{"title":"Study on the bioremediation of methylene blue by Haematococcus pluvialis through synchrotron-FTIR imaging and spectroscopy.","authors":"Jinghua Liu, Wenzhe Li, Xuanyi Ren, Zeming Qi, Jingwen Ma, Shan Huang, Lishuan Chai, Yue Jiao, Jiawei Xu, Xueqin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methylene blue (MB), as a phenothiazine dye, causes a harmful damage to health and receives increasingly more environmental concern. Herein, the batch experiments for MB biosorption and biotransformation by Haematococcus pluvialis were carried out to evaluate the optimal parameters of MB removal. In this work, we found that the maximum removal efficiency was attained when MB was at the initial concentration of 5 mg/L. Meanwhile, the cellular numbers and pigments decreased dramatically with the rising content of MB. Furthermore, synchrotron-FTIR microscopic imaging is employed here to investigate the interaction between MB dye and algal cells by the measurement of the various vital changes of cellular components involving in the bioremediation of the hazardous dye, which indicated that MB dye as a photosensitizer can trigger the algal transformation from vegetative cells into red cysts by introducing oxidative stress. Accordingly, the dye removal efficiency can be sharply enhanced by the transformed algal cells for the accumulation of astaxanthin or carotenoids. In addition, the FTIR spectroscopy combined with PCA algorithm was further utilized to discriminate various algal status based on their spectral features. As a result, it demonstrates that microscopic imaging and FTIR spectroscopy is a powerful and useful tool to elucidate underlying mechanisms of dye removal by algal cells at high spatial resolution and to evaluate cellular physiological characteristics through multivariate statistical analysis, and it even provides a novel and effective strategy to rapidly screen the potential microalgae for the removal of recalcitrant dyes from wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"343 ","pages":"126613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jicheng Wang, Xuan Wang, Nianwei Wang, Yikun Ren, Lin Dong, Huarong Xu, Huiming Hua, Dahong Li
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"A thiol-activated near-infrared fluorescent H<sub>2</sub>S donor for visualizing H<sub>2</sub>S release and its applications\" [Spectrochim. Acta Part A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 347 (2026) 126976].","authors":"Jicheng Wang, Xuan Wang, Nianwei Wang, Yikun Ren, Lin Dong, Huarong Xu, Huiming Hua, Dahong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Jiang, Bo Liu, Yang Li, Haoyu Jin, Tianpeng Zhong, Ting Yu, Han Tang, Xiaorui Liu, Danqing Xu, Yuquan Tang, Youyu Zhang, Haitao Li, Huijun Zhou, Peng Yin
{"title":"Triple-Channel fluorescent probe for simultaneous detection of Cys, SO₂, and H₂S to discriminate Cancer cells via Transsulfuration pathway metabolic profiling.","authors":"Xin Jiang, Bo Liu, Yang Li, Haoyu Jin, Tianpeng Zhong, Ting Yu, Han Tang, Xiaorui Liu, Danqing Xu, Yuquan Tang, Youyu Zhang, Haitao Li, Huijun Zhou, Peng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early and accurate cancer diagnosis is essential for improving patient prognosis and guiding effective treatment. Metabolic reprogramming of the transsulfuration pathway is a hallmark of malignancy, characterized by elevated intracellular levels of cysteine (Cys), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). Here, we report the design and synthesis of TAC, a coumarin-based triple-channel fluorescent probe incorporating three distinct reactive sites for the simultaneous detection of Cys, SO₂, and H₂S. TAC exhibits high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, robust photostability, and negligible spectral crosstalk among the three emission channels. In live-cell imaging, TAC enabled real-time visualization of both endogenous and exogenous analytes with high spatial-temporal resolution. Importantly, TAC accurately discriminated between normal and cancer cells by capturing their distinct sulfur metabolic fingerprints, with cancer cells exhibiting significantly higher fluorescence in all channels. This work introduces the first fluorescent probe capable of triple-analyte imaging within the transsulfuration pathway, providing a powerful platform for non-invasive metabolic profiling and early cancer screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127025"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nitro-functionalized