Psychology of sport and exercise最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Short Exercise Bouts on Error-related Negativity (ERN) and Academic Achievement in Children.","authors":"Eric S Drollette, Megan M O'Brokta, Praveen A Pasupathi, Andrew S Cornwall, Alexis B Slutsky-Ganesh, Jennifer L Etnier","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While short bouts of exercise are known to improve cognitive and academic performance in children, the underlying neural mechanisms driving these changes remain unclear. This study evaluates the effects of short (9-minutes) acute bouts of exercise (high intensity interval exercise, HIIE; moderate-intensity cycling) on error-related negativity (ERN), and academic achievement. School-aged children (n = 25; ages 9-12) participated in a within-subjects, crossover design, completing one of three conditions (HIIE, moderate-intensity cycling, and seated rest) on three separate days. ERN was measured using electroencephalography (EEG) during a flanker task. Academic achievement tests were completed following only HIIE and seated rest. HIIE significantly reduced ERN amplitude compared to both cycling and seated rest conditions, suggesting improved neural efficiency in error processing. Children also exhibited improved word recognition fluency following HIIE, with a positive trend observed for decoding fluency. These findings suggest that HIIE sessions can enhance neural markers of error processing and academic performance in children. Further research is necessary to explore the long-term effects and potential for broader cognitive improvements resulting from regular integration of HIIE interventions for children.</p>","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":" ","pages":"102847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association and Impact of Psychological and Social Factors on Physical Activity Levels amongst Women in the Australian WATCH Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Grace McKeon, Simon Rosenbaum, Tyson Whitten, Alvin Kuowei Tay, Batool Moussa, Fatima Hassoun, Susan Rees","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Regular physical activity is important for physical and mental health. Despite the benefits, over 30% of the global population do not meet the World Health Organisation (WHO) physical activity guidelines, with the risk greater for women, especially during reproductive years, compared to men. However, women of this age face many barriers to participation and there are significant gaps in our understanding of the impact of psychological and social adversity on participation levels. This study aimed to identify adversity factors associated with physical inactivity or reduced activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 623 women in the WATCH prospective cohort study, a representative sample of women recruited during the antenatal phase, including half from refugee backgrounds, were analyzed to assess the association between prior theoretically supported adversities (e.g., financial stress, living difficulties, intimate partner violence, refugee status and mental health issues) and current physical activity levels. Physical activity was assessed via self-report, using the physical activity vital sign. A categorical indicator was constructed to describe participants average activity per week based on WHO physical activity and muscle strengthening guidelines; inactive, below recommendation and at or exceeds recommendation. Binary multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the crude and demographically adjusted association between each variable and physical activity with. at or exceeds recommendation as the reference group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>N=122 (20%) of the total sample reported no physical activity (0 minutes) during the previous week. Meanwhile, n=445 (71%) engaged in some physical activity but did not meet the recommended guidelines, and n=56 (9%) met the guidelines. The odds of being inactive were significantly higher for women from refugee backgrounds OR= 5.79, 95% CI 2.70 to 12.41, p<0.001. In addition, women facing financial difficulties, previous trauma exposure, poor quality of life, living difficulties, disability, or mental health disorders had significantly higher odds of being inactive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High rates of physical inactivity among reproductive-age women were observed. Interventions aimed at increasing physical activity should consider adversity factors identified in this study which impact participation levels, including refugee status, trauma exposure, poor quality of life, living difficulties, disability, and mental health disorders in their design and implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":" ","pages":"102844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What determines (in)effective post-competition parent-child interactions in British Tennis? A conversation analysis of car journeys home.","authors":"Magnus Hamann, Sam N Thrower, Elizabeth Stokoe, Chris G Harwood","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although researchers have recently started to investigate naturally occurring parent-child interactions in youth sport, the use of orthographic transcription, combined with video coding or thematic analysis, overlooks the interactional features resulting in researchers potentially over-simplifying such interactions. The purpose of the current study, therefore, was to examine the naturally occurring parent-child interactions which unfold during the post-competition car journey within British tennis. Specifically, the research questions focused on identifying the parental communicative practices that constrain or afford affiliative