Canadian respiratory journal最新文献

{"title":"Pulmonary Manifestations of Primary Humoral Deficiencies","authors":"A. Casal, V. Riveiro, J. Suárez-Antelo, L. Ferreiro, N. Rodríguez-Núñez, A. Lama, M. Toubes, L. Valdés","doi":"10.1155/2022/7140919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7140919","url":null,"abstract":"Primary immunodeficiencies are a group of conditions characterized by developmental or functional alterations in the immune system caused by hereditary genetic defects. Primary immunodeficiencies may affect either the innate or the adaptive (humoral and cellular) immune system. Pulmonary complications in primary humoral deficiencies are frequent and varied and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The types of complications include bronchiectasis secondary to recurrent respiratory infections and interstitial pulmonary involvement, which can be associated with autoimmune cytopenias, lymphoproliferation, and a range of immunological manifestations. Early detection is key to timely management. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy reduces the severity of disease, the frequency of exacerbations, and hospital admissions in some primary humoral deficiencies. Therefore, the presence of pulmonary disease with concomitant infectious and/or autoimmune complications should raise suspicion of primary humoral deficiencies and warrants a request for immunoglobulin determination in blood. Once diagnosis is confirmed; early immunoglobulin replacement therapy will improve the course of the disease. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease related to primary humoral deficiencies and favor the development of targeted therapies that improve the prognosis of patients.","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43640511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of CRP, Procalcitonin, Neutrophil Counts, Eosinophil Counts, sTREM-1, and OPN between Pneumonic and Nonpneumonic Exacerbations in COPD Patients","authors":"S. Mou, Wei Zhang, Y. Deng, Zhi-Jing Tang, Depeng Jiang","doi":"10.1155/2022/7609083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7609083","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) could have a higher risk of acute and severe respiratory illness than those without CAP in AECOPD. Consequently, early identification of pneumonia in AECOPD is quite important. Methods. 52 subjects with AECOPD + CAP and 93 subjects with AECOPD from two clinical centers were enrolled in this prospective observational study. The values of osteopontin (OPN), soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), eosinophil (EOS) counts, and neutrophil (Neu) counts in blood on the first day of admission and clinical symptoms were compared in AECOPD and AECOPD + CAP. In addition, subgroup analyses of biomarker difference were conducted based on the current use of inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS) or systemic corticosteroids (SCS). Results Patients with AECOPD + CAP had increased sputum volume, sputum purulence, diabetes mellitus, and longer hospital stays than AECOPD patients (p < 0.05). A clinical logistic regression model showed among the common clinical symptoms, purulent sputum can independently predict pneumonia in AECOPD patients after adjusting for a history of diabetes. At day 1, AECOPD + CAP patients had higher values of Neu, CRP, PCT, and OPN, while serum sTREM-1 levels and EOS counts were similar in the two groups. CRP fared best at predicting AECOPD with CAP (p < 0.05 for the test of difference), while OPN had similar accuracy with Neu, PCT, and purulent sputum (p > 0.05 for the test of difference). Multivariate analysis, including clinical symptoms and biomarkers, suggested that CRP ≥15.8 mg/dL at day 1 was a only promising predictor of pneumonia in AECOPD. CRP and OPN were not affected by ICS or SCS. Conclusions CRP ≥15.8 mg/dL is an ideal promising predictor of pneumonia in AECOPD, and its plasma level is not affected by ICS or SCS. The diagnostic performance of CRP is not significantly improved when combined with clinical symptoms or other markers (OPN, PCT, and Neu).","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45304797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Prone Positioning for Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Pulmonary Contusion: A Single-Center Retrospective Study","authors":"Xiaoyi Liu, Hui Liu, Shilian Liu, Wen-zhu Zhou, Qing Lan, J. Duan, Xue Li, Xiangde Zheng","doi":"10.1155/2022/4579030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4579030","url":null,"abstract":"Background The effects of prone