Medical research archives最新文献

{"title":"Did a small thermosensitive intron contribute to the temperate adaptation of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>?","authors":"Isaac Edery","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i11.4624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i11.4624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> was first used for research in the early 1900's by scientists located in the northeastern corridor of the United States, gaining prominence with the establishment of the famous \"fly room\" by Thomas Hunt Morgan at Columbia University circa1908. Several reasons for using <i>D. melanogaster</i> in research are well known; easy and inexpensive to breed, short lifespan, amongst others. But why was this insect species flourishing in a temperate northeast region of the New World during the late 1800's when they originated in the tropical forests of sub-Saharan Africa millions of years ago? The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the experimental underpinnings for a temperature sensitive mechanism that likely contributed to the rather unique ability of <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> to successfully colonize temperate regions on a global scale. It also furnishes an interesting historical insight into how ancestral genetics serendipitously held the keys to the journey of <i>D</i>. <i>melanogaster</i> becoming such a popular research organism. While numerous papers have been published detailing different aspects of the work, this is the first comprehensive review. Herein, I discuss the discovery of a small thermosensitive intron in <i>D. melanogaster</i> (termed dmpi8) that controls midday siesta levels. Like many day-active animals, <i>Drosophila</i> exhibits a robust genetically based midday siesta that is protective in warm climates. Yet long bouts of daytime inactivity might be counterproductive in temperate climates, especially since daylength in these regions is shorter during the cooler months. Evidence discussed in this review strongly indicates that targeting of dmpi8 splicing efficiency by natural selection enhanced the ability of <i>D. melanogaster</i> to scale daytime sleep levels commensurate with a wide range of local climates. Surprisingly, dmpi8 splicing regulates midday siesta levels in <i>trans</i> by controlling the expression of a nearby anti-siesta gene called <i>daywake</i>. The \"fortuitous\" genetic arrangement of a thermosensitive intron in proximity to an anti-siesta gene might have contributed to the cosmopolitan nature of <i>D. melanogaster</i> and its historical journey in becoming a popular research organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10745283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139033137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Challenges to Advancing Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Dependent Cell Replacement Therapy.","authors":"Alan B Moy, Anant Kamath, Sara Ternes, Jay Kamath","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i11.4784","DOIUrl":"10.18103/mra.v11i11.4784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) represent a potentially exciting regenerative-medicine cell therapy for several chronic conditions such as macular degeneration, soft tissue and orthopedic conditions, cardiopulmonary disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic disorders. The field of iPSC therapeutics currently exists at an early stage of development. There are several important stakeholders that include academia, industry, regulatory agencies, financial institutions and patients who are committed to advance the field. Yet, unlike more established therapeutic modalities like small and large molecules, iPSC therapies pose significant unique challenges with respect to safety, potency, genetic stability, immunogenicity, tumorgenicity, cell reproducibility, scalability and engraftment. The aim of this review article is to highlight the unique technical challenges that need to be addressed before iPSC technology can be fully realized as a cell replacement therapy. Additionally, this manuscript offers some potential solutions and identifies areas of focus that should be considered in order for the iPSC field to achieve its promise. The scope of this article covers the following areas: (1) the impact of different iPSC reprogramming methods on immunogenicity and tumorigenicity; (2) the effect of genetic instability on cell reproducibility and differentiation; (3) the role of growth factors and post-translational modification on differentiation and cell scalability; (4) the potential use of gene editing in improving iPSC differentiation; (5) the advantages and disadvantages between autologous and allogeneic cell therapy; (6) the regulatory considerations in developing a viable and reproducible cell product; and (7) the impact of local tissue inflammation on cell engraftment and cell viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"11 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Ultra-Brief Proxy Measure for Early Mental and Substance Use Disorders and Suicide Risk Case Detection at the Community and Household Level: An Efficient and Feasible Clinical and Population-level Service Needs Screening Tool.","authors":"Melissa A Stockton, Ernesha Webb Mazinyo, Lungelwa Mlanjeni, Kwanda Nogemane, Nondumiso Ngcelwane, Annika C Sweetland, Cale Basaraba, Charl Bezuidenhout, Griffin Sansbury, Kathryn L Lovero, Maria Lídia Gouveia, Palmira Fortunato Dos Santos, Paulino Feliciano, Wilza Fumo, Antonio Suleman, Maria A Oquendo, Christoffel Grobler, Melanie