nano-UiO-66/CdTe-QDs ratiometric probe for Sn<sup>2+</sup> detection via redox-triggered fluorescence response.","authors":"Ping Zhang, Anyue Zhang, Wenhui Lu, Anzhang Li, Qingxiang Zhang, Long Jiang, Ping Ju, Ensheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, a visual and equipment-free detection method for Sn<sup>2+</sup> was developed based on the dual-emission nano-probe UiO-66-NO₂/CdTe-QDs. The probe was synthesized by physically mixing nano-CdTe QDs with nitro-functionalized UiO-66 nanoparticles, exhibiting dual fluorescence peaks at 428 nm (weak) and 650 nm (strong). Upon addition of Sn<sup>2+</sup>, redox reaction between the probe and Sn<sup>2+</sup> occurs, producing a marked fluorescence enhancement at 428 nm and quenching at 650 nm, thereby generating a reversed ratiometric response. Nano-UiO-66-NO₂/CdTe-QDs demonstrates exceptional selectivity toward Sn<sup>2+</sup>, with a limit of detection of 32 nM and a linear range of 0-90 μM. More importantly, a naked-eye-discernible fluorescence color transition from pink to blue could be observed for nano-UiO-66-NO₂/CdTe-QDs along with the fluorescence titration process. Leveraging this change, portable sensors were fabricated by immobilizing nano-UiO-66-NO₂/CdTe-QDs onto the surface of filter paper. Based on the portable sensors, a smartphone-assisted, equipment-free detection platform for Sn<sup>2+</sup> has been developed and applied for monitoring Sn<sup>2+</sup> in real samples. Mechanistic studies confirm that fluorescence modulation originates primarily from the redox reaction between nitro groups and Sn<sup>2+</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145288079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xianzheng Pang, Siguo Xiao, Chuting Zeng, Xiaoliang Yang
{"title":"Self-activated NaLa<sub>4</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>F and enhanced Tb<sup>3+</sup>/Dy<sup>3+</sup> emission in NaLa<sub>4</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>F via co-sensitization of vacancy defect and Ce<sup>3</sup>.","authors":"Xianzheng Pang, Siguo Xiao, Chuting Zeng, Xiaoliang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-activated purple luminescence at 385 nm originating in vacancy defects in NaLa₄(SiO₄)₃F synthesized under reducing atmosphere is observed under excitation of 320 nm for the first time. Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions doped in NaLa₄(SiO₄)₃F exhibit PLE and PL spectra that are highly similar to the vacancy defects in it. The emission intensity of Tb<sup>3+</sup> and Dy<sup>3+</sup> doped in NaLa₄(SiO₄)₃F can be improved by 11 and 7.5 times under 315 nm excitation, caused by the co-sensitization energy transfers from vacancy defects and Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions to Tb<sup>3+</sup> and Dy<sup>3+</sup> ions. By adjusting the concentrations of Tb<sup>3+</sup> and Dy<sup>3+</sup>, the luminescence color of NaLa₄(SiO₄)₃F: Ce<sup>3+</sup>, Tb<sup>3+</sup> and NaLa₄(SiO₄)₃F: Ce<sup>3+</sup>, Dy<sup>3+</sup> phosphors can be tuned from violet to green and from violet to white, respectively. It is found that the NaLa₄(SiO₄)₃F: Ce<sup>3+</sup>, Tb<sup>3+</sup>/Dy<sup>3+</sup> series phosphors exhibit potential application prospects in ultraviolet pc-WLEDs, optical temperature sensing and fluorescence anticounterfeit.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127040"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An environmentally friendly turn-on ethyl cellulose-based fluorescent sensor with high selectivity and sensitivity for detection of hydrazine and its applications in biological and environmental systems.","authors":"Liangjuan Shi, Zhiyuan Meng, Huan Huang, Zhilin Zhu, Yiran Zhang, Zhonglong Wang, Yiqin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrazine (N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>), one of the common industrial chemicals, possesses not only wide application field, but also causes serious threats to the environment and human beings. It is necessary to establish a simple, rapid and accurate method for detection of N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> in the environment and living organism. In this work, a flavonol derivative-grafted ethyl cellulose-based fluorescent probe EC-OME was designed and synthesized for the efficient detection of N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> using ethyl cellulose and flavonol derivatives as the raw materials. The structure of EC-OME was characterized with FT-IR, and the fluorescence