positioning (PP) on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by pulmonary contusion (PC) are unclear. We sought to determine the efficacy of PP among patients whose ARDS was caused by PC. Methods A retrospective observational study was performed at an intensive care unit (ICU) from January 2017 to June 2021. ARDS patients with PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) < 150 mmHg were enrolled. During the study period, we enrolled 121 patients in the PP group and 117 in the control group. The changes in vital signs, laboratory tests, and compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) were recorded for 3 consecutive days. The mechanical ventilation time, duration of ICU stay, complications, extubation rate, 28-day ventilator-free days, and mortality were also recorded. Results In the PP group, the P/F and Crs increased over time. Compared to the control group, the P/F and Crs improved in the PP group over 3 consecutive days (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the PP group also had shorter total mechanical ventilation time (5.1 ± 1.4 vs. 9.3 ± 3.1 days, P < 0.05) and invasive ventilation time (4.9 ± 1.2 vs. 8.7 ± 2.7 days, P < 0.05), shorter ICU stay (7.4 ± 1.8 vs. 11.5 ± 3.6days, P < 0.05), higher extubation rate (95.6% vs. 84.4%, P < 0.05), less atelectasis (15 vs. 74, P < 0.05) and pneumothorax (17 vs. 24, P > 0.05), more 28-day ventilator-free days (21.6 ± 5.2 vs. 16.2 ± 7.2 days, P < 0.05), and lower mortality (4.4% vs. 13.3%, P < 0.05). Conclusions Among PC cases with moderate to severe ARDS, PP can correct hypoxemia more quickly, improve Crs, reduce atelectasis, increase the extubation rate, shorten mechanical ventilation time and length of ICU stay, and reduce mortality.","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47254732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Myxovirus Resistance Protein-1 Immunoglobulin A Autoantibody in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","authors":"T. Arai, M. Hirose, Y. Hamano, T. Kagawa, A. Murakami, H. Kida, A. Kumanogoh, Y. Inoue","doi":"10.1155/2022/1107673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1107673","url":null,"abstract":"Background We have previously analysed serum autoantibody levels in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP), and healthy controls and identified the autoantibody against anti-myxovirus resistance protein-1 (MX1) to be a specific autoantibody in iNSIP. We found that a higher anti-MX1 autoantibody level was a significant predictor of a good prognosis in patients with non-IPF idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. In this retrospective study, we sought to clarify the prognostic significance of the anti-MX1 autoantibody in IPF. Methods We measured anti-MX1 immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, and IgM autoantibody levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum collected at the time of diagnosis from 71 patients with IPF diagnosed according to the 2018 IPF guideline. The gender-age-physiology (GAP) index was calculated in each case. Results The study population (59 men and 12 women) had a median age of 67 years. Serum anti-MX1 IgG and IgA autoantibody levels correlated positively with GAP stage (p < 0.05). Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis did not identify an elevated anti-MX1 IgG, IgA, or IgM autoantibody level as a significant prognostic factor; however, a higher anti-MX1 IgA autoantibody level heralded significantly poorer survival after adjustment for GAP stage (p=0.030) and for percent forced vital capacity and modified Medical Research Council score (p=0.018). Neither the anti-MX1 IgG autoantibody nor the IgM autoantibody could predict survival after these adjustments. Conclusions The serum anti-MX1 IgA autoantibody level is a significant prognostic factor in IPF. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiological role of this autoantibody in IPF.","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48742396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality Predictive Value of APACHE II and SOFA Scores in COVID-19 Patients in the Intensive Care Unit","authors":"M. Beigmohammadi, Laya Amoozadeh, Forough Rezaei Motlagh, M. Rahimi, Maziar Maghsoudloo, Behzad Jafarnejad, B. Eslami, M. Salehi, K. Zendehdel","doi":"10.1155/2022/5129314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5129314","url":null,"abstract":"Background COVID-19 pandemic has become a global dilemma since December 2019. Are the standard scores, such as acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, accurate for predicting