M Wall, Phumza Nobatyi, Andrew Medina-Marino, Milton L Wainberg","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i10.4381","DOIUrl":"10.18103/mra.v11i10.4381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Valid mental and substance use disorders and suicide risk screening tools are needed for community case finding of individuals who may not otherwise seek care. We evaluated the Proxy Mental Wellness Tool-3 (mwTool-3-proxy) a three-item screener that asks about the mental health of another adult, against a diagnostic gold standard in Mozambique and South Africa. The mwTool-3-proxy adapts the three items of the Mental Wellness Tool-3, developed in Mozambique using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview diagnoses as the criterion standard, regression modeling and expert consultation to determine the best three items for identifying any mental disorder. The Mental Wellness Tool-3 has been validated in South Africa, Spain and the United States, and is being validated in three countries in the Asia-Pacific and Israel. Pairs of adults in South Africa and Mozambique at primary and tertiary healthcare facilities were separately screened with the mwTool-3-proxy and diagnosed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. We calculated the sensitivities and specificities for predicting any mental and/or substance use disorder and suicide risk among the proxy individual. We performed additional analyses restricted to respondents who were relatives of one another and who lived in the same household. The prevalence of any Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-diagnosed disorder among the 229 pairs in both countries was 35.6% (38.5% in Mozambique; 32.9% in South Africa). The pooled sensitivity of the mwTool-3-proxy for identifying any disorder among the proxy individual was 73.01 (95%CI: 65.5-79.65) - 70.24 (95%CI: 59.27-79.73) in Mozambique and 80.00 (95%CI 69.17-88.35) in South Africa. The mwTool-3-proxy is a culturally-relevant, ultra-brief valid measure that can improve mental and substance use disorders and suicide risk case detection with strong sensitivity at the community and household level and offer a means to efficiently and feasibly collect clinical and population-level service needs data.</p>","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invited Expert Opinion- Bioinformatic and Limitation Directives to Help Adopt Genetic Addiction Risk Screening and Identify Preaddictive Reward Dysregulation: Required Analytic Evidence to Induce Dopamine Homeostatsis.","authors":"Kenneth Blum, Mark S Gold, Jean Lud Cadet, Marjorie C Gondre-Lewis, Thomas McLaughlin, Eric R Braverman, Igor Elman, B Paul Carney, Rene Cortese, Tomilowo Abijo, Debasis Bagchi, John Giordano, Catherine A Dennen, David Baron, Panayotis K Thanos, Diwanshu Soni, Milan T Makale, Miles Makale, Kevin T Murphy, Nicole Jafari, Keerthy Sunder, Foojan Zeine, Mauro Ceccanti, Abdalla Bowirrat, Rajendra D Badgaiyan","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i8.4211","DOIUrl":"10.18103/mra.v11i8.4211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54232969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized Immunotherapy of Patients: Defining by Single-cell RNA-seq with Artificial Intelligence.","authors":"Biaoru Li","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i8.4293","DOIUrl":"10.18103/mra.v11i8.4293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapy, including immune cell therapy and targeted therapy, is gradually developed through the ongoing discovery of molecular compounds or immune cells. Choosing the best one or the best combination of target compounds and immune-cell therapy is a challenge for clinical scientists and clinicians. We have found variable efficacy individually after tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, and now TILs have been discovered in a group of heterogeneous immune cells. To select the best immunotherapy for each patient, we started to study TIL genomics, including single-cell mRNA differential display from TIL published in 2007 and single-cell RNA-seq from TIL published in 2013, set up TIL quantitative network in 2015, researched machine-learning model for immune therapy in 2022. These manual reports single-cell RNA-seq data combined with machine learning to evaluate the optimal compounds and immune cells for individual patients. The machine-learning model, one of artificial intelligence, can estimate targeting genomic variance from single-cell RNA-seq so that they can cover thirteen kinds of immune cell therapies and ongoing FDA-approved targeted therapies such as PD1 inhibitors, PDL1 inhibitors, and CTLA4 inhibitors, as well as other different treatments such as HDACI or DNMT1 inhibitors, FDA-approved drugs. Moreover, also cover Phase-1, Phase-2, Phase-3, and Phase-4 of clinical trials, such as TIL, CAR T-cells, TCR T-cells. Single-cell RNA-seq with an Artificial intelligence estimation system is much better than our published models from microarrays or just cell therapy. The medical goal is to address three issues in clinical immunotherapy: the increase of efficacy; the decrease of adverse effects and the decrease of the cost in clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41167817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ubiquitous Colonic Ileal Metaplasia Consistent with the Diagnosis of Crohn's Colitis among Indeterminate Colitis Cohorts.","authors":"William A Breaux, Maya A Bragg, Amosy E M'Koma","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i8.4188","DOIUrl":"10.18103/mra.v11i8.4188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inadequate