properties of EC-OME to N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. It was verified that this probe has good selectivity, anti-interference ability and photostability with a detection limit for N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> as low as 0.229 μM and a response time of 30 min, which can be used for determining N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> in real environmental water and soil samples. Furthermore, probe EC-OME has been successfully applied to the fluorescence imaging of N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> in live zebrafish, showing the great potential for environmental trace N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145288074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mao-Ling Luo, Guo-Ying Chen, Tong-Qing Chai, Lei Xu, Feng-Qing Yang
{"title":"PCN-224-based fluorescent nanozymes with dual enzyme-like activities for heavy metal ions detection.","authors":"Mao-Ling Luo, Guo-Ying Chen, Tong-Qing Chai, Lei Xu, Feng-Qing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Building upon the newly discovered phosphatase (PPA)-like activity of Zr(IV)-based PCN-224, a ratiometric fluorescence probe was developed for the sensitive Cd(II) detection, achieving a wide detection range of 0.05-40 μM. Furthermore, a composite nanomaterial (CeO<sub>2</sub>/PCN-224) that integrates the multiple enzyme-like properties of cerium dioxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) with the luminescence of PCN-224 was innovatively engineered and applied for As(V) and Pb(II) detection. The composite exhibits enhanced PPA-like activity, catalyzing the hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate disodium salt (4-MUP) to generate the blue fluorescent product (4-MU, λ<sub>em</sub> = 450 nm). As(V) detection was achieved through specific As-O-Ce binding that can induce noncompetitive inhibition of 4-MUP hydrolysis, showing a linear response from 0.5 to 70 μM. Additionally, the peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity and intrinsic fluorescence of CeO<sub>2</sub>/PCN-224 facilitate Pb(II) quantification via a dual-response system. Specifically, Pb(II) simultaneously enhances the catalytic generation of reactive oxygen species (O<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup>) while inducing both static and dynamic fluorescence quenching effects through distinct coordination pathways. Therefore, a precise ratiometric fluorescence probe of I<sub>565 nm</sub>/I<sub>650 nm</sub> was developed for Pb(II) detection from 0.05 to 5 μM and 5 to 9 μM. In addition, the validation studies confirm accurate detection of both As(V) and Pb(II) in real water and soil samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145277049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Terahertz fingerprints of BNA crystal: Anisotropic absorption of low-frequency modes and its impact on terahertz generation efficiency.","authors":"Yin Li, Jiaqing Li, Jun Hu, Liner Zou, Shimin Yang, Changqing Zhong, Guohong Dai, Yun Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-frequency vibrational modes of organic terahertz (THz) generator crystals significantly impact their THz emission efficiencies. In this work, experimental THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and solid-state density functional theory (DFT) calculation are combined to investigate anisotropic THz absorption and characteristics of low-frequency vibrations of N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (BNA). Experimental spectral results reveal that BNA has strong polarization-dependent absorption peaks in the range of 0.5-3.5 THz. Theoretical calculations have identified the low-frequency vibrational modes responsible for strong absorption, such as the 2.46-THz mode along the z-axis and 3.16-THz mode along the x-axis. Quantitative analysis has further revealed their motional features. Numerical simulations demonstrate anisotropic phonon absorption reduces THz yield at 1.18-2.17 THz range, but enables thickness scaling, while strongly suppressing 2.65-3.48 THz generation requiring optimal thickness. These findings provide critical insights for designing high-efficiency organic THz sources by mitigating phonon losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-signal fluorescence and colorimetric sensor based on N,P co-doped carbon dots for selective detection of doxycycline.","authors":"Dajie Zou, Chenyan Lu, Huan Wang, Yongchang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doxycycline (DOXY) is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic. It is widely used in the treatment of various infectious diseases. However, the excessive use of doxycycline may result in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, environmental contamination, and drug residues in food products. Therefore, developing a sensitive and efficient method is crucial for the accurate detection and monitoring of DOXY. In this study, a novel fluorescent probe based on nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon dots (N,P-CDs) was synthesized with solvothermal processing. The resulting N,P-CDs showed a uniform particle size distribution, excellent water solubility, and high stability, with a fluorescence quantum yield of 34.7 %. The dual-signal sensing system was in the \"ON\" state when the N,P-CDs exhibited a fluorescence peak at 474 nm (under the optimal excitation wavelength of 380 nm) and a UV-vis absorption peak at 334 nm. Upon the introduction of DOXY, the fluorescence intensity of the N,P-CDs decreased significantly. At the same time, the absorbance increased notably, corresponding an \"ON-OFF\" transition in fluorescence and an enhanced colorimetric response. Meanwhile, sodium fluoride (NaF) was introduced into the system as a masking agent to suppress ferric ion (Fe<sup>3+</sup>) interference, thereby improving the recognition ability toward DOXY. Based on this, a dual-signal fluorescence-colorimetric sensing system using N,P-CDs was constructed for DOXY detection. The fluorescence sensing system exhibited a good linear range from 3.348 to 109.308 μM with a detection limit of 1.5273 μM (LOD, S/N = 3). The colorimetric sensing system showed a linear range from 1.609 to 31.448 μM with a detection limit of 0.0295 μM(LOD, S/N = 3). This dual-signal sensing platform was successfully applied to detect DOXY in real samples including human serum, Beichuanhe River, laboratory water, milk, and orange juice. The results demonstrated its promising potential for environmental monitoring and bioanalytical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127041"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali M Alaseem, Glowi Alasiri, Al-Montaser Bellah H Ali, Ramadan Ali, Mohamed M El-Wekil
{"title":"Engineered copper-doped carbon dots as peroxidase-mimetic platform for ratiometric fluorescence and colorimetric sensing of anti-cancer drug Ara-C: A new strategy for clinical bioanalysis.","authors":"Ali M Alaseem, Glowi Alasiri, Al-Montaser Bellah H Ali, Ramadan Ali, Mohamed M El-Wekil","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.127011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2025.127011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytarabine (Ara-C) is a frontline chemotherapeutic agent for acute myeloid leukemia and related hematological malignancies; however, its narrow therapeutic window, rapid metabolic clearance, and pronounced interpatient variability necessitate the development of robust analytical tools for precise monitoring in both pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids. To address this challenge, copper-doped nitrogen carbon dots (Cu-NCDs) were engineered for colorimetric and fluorometric Ara-C detection. The Cu-NCDs integrate peroxidase-mimetic activity with inherent fluorescence, enabling simultaneous colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescence readouts for cross-validated sensing. Copper doping introduced atomically dispersed Cu centers and nitrogen defects, which enhanced catalytic efficiency by accelerating H₂O₂ activation into •OH radicals and facilitating electron transfer, while also amplifying fluorescence intensity. Mechanistically, Ara-C selectively chelated Cu centers, thereby inhibiting catalytic activity, and concurrently modulated the inner filter effect (IFE) with the oxidized OPD product, 2, 3-diaminophenazine (DAP), resulting in distinct dual-mode signal transduction. The platform achieved ultralow detection limits of 8.5 nM (colorimetric) and 4.0 nM (fluorescence), with recovery rates of 98.0-103.0 % in pharmaceutical injections, human serum, and urine. These findings establish Cu-NCDs as a powerful sensing platform with high selectivity, stability, and translational potential for clinical diagnostics, therapeutic drug monitoring, and bioanalytical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94213,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy","volume":"347 ","pages":"127011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}