the mortality rate of COVID-19 or the need for new scores? We aimed to evaluate the mortality predictive value of APACHE II and SOFA scores in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods In a cohort study, we enrolled 204 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care units at the Imam Khomeini hospital complex. APACHE II on the first day and daily SOFA scoring were performed. The primary outcome was the mortality rate in the nonsurvived and survived groups, and the secondary outcome was organ dysfunction. Two groups of survived and nonsurvived patients were compared by the chi-square test for categorical variables and an independent sample t-test for continuous variables. We used logistic regression models to estimate the mortality risk of high APACHE II and SOFA scores. Result Among 204 severe COVID-19 patients, 114 patients (55.9%) expired and 169 patients (82.8%) had at least one comorbidity that 103 (60.9%) of them did not survive (P=0.002). Invasive mechanical ventilation and its duration were significantly different between survived and nonsurvived groups (P ≤ 0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). Mean APACHE II and mean SOFA scores were significantly higher in the nonsurvived than in the survived group (14.4 ± 5.7 vs. 9.5 ± 5.1, P ≤ 0.001, 7.3 ± 3.1 vs. 3.1 ± 1.1, P ≤ 0.001, respectively). The area under the curve was 89.5% for SOFA and 73% for the APACHE II score. Respiratory diseases and malignancy were risk factors for the mortality rate (P=0.004 and P=0.007, respectively) against diabetes and hypertension. Conclusion The daily SOFA was a better mortality predictor than the APACHE II in critically ill COVID-19 patients. But they could not predict death with high accuracy. We need new scoring with consideration of the prognostic factors and daily evaluation of changes in clinical conditions.","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47105978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing the Stability of Blood Eosinophils Counts in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.","authors":"Cheng-Sen Cai, Jun Wang","doi":"10.1155/2022/8369521","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/8369521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blood eosinophil (EOS) has recently been recognized as a biomarker for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. However, few studies have concentrated on the stability of blood eosinophil counts (BEC), and those studies have produced varying results. With further research, we have found minor drawbacks and vulnerabilities that lead to the variability of the results. This paper enumerates several areas of relevant research with varying conclusions to further investigate the stability of BEC in COPD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8977339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46813085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Impairment in Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity among Patients with Noncystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis.","authors":"Kaijun Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Zou,&nbsp;Zhiyi Ma,&nbsp;Xiaohong Liu,&nbsp;Chencheng Qiu,&nbsp;Lingyan Xie,&nbsp;Zhaosheng Lin,&nbsp;Saiyu Li,&nbsp;Yongming Wu","doi":"10.1155/2022/8175508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8175508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity among patients with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) and compare the predictive value of several scoring systems for the impairment in these patients. Between July 2019 and June 2021, patients who were admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with NCFB were included in this study. Clinical data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. A total of 175 NCFB patients were included in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity diagnosed by carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) <80% prediction was associated with age, Reiff score, body mass index (BMI), comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Disease duration, frequency of exacerbation, hemoglobin level, and COPD were independent risk factors for impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity diagnosed by DLCO/alveolar volume (VA) <80% prediction. Age, Reiff score, and smoking status were independent risk factors for decreased VA diagnosed by VA <80% prediction. The areas under the curve (AUC) for discrimination of DLCO <80% prediction were 0.822 (0.760-0.885) for Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI), 