and productive conversations about children's tennis performance. Audio and video recordings were collected from 13 parent-child dyads (n = 26) resulting in 4h 26mins of parent-child interactions. These recordings were transcribed using the Jefferson (2004) system for capturing the production, pace, and organisation of social interaction. Conversation analysis revealed that children resisted or disengaged from the interaction when parents attempted to review their child's performance by highlighting problems or areas for improvement. However, when children initiated conversations about their own performance, and parents aligned with such invitations, extended sequences of affiliative talk unfolded, irrespective of the result or outcome. From an applied perspective, these findings highlight the importance of post-competition discussions being a child-initiated and child-driven interactional practice which promotes ownership of their tennis development and performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":" ","pages":"102840"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Initial Investigation into the Mental Health Difficulties in Athletes who Experience Choking under Pressure.","authors":"Christopher Mesagno, Adwoah A Hammond, Matthew A Goodyear","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102663","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":"45 10","pages":"102663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise as the sum of our choices between behavioral alternatives: The Decisional Preferences in Exercising (DPEX) test.","authors":"Sinika Timme, Ralf Brand","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercising can be theorized as the result of choosing one behavior over alternative behaviors. The Decisional Preferences in Exercising (DPEX) test is a computerized, easy-to-use, publicly available (open source Python code: https://osf.io/ahbjr/) and highly adaptive research tool based on this rationale. In the DPEX, participants are asked to choose between two images by pressing a key on the computer keyboard, one showing a physical exercise and the other showing a non-exercise behavioral alternative in a series of trials. Combinations are randomly assembled from two definable pools of stimuli trial-per-trial. The test can be scored either based on a crossed random effects model (facilitating the use of different stimulus material in different studies without compromising the comparability of test scores) or with a simple proportion score. Data from diverse study samples (N = 451) showed strong correlations of DPEX scores with past and future exercise behavior (r = 0.42 and 0.47 respectively) as well as with affective experiences with exercise (e.g., 'pleasure-displeasure': r = 0.47). DPEX test scores discriminated between exercisers and non-exercisers according to receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. The DPEX may be used to examine research questions derived from dual process theories, the effects of psychological states on behavioral choices can be tested, or the effects of behavior change interventions can be evaluated. The DPEX helps to avoid common method bias in the assessment of exercise behavior, for example, when psychological variables are measured with questionnaires.</p>","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":" ","pages":"102509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48986442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transtheoretical model's processes of change in the heart of a physical activity intervention: A series of n-of-1.","authors":"Josyanne Lapointe, P. Bernard, A. Romain","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/qxnsc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qxnsc","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives were a) to test whether a Processes of Change (POC)-personalized Transtheoretical model (TTM)-based intervention could increase physical activity (PA) among inactive adults, and b) to examine whether the intervention increased the level of TTM theoretical constructs. The following hypotheses were formulated: 1) PA levels will be significantly higher during and after the intervention in comparison to baseline measures; 2) the level of targeted POCs will increase during the intervention; 3) non targeted POCs will stay stable, and 4) self-efficacy and decisional balance levels will increase during the intervention. A series of N-of-1 with A (1 to 2-week)-B(10-week)-A'(2-week) design were conducted with 12 inactive adults. Behavioral counselors used behavior change techniques to target TTM constructs and supervise PA. Interventions were individualized based on the 5 POCs with the lowest pre-intervention level. Device-based and subjective PA along with TTM measures were collected weekly online. PA data were analyzed with piecewise linear models. A visual analysis was run to examine the TTM constructs. Device, self-reported and TTM data were available for five, seven and five participants, respectively. A significant self-reported PA increase for six participants was found during the phase B and A2. A significant device-measured PA increase was observed in two participants during the study. A substantial increase of targeted POC from baseline for all participants with available data was observed. This study provides the first evidence of behavioral and psychological effects of a POC-personalized TTM-based intervention in inactive adults.","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":"67 1","pages":"102430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43653555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of an Authentic Coaching Intervention on Athlete