IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-30 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.70956

Shanshan Qi, Weiwei Chen, Kunhao Chen, Song Yang, Sibo Wang, Tongtian Ni, Dan Xu, Enqiang Mao, Erzhen Chen, Ying Chen

{"title":"Hypertriglyceridemia: Causes, Consequences, Diagnosis, and Management.","authors":"Shanshan Qi, Weiwei Chen, Kunhao Chen, Song Yang, Sibo Wang, Tongtian Ni, Dan Xu, Enqiang Mao, Erzhen Chen, Ying Chen","doi":"10.1002/mco2.70956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70956","url":null,"abstract":"Managing hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) requires more than lowering triglyceride (TG) levels. Two related but clinically distinct risk domains often guide management: residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and acute pancreatitis (AP) risk. Their relative importance varies among patients and may change over time. Residual ASCVD risk is driven in part by the burden of atherogenic apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing particles, particularly TG-rich lipoproteins and their cholesterol-enriched remnants, whereas AP risk increases with severe HTG and rises further in extreme HTG, in which chylomicron accumulation, free fatty acid-mediated lipotoxicity, and inflammation contribute to pancreatic injury. Because similar TG values can arise from different combinations of genetic susceptibility, metabolic dysfunction, and other secondary factors, TG alone may not fully characterize clinical risk or provide a sufficient basis for treatment selection. In this review, we examine the genetic and metabolic determinants of HTG and consider how TG, apoB, remnant cholesterol, chylomicronemia, and secondary causes can be integrated into clinical assessment. We also evaluate established treatments and emerging therapies targeting apolipoprotein C-III, angiopoietin-like protein 3, and related pathways. This risk-based framework can help clinicians tailor treatment to each patient's ASCVD and pancreatitis risk profile.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e70956"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency Provides an Optimal and Durable Protective T Helper 1 Immunity via Interleukin-12-Interleukin-2 Axis in BCG-Vaccinated Mice. 胆固醇25-羟化酶缺乏通过白细胞介素-12-白细胞介素-2轴在bcg接种小鼠中提供最佳和持久的保护性T辅助1免疫

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-30 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.70989

Hagyu Kim, Eunsol Choi, Kee Woong Kwon, Hong-Hee Choi, Kyungmin Kim, WeonSeok Jung, Sung Jae Shin

{"title":"Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase Deficiency Provides an Optimal and Durable Protective T Helper 1 Immunity via Interleukin-12-Interleukin-2 Axis in BCG-Vaccinated Mice.","authors":"Hagyu Kim, Eunsol Choi, Kee Woong Kwon, Hong-Hee Choi, Kyungmin Kim, WeonSeok Jung, Sung Jae Shin","doi":"10.1002/mco2.70989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70989","url":null,"abstract":"Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis (TB), yet its efficacy wanes over time due to insufficient durability of vaccine-induced immunity. However, mechanisms constraining BCG vaccine-induced dendritic cell (DC)-mediated T cell priming are poorly understood. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) converts cholesterol into 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) that modulates antigen-presenting cell imprinting and innate immune responses. Here, we investigated whether CH25H regulates DC function and vaccine-induced protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). We found that CH25H deficiency enhanced DC activation, characterized by increased expression of the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, elevated interleukin (IL)-12p70 production, and reduced IL-10 secretion, resulting in augmented T cell proliferation and robust Th1 cytokine responses. Transcriptomic analyses of CH25H-deficient and 25-HC-treated DCs showed that an SREBP2-associated program may contribute to Il12a expression. BCG vaccination conferred enhanced protection in Ch25h-/- mice, including reduced Mtb burden and pulmonary inflammation. BCG-vaccinated Ch25h-/- mice developed more durable protective immunity and increased frequencies of CD103+CD69+ tissue-resident memory T cells, along with sustained IL-2-producing T cell responses. Collectively, these findings identify CH25H as a negative regulator of DC-mediated Th1 immunity and suggest that targeting CH25H represents a potential host-directed immunomodulatory strategy to enhance the long-term protective immunity of TB vaccination.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e70989"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Posttranslational Modifications of p62/SQSTM1 in Health and Disease. p62/SQSTM1在健康和疾病中的翻译后修饰。