differentiated diagnostic features of predominantly colonic inflammatory bowel diseases i.e., ulcerative colitis and Crohn's colitis, may lead to inexact diagnosis of \"indeterminate colitis\". About 15% of indeterminate colitis patients are diagnosed at colonoscopy, in colonic biopsies, and/or at colectomy. Managing outcomes of indeterminate colitis, given its unpredictable clinical presentation, depends on future diagnosis of colitis, Crohn's colitis or ulcerative colitis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Overview the diagnostic efficacy of ectopic colonic ileal metaplasia and human α-defens 5 (DEFA5 alias HD5) for accurate delineation of indeterminate colitis into authentic Crohn's colitis and/ or ulcerative colitis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We describe a targeted protein for potentially differentiating indeterminate colitis into an accurate clinical subtype diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases i.e., ulcerative colitis and Crohn's colitis.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Twenty-one patients with the clinically inexact diagnosis of indeterminate colitis were followed, reassessed and data analyzed.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>We observed that (i) some patients had their original diagnosis changed from indeterminate colitis to either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's colitis; and (ii) human α-defensin 5 is aberrantly overexpressed in Crohn's colitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen of the twenty-one (71.4%) patients with indeterminate colitis had their inconclusive diagnosis changed; nine patients changed to ulcerative colitis and six to Crohn's colitis. In human colon surgical samples, Human α-defensin-5 was significantly upregulated in Crohn's colitis. In addition, Human α-defensin 5 processing enzyme, matrix metalloptotease-7 was inversely expressed compared to Human α- Defensin 5.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>Due to the sequence homology of the α-defensin class of proteins, preceding efforts to raise antibodies (Abs) against DEFA5 have limitations to produce adequate specificity. The Abs used in previous assays recognizes the α-defensins, active α-defensins 5 and inactive pro- α-defensins 5. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to determine specificity and sensitivity of α-defensins 5, which is diagnostic of CC disease, and NOT other α-defensins is the limitation to overcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is feasible to differentiate ulcerative colitis from Crohn's colitis among patients with inexact diagnosis of indeterminate colitis using Human α-defensin 5 as a molecular biosignature delineator.</p>","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10584353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49686813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antigen Presenting Cell-Mediated HIV-1 <i>Trans</i> Infection in the Establishment and Maintenance of the Viral Reservoir.","authors":"Abigail Gerberick, Charles R Rinaldo, Nicolas Sluis-Cremer","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i7.1.4064","DOIUrl":"10.18103/mra.v11i7.1.4064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite potent antiretroviral therapy, an HIV-1 reservoir persists that represents a major barrier to a cure. Understanding the mechanisms by which the HIV-1 reservoir is established and maintained is critical for the discovery of effective treatments to significantly reduce or eliminate the viral reservoir. In addition to <i>cis</i> infection, in which HIV-1 directly infects target CD4⁺ T cells, cell-to-cell transmission, or <i>trans</i> infection, can also occur. HIV-1 <i>trans</i> infection is significantly more efficient than <i>cis</i> infection, mostly due to the occurrence of multiple infections per cell during transfer. Additionally, <i>trans</i> infection is efficient even in the presence of ART and/or neutralizing antibodies. Cell-to-cell transmission is mediated by CD4⁺ T cells and professional antigen presenting cells (APC). Here we focus on APC, i.e., myeloid dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, and monocytes/macrophages, that bind, internalize, and transfer HIV-1 to target CD4⁺ T cells via various proposed mechanisms. We assess the potential impact of <i>trans</i> infection on the establishment and maintenance of the HIV-1 reservoir including its role in disease progression. We consider the natural interactions between APC and CD4⁺ T cells <i>in vivo</i> that HIV-1 may hijack, allowing for the highly efficient <i>trans</i> infection of CD4⁺ T cells, maintaining the viral reservoirs in tissue despite undetectable plasma viral loads in peripheral blood. We propose that these modes of viral pathogenesis need to be addressed in potential cure strategies to ensure eradication of the viral reservoir.