Radiologia最新文献

{"title":"An updated review of intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma","authors":"V. Pai ,&nbsp;C. Parra-Fariñas ,&nbsp;F. Shaikh ,&nbsp;A. Mallipatna ,&nbsp;C. Zaarour ,&nbsp;P. Muthusami","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common pediatric ocular malignancy and causes high mortality if left untreated. An accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment are of utmost importance, leading to optimal clinical outcomes. RB treatment has evolved over the years with a paradigm shift from life-saving enucleation to globe- and vision-sparing strategies. Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) has become an essential and effective pillar in the management of RB. It has gained popularity as it is a targeted chemotherapeutic agent infusion technique achieved via superselective ophthalmic artery (OA) catheterisation. This improves tumour treatment and reduces recurrence and systemic side effects. In addition, it is often performed as an outpatient procedure, reducing the need for prolonged hospital stays and improving the overall patient experience. In this review, we discuss the history of IAC as well as its technical evolution, outcomes, potential complications and limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 2","pages":"Pages 162-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroinmunological diseases in paediatric patients: New entities and update","authors":"A. Aguado del Hoyo,&nbsp;M. Sánchez Pérez,&nbsp;M. Vázquez López,&nbsp;L. Vara de Andrés,&nbsp;Á. Lancharro Zapata,&nbsp;Y. Ruiz Martín","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroinmunological diseases are a broad heterogeneous group of inflammatory disorders in which damage to the central nervous system occurs as a result of immune system abnormalities that can be caused by various pathogenic mechanisms. This may be produced by the presence of autoantibodies, mediated by cells, triggered by infections and paraneoplastic processes, or have a genetic cause.</div><div>Radiologists should be familiar with these diseases and be able to perform a differential diagnosis, as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment with immunotherapy can modify the course of the disease in some cases.</div><div>This update has two objectives:</div><div>Review the most common entities within each group, including demyelinating diseases, autoimmune encephalitis, lupus erythematosus, Rasmussen's encephalitis, and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.</div><div>Describe key imaging features that aid in the differential diagnosis between different entities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 2","pages":"Pages 176-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of central nervous system involvement in patients undergoing chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T-cell therapy by magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"F.D. Choque-Chávez ,&nbsp;A. Jareño-Badenas ,&nbsp;D. Benítez-Ribas ,&nbsp;L. Oleaga","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Chimeric antigen receptor-engineered (CAR) T-cell therapy is an effective immunotherapy for aggressive hematologic cancers. However, it can lead to complications such as immune effector cell-associated </span>neurotoxicity syndrome<span><span> (ICANS), or complications related to the immunosuppressive status of these patients. The role of imaging in this context is essential to help in ICANS diagnosis and to rule out other potential diagnosis, such as </span>central nervous system infections. Two cases are presented to illustrate this clinical problem.</span></div></div><div><h3>Case 1</h3><div><span><span><span>describes a 38-year-old patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who developed ICANS after CAR T-cell therapy. MRI revealed signs of </span>leukoencephalopathy. Case 2 involves a 57-year-old patient with mantle-cell lymphoma who presented </span>neurologic symptoms -clinically suggestive of ICANS- after CAR-T therapy. MRI showed signs indicative of </span>limbic encephalitis.</div><div>These two cases highlight the importance of MRI in clinical practice after CAR T-Cell Therapy underscoring the role of MRI in the diagnosis of complications in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 91-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139296148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on ethical aspects in clinical research: Addressing concerns in the development of new AI tools in radiology","authors":"A. Gomes Lima Junior ,&nbsp;M.F. Lucena Karbage ,&nbsp;P.A. Nascimento","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The analysis of ethical aspects in clinical research has always been a challenge and has required constant updates.</div><div>In short, research ethics is the set of specific principles, rules, and norms of behavior that a research community has decided are appropriate and fair under the premise that research must be valid, reliable, legitimate, and representative.</div><div>This non-systematic review brings some ethical concerns that should be considered within the scientific community. Many studies and the development of new artificial intelligence (AI) tools, especially in radiology, make it necessary for the radiology research community to promote debates and establish ethical standards for the practice and development of new AI tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 85-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT myocardial perfusion and FFR-CT for the assessment of coronary artery disease","authors":"A. Ezponda ,&nbsp;F.M. Caballeros Lam ,&nbsp;G. Bastarrika Alemañ","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CT coronary angiography is the most reliable non-invasive imaging technique for ruling out coronary artery disease. However, its specificity is not high. Thus, when coronary stenosis of uncertain functional significance is detected, the recommendation is to perform complementary imaging tests to assess myocardial ischemia. CT myocardial perfusion imaging and CT fractional flow reserve provide added diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value to CT coronary angiography, by increasing its predictive value and facilitating therapeutic decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 101-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of transarterial embolization of iatrogenic renal artery pseudoaneurysms without or with arteriovenous fistula on renal function at 6-month follow-up","authors":"S. Groff ,&nbsp;G. Barbiero ,&nbsp;M. Battistel ,&nbsp;A.C. Frigo ,&nbsp;G. De Conti","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Transarterial embolization (TAE) is the gold standard treatment for iatrogenic renal artery pseudoaneurysms (PSA) and pseudoaneurysms with arteriovenous fistula (PSA + AVF), but its impact on renal function has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of the study is to assess the impact on of TAE on renal function and its technical and clinical effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Sixty-seven embolization procedures in 61 consecutive patients from December 2006 to October 2020 in two centers were retrospectively reviewed for the following parameters: technical and clinical success and failure, embolization materials, type and dimensions of vascular injuries, percentage of post-procedural ischemic renal parenchyma and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values before and 1 day after the surgical, percutaneous or endoscopic (SPE) procedure and before, 1 day after and 6 months after TAE.