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-30 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.70949

Weikai Wang, Xin Jiang, Runing Qiu, Chandra Sugiarto Wijaya, Miaoqin Chen, Jin Wang, Liyuan Zhu, Hongchuan Jin, Lifeng Feng

{"title":"Posttranslational Modifications of p62/SQSTM1 in Health and Disease.","authors":"Weikai Wang, Xin Jiang, Runing Qiu, Chandra Sugiarto Wijaya, Miaoqin Chen, Jin Wang, Liyuan Zhu, Hongchuan Jin, Lifeng Feng","doi":"10.1002/mco2.70949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70949","url":null,"abstract":"p62/SQSTM1 is a multifunctional adaptor protein that serves as a central hub integrating cellular stress responses, including selective autophagy, antioxidant defense, metabolism, and immune signaling. Its diverse functions are precisely orchestrated by a complex network of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that dynamically regulate its conformation, protein interactions, stability, and subcellular localization. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the p62 PTMs landscape, encompassing phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, methylation, and emerging cysteine-based modifications. We first discuss how these PTMs coordinately maintain cellular homeostasis by fine-tuning autophagic flux, activating antioxidant programs, coordinating nutrient sensing, preserving genomic stability, and regulating immune responses. We then examine how dysregulation of this PTMs network drives pathogenesis in major diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic diseases, and infections, with emphasis on context-dependent molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we summarize current preclinical evidence targeting p62 PTMs. Finally, we emphasize the critical need for advanced technologies to decipher PTMs crosstalk and dynamic regulation, coupled with the development of corresponding therapeutic strategies, to advance precision medicine. Understanding the p62 PTMs code offers promising opportunities for developing novel biomarkers and targeted therapies for human diseases.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e70949"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Organoids: Current Applications and Future Directions. 类器官：目前的应用和未来的方向。

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-30 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.70965

Yueqi Leng, Yue Wang, Canhui Cao, Feng Deng, Weisi Lian, Xingtong Chen, Mingmei Lin, Zhonghong Zeng, Dan Mo, Shangqi Li, Yilei He, Yang Yu, Heng Pan, Ping Zhou, Rong Li

{"title":"Organoids: Current Applications and Future Directions.","authors":"Yueqi Leng, Yue Wang, Canhui Cao, Feng Deng, Weisi Lian, Xingtong Chen, Mingmei Lin, Zhonghong Zeng, Dan Mo, Shangqi Li, Yilei He, Yang Yu, Heng Pan, Ping Zhou, Rong Li","doi":"10.1002/mco2.70965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70965","url":null,"abstract":"Organoids are three-dimensional multicellular structures derived from stem cells or primary tissues that recapitulate key structural and functional features of native organs. Advances in stem cell biology, biomaterials, and bioengineering have established organoids as powerful platforms for studying human development and disease mechanisms, drug discovery, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine. However, current organoid models are limited by incomplete maturation, insufficient vascularization, inadequate immune and neural integration, and poor reproducibility, restricting their physiological relevance and clinical translation. Moreover, the rapid expansion of organoid research has created a need for an updated synthesis of the technological advances, biological applications, and remaining challenges. This review provides a comprehensive overview of organoid technology, covering strategies for organoid generation, including cell sources, three-dimensional culture systems, extracellular matrix support, and microenvironment engineering, followed by representative applications of brain, retinal, kidney, cardiac, lung, liver, intestinal, and endometrial organoids. We further discuss current technical bottlenecks and highlight emerging solutions, including organ-on-chip platforms, multiorgan integration, multiomics, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-based engineering, artificial intelligence, standardized biobanks, and clinical translation. By integrating recent advances across diverse organoid systems, this review provides a framework for developing more physiologically relevant and clinically translatable organoid models.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e70965"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