</p>","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11616617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83641049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence of Yolk Sac and Embryonic Genotypes in F0 Mouse CRISPants.","authors":"Kayla T B Fuselier,&nbsp;Claudia Kruger,&nbsp;J Michael Salbaum,&nbsp;Claudia Kappen","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i6.3989","DOIUrl":"10.18103/mra.v11i6.3989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CRISPR-mediated genome editing <i>in vivo</i> can be accompanied by prolonged stability of the Cas9 protein in mouse embryos. Then, genome edited variant alleles will be induced as long as Cas9 protein is active, and unmodified wildtype target loci are available. The corollary is that CRISPR-modified alleles that arise after the first zygotic cell division potentially could be distributed asymmetrically to the cell lineages that are specified early during morula and blastocyst development. This has practical implications for the investigation of F0 generation individuals, as cells in embryonic and extraembryonic tissues, such as the visceral yolk sac, might end up inheriting different genotypes. We here investigated the hypothetically possible scenarios by genotyping individual F0 CRISPants and their associated visceral yolk sacs in parallel. In all cases, we found that embryonic genotype was accurately reflected by yolk sac genotyping, with the two tissues indicating genetic congruence, even when the conceptus was a mosaic of cells with distinct allele configurations. Nevertheless, low abundance of a variant allele may represent a private mutation occurring only in the yolk sac, and in those rare cases, additional genotyping to determine the mutational status of the embryo proper is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10601497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54232970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISPOSITION OF ADOLESCENTS TOWARD RECEIVING COVID-19 VACCINATIONS IN VILLAVICENCIO: MYTHS AND BELIEFS","authors":"C. Balaguera, M. Osorio, M. Echavarría, M. Garzón","doi":"10.1101/2023.01.10.23284415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.10.23284415","url":null,"abstract":"Global efforts regarding the COVID-19 pandemic have been focused on preventive activities, such as vaccination, since the disease is expected to become endemic. Adolescents were among the last population groups to be included in the vaccination program in Colombia, and adequate coverage has not yet been achieved in this group and in infants. It is important to understand their motivations to improve the willingness of this population to be vaccinated. A cross-sectional study was designed via an online survey in adolescents aged 14-19 years in Villavicencio Meta after validation of the survey and informed consent. The following options were provided for the question on vaccine disposition: willing, undecided, and unwilling. We described the disposition toward receiving COVID-19 vaccine using graphs and absolute and relative frequencies based on age group. A multinomial regression model was used to assess the relationship between our predictor variables and vaccine disposition in adolescents. In this study, 288 adolescents were surveyed. The risk variables for unwillingness to be vaccinated were being male (odds ratio [OR] 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8-5.7, p = 0.62), belonging to low social stratum (OR 2.29, 95% CI 0.9-5.88, p = 0.19), having a monthly family income of less than 1 million Colombian pesos (250 USD) (OR 2.01, 95% CI 0.8-5.16, p = 0.19), and having basic education (OR 2.59, 95% CI 0.33-20.14, p = 0.18). Unproven myths and beliefs exert a profound influence on adolescents, which results in an unwillingness to be vaccinated. Hence, innovative public health strategies should be designed to improve the disposition to be vaccinated in this population group.","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78289204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Status of Ultrasonography and Fine-Needle Aspiration Citology for the Management of the Axilla in Breast Cancer","authors":"G. de León, Andrés Dell´Acqua, A. Cristiani","doi":"10.18103/mra.v11i5.3851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v11i5.3851","url":null,"abstract":"Objetive: to analyze whether ultrasonography with fine-needle aspiration cytology of an axillary suspicious node, in patients with breast cancer, could help to differentiate between patients with low involvement of the axilla (up to 2 nodes with macrometastasis) of those with high involvement of the axilla (more than 2 lymph nodes with macrometastasis). Material and methods: A total of 115 consecutive patients with breast cancer (up to 5 cm in diameter), with clinically negative axilla and pathologically positive axilla. All patients underwent preoperative axillary ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed in patients with suspicious nodes. In all patients with positive cytology, lymphadenectomy was performed. In all patients with negative ultrasound and cytology, sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed, and when it was positive, lymphadenectomy was performed. The number of pathological lymph nodes was evaluated after lymphadenectomy. Results: A total of 61 patients had positive axillary ultrasound and cytology. In 42 of them (69%), there were more than 2 pathological lymph nodes. There were 54 patients with negative axillary ultrasound and cytology. In 49 of them (90%), there were only 1 or 2 pathological lymph nodes. Axillary ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology were able to identify 42 of the 47 patients (89%) with more than 2 pathological lymph nodes. Conclusion: ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration citology was able to identify, in a preoperative stage, those patients with high axillary involvement (more than 2 lymph nodes with macrometastasis). The latter are the patients who would benefit from lymphadenectomy of the axilla, ignoring the sentinel lymph node biopsy stage.","PeriodicalId":94137,"journal":{"name":"Medical research archives","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73659774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}