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 44 PSA and 23 PSA + AVF. Technical success was 95.5%, primary clinical success was 90.2% and secondary clinical success was 96.7%. Different embolization materials were used. A significant decrease of the eGFR was found after the SPE procedure. No significant difference was found between eGFR before and after TAE. A minimal significant improvement of the eGFR was found 6 months after TAE. Embolization of larger lesions resulted in larger post-procedural ischemic areas. PSA + AVF were significantly larger (p = 0.0142) and determined a larger post-procedural ischemic area. No correlation was found between dimensions, kind of vascular injury or post-procedural ischemic area and eGFR.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TAE has high technical and clinical success rates and does not affect renal function negatively, regardless of dimensions or kind of vascular injuries or post-procedural ischemic area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 3-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral blood flow alterations measured by ASL-MRI as a predictor of vascular dementia in small vessel ischemic disease","authors":"S. Kalantari ,&nbsp;M. Soltani ,&nbsp;M. Maghbooli ,&nbsp;F.S. Khoshe Mehr ,&nbsp;Z. Kalantari ,&nbsp;S. Borji ,&nbsp;B. Memari ,&nbsp;A. Hossein Heydari ,&nbsp;R. Elahi ,&nbsp;M. Bayat ,&nbsp;H. Salighehrad","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cerebral small vessel ischemic disease (SVID) as a common age-related morbidity is the key mechanism of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). This study uses Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured by pseudo-continuous ASL MRI in SVID patients with and without cognitive impairment to differentiate VCI from normal aging.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, 74 SVID patients, including 35 with diagnosed VCI and 39 without cognitive impairment (control) underwent pCASL-MRI in the resting state. ROI-based approach pre-processing, denoising techniques, and correction for partial volume effects were performed. Regional CBF was compared between severe cognitive impairment (SCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and SVID patients without cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Total and regional CBF values in the thalamus, left cortex, hippocampus, post cingulate cortex, precuneus, insula, putamen, and middle temporal lobe was lower in VCI compared to SVID, also in SCI compared MCI group. There was a linear correlation between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) z score and CBF in the thalamus region in SVID participants and between the MMSE z score and CBF in the medial temporal region in MCI participants. The medial temporal atrophy )MTA( z score was significantly correlated with CBF values in the hippocampus and medial temporal regions in SCI and MCI also a significant correlation was seen between total CBF and Fazekas score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Due to the growing prevalence of dementia and the role of CBF as a predictive biomarker, ASL-MRI as a non-invasive method can be easily added to diagnostic tools of cognitive impairment in individuals with SVID to recognize the initiation of vascular cognitive impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence after pulmonary vein ablation: Clinical and radiological risk factors","authors":"J.M. Castro-García ,&nbsp;J.J. Arenas-Jiménez ,&nbsp;A. Adarve-Castro ,&nbsp;H. Trigueros-Buil ,&nbsp;M.J. Garfias-Baladrón ,&nbsp;A. Ureña-Vacas","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. Previous studies have described that certain clinical characteristics such as age, obesity, the type of AF, and imaging-based factors, such as left atrial (LA) volume, mean density (calculated as the average of Hounsfield Units values in a certain región of interest), and volume of cardiac adipose tissue, may increase the risk of recurrence following pulmonary vein ablation. However, there have been contradictory results regarding radiological variables in previous studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate these clinical and radiological risk factors obtained from computed tomography (CT) studies.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective case-control study included all patients with AF who underwent initial radiofrequency or cryoablation of pulmonary veins after undergoing contrast-enhanced CT between 2017 and 2021. Clinical variables such as age, gender, comorbidities, medications used after ablation, type of AF, and radiological variables obtained from volumetric segmentation of CT studies were collected. Radiological variables included LA volume, mean density, and volume of epicardial, periatrial, and interatrial adipose tissue. The occurrence or absence of AF recurrence within 12 months after ablation was also recorded. These variables were subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis to evaluate the risk of recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the total number of included patients, 40 had paroxysmal AF and 12 had persistent AF. During the follow-up period, 12 patients (23.1%) experienced AF recurrence, while 40 patients (76.9%) remained in sinus rhythm. There were statistically significant differences in LA volume based on the type of AF, with higher volumes observed in patients with persistent AF (119.16 +/− 32.38 cc) compared to the rest (90.99 +/− 28.34 cc). Regarding the differences between patients with and without recurrence after ablation, only LA volume (p &lt; 0.05) and periatrial adipose tissue volume (p &lt; 0.01) were significantly higher in patients with recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The type of atrial fibrillation, increased left atrial volume, and increased periatrial adipose tissue volume are risk factors for recurrence in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing pulmonary vein ablation using cryoablation or radiofrequency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women and editorialism","authors":"S. Gomez-Pena","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone Beam computed tomography (CBCT) applications in image-guided minimally invasive procedures","authors":"E. Serrano ,&nbsp;J. Valcárcel José ,&nbsp;A. Páez-Carpio ,&nbsp;M. Matute-González ,&nbsp;M.F. Werner ,&nbsp;A. López-Rueda","doi":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rxeng.2023.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cone-Beam computed tomography (CBCT) obtains three-dimensional images using a two-dimensional detector. The use of CBCT in treatment planning and evaluation increases the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive procedures. This article reviews the technical considerations, main clinical applications, and future directions of CBCT in vascular and interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94185,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"Pages 38-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}