5G Cloud-Enabled Telemedicine for Remote Management of Heart Failure Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators: A Multicenter Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial. 5G云远程医疗用于植入式心律转复除颤器心衰患者的远程管理：一项多中心开放标签随机对照试验

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-29 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.71037

Pan Li, Fayuan Fu, Yiding Qi, Xianxian Zhao, Yingyi Qin, Xinghua Shan, Jing Jiang, Guowei Wang, Jingjuan Huang, Bo Liu, Zhifu Guo, Zhongkai Wang

{"title":"5G Cloud-Enabled Telemedicine for Remote Management of Heart Failure Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators: A Multicenter Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Pan Li, Fayuan Fu, Yiding Qi, Xianxian Zhao, Yingyi Qin, Xinghua Shan, Jing Jiang, Guowei Wang, Jingjuan Huang, Bo Liu, Zhifu Guo, Zhongkai Wang","doi":"10.1002/mco2.71037","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mco2.71037","url":null,"abstract":"Postoperative follow-up for patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (ICD/CRT-D) is often delayed in remote areas because of geographic barriers and limited healthcare resources, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes. The \"Make Changes\" study, was a prospective, multicenter, open-label randomized trial evaluating a 5G-cloud technology platform (5G-CTP) for real-time remote device interrogation and reprogramming versus standard In-clinic care. Between October 2022 and February 2024, 206 patients from five centers were randomly assigned to 12 months of follow-up with 5G-CTP (n = 104) or In-clinic care (n = 102). For the primary endpoint of time from clinical event to intervention, the 5G-CTP group had a significantly shorter response time than the In-Clinic group (4.2 vs. 11.5 days; p < 0.001). For secondary endpoints, the 5G-CTP group showed greater improvement in life quality at 12 months based on Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (p = 0.012). Rates of unplanned visits and clinical interventions were similar between groups, with no procedure-related complications. This model integrates community hospitals with implantation centers through 5G networks, enabling timely specialist-directed care locally without long-distance travel. It is a feasible strategy for postoperative ICD/CRT-D management, particularly in underserved regions with limited access to specialized cardiac care.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e71037"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glutamine Metabolism in Health and Diseases. 谷氨酰胺在健康和疾病中的代谢。

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-29 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.71035

Yi Ding, Fan Tong, Jing Zeng, Chun-Ping Cui

{"title":"Glutamine Metabolism in Health and Diseases.","authors":"Yi Ding, Fan Tong, Jing Zeng, Chun-Ping Cui","doi":"10.1002/mco2.71035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mco2.71035","url":null,"abstract":"Glutamine, the most abundant nonessential amino acid in the blood and tissues, plays essential roles in cellular proliferation, immune regulation, acid-base homeostasis, and metabolic balance. Although traditionally classified as a nonessential amino acid, glutamine becomes conditionally essential under pathological conditions and physiological stress due to its critical role in supporting cellular adaptation. Under diverse pathological states, glutamine metabolism undergoes extensive reprogramming, and cancer cells exhibit a particularly high dependence on glutamine to sustain proliferation, redox balance, and biosynthetic demands. In this review, we summarize the multifaceted functions of glutamine metabolism in physiological and pathological processes. We first discuss the fundamental pathways of glutamine synthesis, transport, and utilization, followed by an overview of its regulatory roles in cellular responses to oxidative, nutritional, thermal, mechanical, DNA damage, and osmotic stresses. We further highlight the involvement of glutamine metabolism in cancer progression, immune regulation, metabolic plasticity, and therapeutic resistance. Finally, we summarize emerging glutamine-targeted therapeutic strategies, including metabolic inhibitors, combination therapies, and advanced technologies for metabolic imaging and single-cell analysis. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on glutamine metabolism and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer and other metabolic disorders.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e71035"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal, Interpretable, and Personalized Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Duration in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Real-World Study. 非小细胞肺癌的最佳、可解释和个性化免疫检查点抑制剂持续时间：一项多中心真实世界研究