Outcomes: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial","authors":"E. Malloy, M. Kavussanu","doi":"10.1016/J.PSYCHSPORT.2021.101957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSYCHSPORT.2021.101957","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":"1 1","pages":"101957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/J.PSYCHSPORT.2021.101957","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41420373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memories of School Recess Predict Physical Activity Enjoyment and Social-Emotional Well-being in Adults","authors":"William V. Massey, Alexandra Szarabajko, Janelle Thalken, Deanna Perez, S. Mullen","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/qfnhm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qfnhm","url":null,"abstract":"School recess can provide social, emotional, and physical benefits for children. Yet, not all children experience recess the same, as inequity in access to recess and variability in the quality of recess exist. Researchers have yet to understand the long-term implications of recess experiences on adult well-being and physical activity behaviors. The purpose of this study was to explore the inter-relationships between memories of recess, physical activity, and social-emotional well-being. A total of 514 adults between the ages of 19 and 79 (M = 45.56; SD = 15.62) were surveyed via Prolific, a web-based research platform. Participants were asked about their memories of recess enjoyment and recess exclusion, physical activity levels, physical activity enjoyment, social isolation, social role satisfaction, and sense of meaning and purpose. Structural equation modeling analysis showed that memories of recess enjoyment was associated with meaning and purpose (β = .140, p < .05) and PA enjoyment (β = .209, p < .05). Furthermore, recess exclusion predicted current social isolation (β = .300, p< .05) and was negatively associated with recess enjoyment (β = -.445, p< .05). Findings highlight the importance of childhood recess experiences and its impact on subsequent physical activity behaviors, social isolation, and meaning and purpose later in life. Consistent with other research, early positive activity experiences, in the form of recess, appears to provide more assurances that one will engage in healthier lifestyle behaviors and more favorable psycho-socio-emotional profiles in adulthood.","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42975556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding and building clean(er) sport together: Community-based participatory research with elite athletes and anti-doping organisations from five European countries","authors":"A. Petróczi, A. Heyes, S. Thrower, L. Martinelli, I. Boardley, S. Backhouse","doi":"10.31236/osf.io/7wqbp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31236/osf.io/7wqbp","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we give voice to athletes and explore what ‘clean’ means for them in elite sport. Working together with elite athletes and National Anti-Doping Organisations (NADOs) in five European countries, we investigated the meaning and importance of ‘clean sport’ and ‘clean athlete identity’ from the athletes’ perspectives. With athletes as co-researchers, we conducted focus group interviews involving 82 athletes from Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Slovenia and the UK. The results show that clean athlete identity – which is a strong protection against doping and cheating in sport - is a social endeavour, which should be reflected in anti-doping interventions. Athletes’ accounts suggest that clean athlete identity is reinforced, but not created, by values-based (anti-doping) education. Whilst clean athlete identity is universally rooted in upbringing, early experiences and love of sport; definition of clean performance enhancement is highly idiosyncratic. Both problems and solutions in anti-doping were identified as systemic. Participatory research with athletes and stakeholders is a feasible and rewarding avenue for sport organisations with responsibility for anti-doping for athlete involvement.","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44221182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale (PEAS) reached ‘adulthood’: Lessons and recommendations from a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Dirk Folkerts, Roland Loh, A. Petróczi, Sebastian Brueckner","doi":"10.31236/osf.io/k6gye","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31236/osf.io/k6gye","url":null,"abstract":"Research on doping attitude has relied heavily on the Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale (PEAS). Yet, to date, no systematic review and meta-analysis of the PEAS have been conducted. Thus, the purpose of this study is, for the first time, to cumulate evidence for the psychometric properties of PEAS; specifically to conduct a qualitative synthesis and perform a meta-analysis to analyze the available results and findings for internal consistency reliability, gender differences and user/non-user differences in doping attitude assessed by the PEAS. The meta-analysis showed good level of internal consistency reliability for the PEAS. Overall, negative doping attitude characterized the athlete population, regardless of gender or involvement in doping. The latter, coupled with sole reliance on self-reports, questions the validity of PEAS as proxy for indexing doping behavior; and calls for a more nuanced understanding of the role of attitudes toward doping and clean sport behaviour.","PeriodicalId":94181,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of sport and exercise","volume":"1 1","pages":"101999"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42867786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}