0.787 (0.718-0.856) for FACED, 0.795 (0.729-0.863) for E-FACED, and 0.767 (0.694-0.839) for modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scores; the AUC for discrimination of DLCO/VA <80% prediction was 0.803 (0.727-0.880) for BSI, 0.752 (0.669-0.835) for FACED, 0.757 (0.676-0.839) for E-FACED, and 0.762 (0.679-0.845) for mMRC, respectively. The BSI had the largest AUC, but the differences between those scoring systems had no statistical significance (<i>P</i>=0.181 for DLCO <80% prediction and <i>P</i>=0.105 for DLCO/VA <80% prediction). The mMRC score (up to 2 grades) showed a high specificity for discriminating diffusing dysfunction (88.3% for DLCO <80% prediction and 76.1% for DLCO/VA <80% prediction). In NCFB patients, several factors such as age, Reiff score, BMI, exacerbation frequency, disease duration, and comorbid COPD and ILD were associated with impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity, which requires more attention in managing those patients. In addition, several scoring methods, including a simple index of mMRC, showed a comparable and moderate performance for predicting pulmonary diffusing impairment and would facilitate the systematic evaluation of the diffusing capacity of NCFB patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8926517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40308746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained Impairment in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Capacity Testing in Patients after COVID-19: A Single Center Experience","authors":"G. Evers, A. Schulze, Irina Osiaevi, Kimon Harmening, R. Vollenberg, R. Wiewrodt, R. Pistulli, M. Boentert, P. Tepasse, J. Sindermann, A. Yilmaz, M. Mohr","doi":"10.1155/2022/2466789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2466789","url":null,"abstract":"Background Following COVID-19, patients often present with ongoing symptoms comparable to chronic fatigue and subjective deterioration of exercise capacity (EC), which has been recently described as postacute COVID-19 syndrome. Objective To objectify the reduced EC after COVID-19 and to evaluate for pathologic limitations. Methods Thirty patients with subjective limitation of EC performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). If objectively limited in EC or deteriorated in oxygen pulse, we offered cardiac stress magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a follow-up CPET. Results Eighteen male and 12 female patients were included. Limited relative EC was detected in 11/30 (36.7%) patients. Limitation correlated with reduced body weight-indexed peak oxygen (O2) uptake (peakV̇O2/kg) (mean 74.7 (±7.1) % vs. 103.6 (±14.9) %, p < 0.001). Reduced peakV̇O2/kg was found in 18/30 (60.0%) patients with limited EC. Patients with reduced EC widely presented an impaired maximum O2 pulse (75.7% (±5.6) vs. 106.8% (±13.9), p < 0.001). Abnormal gas exchange was absent in all limited EC patients. Moreover, no patient showed signs of reduced pulmonary perfusion. Using cardiac MRI, diminished biventricular ejection fraction was ruled out in 16 patients as a possible cause for reduced O2 pulse. Despite noncontrolled training exercises, follow-up CPET did not reveal any exercise improvements. Conclusions Deterioration of EC was not associated with ventilatory or pulmonary vascular limitation. Exercise limitation was related to both reduced O2 pulse and peakV̇O2/kg, which, however, did not correlate with the initial severity of COVID-19. We hypothesize that impaired microcirculation or limited peripheral O2 utilization might be causative for prolonged deterioration of EC following acute COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64773760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EKOS™ Jena Experience: Safety, Feasibility, and Midterm Outcomes of Percutaneous Ultrasound-Assisted Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in Patients with Intermediate-High-Risk or High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism.","authors":"Friederike Klein, Sven Möbius-Winkler, Laura Bäz, Rüdiger Pfeifer, Michael Fritzenwanger, Stefan Heymel, Marcus Franz, Pawel Aftanski, P Christian Schulze, Daniel Kretzschmar","doi":"10.1155/2022/7135958","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/7135958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Percutaneous catheter-based ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis (UACDT) is recommended for patients with intermediate-high-risk or high-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) in whom systemic thrombolysis has failed or is contraindicated.