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-29 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.71032

Siqi Wang, Jianhua Liu, Qiang Nie, Ruichuan Shi, Nan Xu, Qianqian He, Guanchao Ye, Jingyi Liu, Qiuyang Hou, Kexue Deng, Lu Wang, Taixue An, Anyi An, Xiujuan Qu, Jiangdian Song

{"title":"Optimal, Interpretable, and Personalized Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Duration in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Real-World Study.","authors":"Siqi Wang, Jianhua Liu, Qiang Nie, Ruichuan Shi, Nan Xu, Qianqian He, Guanchao Ye, Jingyi Liu, Qiuyang Hou, Kexue Deng, Lu Wang, Taixue An, Anyi An, Xiujuan Qu, Jiangdian Song","doi":"10.1002/mco2.71032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mco2.71032","url":null,"abstract":"The optimal treatment duration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains undefined. We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 1054 patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs across six hospitals in China and one in the United States. Using a training cohort of 372 patients, we constructed a counterfactual random forest reward-estimation matrix incorporating age, tumor diameter, and derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and an Optimal Policy Survival Tree (OPST) was developed to characterize phenotype-specific associations between baseline clinical features, treatment duration patterns (short-, intermediate-, and long-course), and survival outcomes. Two external cohorts (n = 324 and n = 358) were used for validation. The OPST reproducibly defined seven patient subgroups across datasets. Subgroups 4 and 6 (37.8%) showed more favorable overall survival (OS) associations with short-course therapy (median OS 28.6 and 24.5 months), whereas Subgroups 3 and 5 (41.5%) showed more favorable associations with long-course therapy (median OS 27.0 and 22.0 months; all p < 0.001). The OPST framework identified a subset of patients (18.1%) potentially associated with limited incremental survival benefit from prolonged treatment exposure. This transparent and interpretable framework based on routine clinical data may help inform future prospective evaluation of individualized ICI duration strategies, with the potential to support individualized treatment planning while reducing unnecessary treatment exposure.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e71032"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HIV-1 Vpr Drives a B Cell-Like Phenotype in Primary CD4⁺ T Cells. HIV-1 Vpr在原发CD4+ T细胞中驱动B细胞样表型

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-27 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.71018

Peipei Wang, Jieying Li, Wei Wang, Zhuoyue Meng, Huixin Wu, Shumin Du, Kai Deng, Jinfeng Cai

{"title":"HIV-1 Vpr Drives a B Cell-Like Phenotype in Primary CD4+ T Cells.","authors":"Peipei Wang, Jieying Li, Wei Wang, Zhuoyue Meng, Huixin Wu, Shumin Du, Kai Deng, Jinfeng Cai","doi":"10.1002/mco2.71018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mco2.71018","url":null,"abstract":"CD4+ T cells are the principal cellular targets of HIV-1, yet the extent to which viral proteins reshape their transcriptional identity remains incompletely understood. Here, using an integrated multi-omics approach, we identified a distinct population of HIV-1 RNA-positive CD4+ T cells that localized within transcriptionally defined B-cell clusters and expressed multiple canonical B cell-associated genes during acute infection. Mechanistic analyses revealed that this phenotype was driven by the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr. Both Vpr overexpression and Vpr-deficient viral systems demonstrated that Vpr induces the expression of CD19, MS4A1, CD22, and PAX5 in primary CD4+ T cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing, bulk RNA sequencing, and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) further showed that Vpr promotes extensive transcriptional and epigenetic remodeling, accompanied by increased accessibility and expression of genes involved in B-cell differentiation and development, including PAX5, EBF1, and PRDM1. Notably, this B cell-like transcriptional program was transient and gradually diminished during prolonged culture. Together, our findings uncover an unexpected role of Vpr in inducing lineage-associated transcriptional reprogramming in mature CD4+ T cells and provide new insight into how HIV-1 manipulates host-cell identity during infection.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e71018"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing In Vivo Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Engineering to Accelerate Clinical Translation. 推进体内嵌合抗原受体t细胞工程加速临床翻译。

