-aided procedures. Highest specificity (100%) was observed for AI-aided segmentation and Method 2 for evaluation of root resorption at the apical third volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Assessment of root resorption with CBCT is highly dependent on CBCT definition, type of segmentation, and measurement method. Three-dimensional (3D) measurement method described by three landmark points yielded satisfactory results using any tested segmentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":"95 5","pages":"474-482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alveolar bone defects influence rate of tooth movement.","authors":"Nawaporn Ritwiroon, Boonsiva Suzuki, Eduardo Yugo Suzuki","doi":"10.2319/121224-1019.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/121224-1019.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine how defects in alveolar bone affect movement of teeth during orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography images from 26 patients: 15 females and 11 males, with a mean age of 21.5 years (SD ± 3.7 years), were used to evaluate the buccal alveolar bone on the maxillary canine. Maxillary canines (n = 52) were subsequently categorized into three groups: control or no bone defects (n = 17), fenestration (n = 20), and quasidefect (n = 15). Each canine was displaced distally for 16 weeks using nickel-titanium closed coil springs (50 g) and segmental archwire mechanics. The rate and amount of tooth movement were evaluated using superimposition of lateral cephalograms and three-dimensional digital dental models between before and after canine retraction. Rate of tooth movement was evaluated among different bone defect groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rate of movement was significantly decreased in the fenestration (0.87 ± 0.23 mm/mo) and quasidefect groups (0.62 ± 0.14 mm/mo) compared to the control group (1.17 ± 0.40 mm/mo). Also, 85% of all subjects exhibited an evident asymmetric pattern of tooth movement, and 77% of these subjects presented with unilateral bone defects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The type and existence of alveolar bone defects have a substantial effect on rate of tooth movement. Therefore, when conducting orthodontic tooth movement investigations and planning orthodontic treatment, it is important to consider the existence of alveolar bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":"95 5","pages":"522-529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictability of mesiodistal movement of upper and lower molars with clear aligners: a systematic review.","authors":"Carmen García-Marín, Andrea Otero-Pregigueiro, Alejandro Iglesias-Linares","doi":"10.2319/063024-507.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/063024-507.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze and summarize the current scientific evidence regarding the clinical predictability of mesiodistal movements of upper and lower molars in patients treated with clear aligners without auxiliary aid.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022357639). Databases were searched up to September 2024. Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers, risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, and certainty of evidence was evaluated qualitatively using the GRADE tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>919 articles were identified, and six prospective and retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria, predominantly using the Invisalign system. Upper molar predictability was 61.1 ± 9.1% for movements ranging from 0.45 to 3.2 mm. Lower molar distalization showed lower predictability and molar mesial movement had median predictability rates of 85.6 ± 1.1%. Moderate to serious risk of bias and very low quality of evidence was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Upper molar distalization using clear aligners appears to be predictable for distalization from 1.5 to 3.2 mm. Anchorage reinforcement or overcorrection should be considered when planning mesiodistal movements. Standardization of the measurement method is necessary to improve efficacy of these systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":"95 5","pages":"563-571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lip incompetence resolved by active vertical control in nonsurgical treatment of a protrusion case with vertical maxillary excess.","authors":"Johnny Jl Liaw, Jae Hyun Park, Fang Fang Tsai, Betty My Tsai, Wendy Wt Liao","doi":"10.2319/072224-593.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2319/072224-593.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this case report, we present the treatment of a 28-year-old patient with lip incompetence and vertical maxillary excess (VME), using a combination of a midpalatal miniscrew-anchored cantilever clip appliance and submerged buccal shelf miniscrews. The patient exhibited a convex profile, long face, gummy smile, and protrusion, with a Class II skeletal relationship and mentalis strain. The patient declined conventional orthognathic surgery, leading to an orthodontic camouflage treatment plan involving extraction of four first premolars, maximum retraction, and active vertical control with skeletal anchorage devices. Treatment included the use of infrazygomatic crest miniscrews, anterior subapical miniscrews, and a cantilever clip appliance for molar intrusion, resulting in significant improvement in facial profile, reduction of gummy smile, resolution of lip incompetence, and alleviation of mentalis strain. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of a nonsurgical orthodontic intervention in managing a complex case of VME and lip incompetence.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in glenoid fossa of adult female patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion during premolar extraction treatment and mini-implant anchorage: a cone-beam computed tomography study.","authors":"Xiao-Chuan Fan, Lin-Sha Ma, Marco Aoqi Rausch, Li Chen, Qing Zhang, Diwakar Singh, Xiaohui Rausch-Fan, Xiao-Feng Huang","doi":"10.2319/092324-782.1","DOIUrl":"10.2319/092324-782.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate changes in glenoid fossa morphology before, during, and after orthodontic treatment with extractions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eighty-four cone-beam computed tomograms from 28 adult female patients with Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion, who underwent orthodontic treatment involving premolar extraction and mini-implant insertion, were collected at three time points: before treatment (T0), during treatment (just before extraction space closure, T1), and after treatment (T2). Changes in the morphology of the glenoid fossa and the relationship of the anterior teeth among T0, T1, and T2 were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inclination of the articular eminence (AEI-BFL and AEI-TRL) increased from T1 to T2 and from T0 to T2, whereas the width of the glenoid fossa (GFW) decreased from T1 to T2 and from T0 to T2. Changes in depth of the glenoid fossa (GFD) and the ratio of GFW to GFD were observed only in T0-T2. The height of the articular eminence (AEH) showed no significant differences among the three time points. Except for incisor overbite, which decreased from T0 to T1 and then to T2, all other dental parameters showed differences only in T1-T2 and T0-T2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthodontic treatment with extractions can induce adaptive morphological changes in the glenoid fossa, primarily during the stage of extraction space closure. These changes are mainly characterized by a steeper AEI and a reduction in GFW.</p>","PeriodicalId":94224,"journal":{"name":"The Angle orthodontist","volume":"95 5","pages":"504-512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}