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the safety and efficiency of UACDT in patients with intermediate-high-risk or high-risk PE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between October 2017 and January 2020, we performed UACDT using the EkoSonic™ Endovascular System (EKOS™) in 51 patients (21 males, age 63 ± 18 years) with a sPESI of 1.3 ± 0.7. The EKOS™-catheter was implanted within 24 h after admission. Over 15 hours, 11.5 mg of alteplase was administered per catheter. We evaluated right ventricular stress and cardiac biomarkers before and after UACDT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>24 h post-UACDT, median RV/LV ratio decreased from 1.13 to 0.96 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the mean sPAP decreased from 47 ± 3 to 32 ± 2 mmHg + CVP (<i>p</i> < 0.0002). There were 6 major bleeding events resulting in transfusion. No stroke, myocardial infarction, right heart decompensation, or recurrent PE occurred. 31 patients (63%) were discharged without any signs of right ventricular stress. After at least 3 months, 73% of our patients did not show any signs of right ventricular dysfunction. The mean RV/LV ratio decreased to 0.75 ± 0.03 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) in comparison with pre-UACDT, sPAP to 23  mmHg + CVP (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and BNP to 40 pg/ml (<i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The treatment with UACDT reduced right heart stress during the first 24 hours and midterm in patients with intermediate-high-risk or high-risk PE at an acceptable rate of severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8898866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47430209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of <i>GSTM1</i> and <i>GSTT1</i> Null Genotypes with Toluene Diisocyanate-Induced Asthma.","authors":"Jong-Uk Lee,&nbsp;Ji-Yeon Jeong,&nbsp;Min Kyung Kim,&nbsp;Sun A Min,&nbsp;Jong-Sook Park,&nbsp;Choon-Sik Park","doi":"10.1155/2022/7977937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7977937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) causes occupational asthma by generating oxidative stress, leading to tissue injury and inflammation. Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are detoxifying enzymes that eliminate oxidative stress. We examined whether the genotypes of the <i>GSTM1</i> and <i>GSTT1</i> genes are associated with TDI-induced occupational asthma (TDI-OA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population consisted of 26 asthmatics with a positive response to the TDI challenge (TDI-PA) and 27 asthmatics with negative responses (TDI-NA). <i>GSTM1</i> and <i>GSTT1</i> null and wild-type genotypes were determined using multiplex PCR. The plasma GSTM1 and GSTT1 protein concentrations were determined using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The <i>GSTM1</i> null genotype was more frequent in the TDI-PA than in the TDI-NA (77.8 <i>vs</i>. 50.0%, OR = 3.5, <i>p</i>=0.03), while the frequency of the <i>GSTT1</i> null genotype tended to be higher in the TDI-PA than in the TDI-NA (59.3 <i>vs</i>. 42.3%, OR = 1.98, <i>p</i>=0.21). When analyzed together, the <i>GSTM1</i>/<i>GSTT1</i> null genotype was more frequent in the TDI-PA than in the TDI-NA (48.2 <i>vs</i>. 15.3%, OR = 6.5, <i>p</i>=0.04). The decline in the FEV in 1 s after TDI challenge was higher with the <i>GSTM1</i>/<i>GSTT1</i> null than the <i>GSTM1</i> wild-type/<i>GSTT1</i> null genotypes (24.29% <i>vs</i>. 7.47%, <i>p</i>=0.02). The plasma GSTM1 level was lower with the <i>GSTM1</i> null than with the <i>GSTM1</i> wild-type genotypes both before (13.7 <i>vs</i>. 16.6 ng/mg, <i>p</i>=0.04) and after (12.9 <i>vs</i>. 17.1 ng/mg, <i>p</i>=0.007) the TDI challenge, while the GSTT1 level was not changed with either the <i>GSTT1</i> null or wild-type genotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The <i>GSTM1</i> null genotype, but not <i>GSTT1</i> alone, may confer susceptibility to TDI-OA. However, the genetic effect of the <i>GSTM1</i> null genotype may be enhanced synergistically by the <i>GSTT1</i> null genotype. The genetic effect of <i>GSTM1</i> was validated in the plasma as the GSTM1 protein level. Therefore, the <i>GSTM1</i> and <i>GSTT1</i> genotypes may be useful diagnostic markers for TDI-OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9416,"journal":{"name":"Canadian respiratory journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8856815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39801339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}