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-27 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.71030

Zhenxin Bai, Ming Yi, Shengtao Hu, Dixuan Xue, Luxin Wei, Lifeng Zhang, Zhijun Dai

{"title":"Advancing In Vivo Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Engineering to Accelerate Clinical Translation.","authors":"Zhenxin Bai, Ming Yi, Shengtao Hu, Dixuan Xue, Luxin Wei, Lifeng Zhang, Zhijun Dai","doi":"10.1002/mco2.71030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mco2.71030","url":null,"abstract":"Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is a transformative tumor immunotherapy that redirects autologous T cells to eliminate malignant cells. However, its broader clinical translation is constrained by complex and costly ex vivo manufacturing, variable product quality, and limited control over in vivo activity. In vivo CAR-T engineering enables direct T-cell programming in the body, reducing reliance on ex vivo manufacturing while improving T-cell fitness and antitumor efficacy. This approach also enables flexible dosing and may obviate lymphodepletion. This review first summarizes recent advances in in vivo CAR-T engineering and the evolution of CAR architectures. We then examine viral and non-viral delivery systems, including lentiviral vectors (LVs), adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), and emerging platforms, highlighting their distinct advantages and limitations. We further evaluate strategies to facilitate clinical translation, focusing on safety and efficacy. Finally, we discuss emerging opportunities enabled by biomaterials and artificial intelligence to improve scalability and accessibility while broadening therapeutic applications. This review provides a framework for understanding in vivo CAR-T engineering and highlights key strategies for overcoming translational barriers and advancing next-generation CAR-T therapies.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e71030"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiotherapy-Induced Side Effects: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatments. 放射治疗引起的副作用：流行病学、发病机制、预防和治疗。

IF 14.1

MedComm Pub Date : 2026-09-27 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.71034

Xiaowen Ma, Xiaoxuan Zhang, Pujun Zhao, Jiaxin Yang, Zhihao Li, Xiaoyang Han, Yixuan Wang, Zhenzhen Cui, Nian Liu, Min Li

{"title":"Radiotherapy-Induced Side Effects: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatments.","authors":"Xiaowen Ma, Xiaoxuan Zhang, Pujun Zhao, Jiaxin Yang, Zhihao Li, Xiaoyang Han, Yixuan Wang, Zhenzhen Cui, Nian Liu, Min Li","doi":"10.1002/mco2.71034","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mco2.71034","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread application of radiotherapy for malignancies underscores the urgent clinical challenge of radiation-induced multiorgan injury, which severely impacts patient prognosis and quality of life. The heart, skin, lungs, intestines, hematopoietic system, oral, kidney, and brain are the most frequently affected sites, each following distinct and complex injury trajectories. Despite growing research into these organ-specific injuries, a substantial translational gap remains between mechanistic insights and effective therapeutic interventions. This review systematically delineates the unique epidemiological and pathological processes in these eight critical systems. It then critically evaluates current clinical management alongside emerging therapeutic strategies, including advanced radioprotectors, mitigators, antifibrotic agents, and innovative stem cell therapies. Central to our analysis is the synthesis of these findings into a comprehensive view of the complex interactive networks and functional imbalances driven by aberrant intercellular communication within damaged tissues. By offering a systematic analysis of mechanism-network-targeted therapeutics, this review establishes a critical framework to guide the future development of more effective, integrated, and personalized patient care strategies in radiation oncology.","PeriodicalId":94133,"journal":{"name":"MedComm","volume":"7 10","pages":"e71034"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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