Journal of public health (Oxford, England)最新文献_第9页

Confronting the rise of e-cigarette usage among Filipino youth: challenges, strategies, and progress in tobacco control. 应对菲律宾青少年使用电子烟的增加：烟草控制方面的挑战、战略和进展。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae113

Jose Eric M Lacsa

引用次数: 0

Silent St. Louis encephalitis virus circulation evidence by a haemovigilance survey in a centralized blood bank. 由中央血库血液警戒调查得出的沉默性圣路易脑炎病毒循环证据。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae303

Sebastián Blanco, María C Frutos, Lorena Spinsanti, Sandra V Gallego

{"title":"Silent St. Louis encephalitis virus circulation evidence by a haemovigilance survey in a centralized blood bank.","authors":"Sebastián Blanco, María C Frutos, Lorena Spinsanti, Sandra V Gallego","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae303","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae303","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) re-emergence and its geographical expansion, evidenced by its emergence in previously unaffected areas, have raised significant public health concerns. We aimed to show the usefulness of haemovigilance as an effective tool to fill arboviruses surveillance gaps to track trends and identify hotspots.Methods: Within the framework of a blood bank haemovigilance program, we performed a survey to evaluate the potential threat of circulating mosquito-borne infections for transfusion safety. SLEV was detected by a PCR targeting the conserved NS5-gene region, and the PCR-product was subjected to direct nucleotide sequencing reaction.Results: The SLEV-strain detected in the blood donor (OR236721) clustered with previously reported CbaAr-4005, 79 V-2533, and MN413675 isolated in Córdoba (2005, epidemic), Santa Fe (1979, non-epidemic) and Buenos Aires (2013, non-epidemic), with 97% identity.Conclusions: Herein, we show the usefulness of haemovigilance in uncovering the silent circulation of arboviral infections. Implementing this systematic surveillance approach would allow for monitoring the distribution and incidence of vector-borne diseases, providing information that could prevent the spread of the virus and its introduction into novel biomes. Ultimately, leveraging haemovigilance enables timely identification of potential outbreaks and empowers policymakers to make well-informed decisions to safeguard public health.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e56-e58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Representation in clinical trials sponsored by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf003

Gabriela T Gomez, Brandon E Turner, Jecca R Steinberg, Miranda B Lam, Sherry M Wren

{"title":"Representation in clinical trials sponsored by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.","authors":"Gabriela T Gomez, Brandon E Turner, Jecca R Steinberg, Miranda B Lam, Sherry M Wren","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was conducted to determine whether demographic representation among U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)-sponsored trials differs from trials without VA sponsorship, with reference to VA patient demographics.Methods: U.S. clinical trials registered between 1 March 2000 and 1 February 2022 were stratified into VA and non-VA groups. Outcomes included the combined percentage of non-White participants in each trial and enrollment of each demographic subgroup. Trial strata were summarized using medians; Wilcoxon rank sum and one-sample signed rank tests were used to compare demographic representation between (i) VA and non-VA trials and (ii) VA trials and Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patient demographics, respectively.Results: We identified 13,826 trials with available data, including 521 VA and 13,305 non-VA-sponsored trials. Median non-White enrollment was 68% greater in VA trials (P < .001) than in non-VA trials, driven by greater enrollment of Black participants (23.5% vs. 10.4%; P < .001). Black participant enrollment in VA trials exceeded representation among VHA beneficiaries (23.5% vs. 15.8%, P < .001).Conclusions: This study highlights the increased Black representation in VA-sponsored clinical trials, which is greater than expected after accounting for VHA clinical population demographics. Partnership with the VA may represent a meaningful avenue for increasing Black representation in clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polysubstance toxicity deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador: a retrospective study.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf001

Syed Z Raza, Cindy Whitten, Shane Randell, Brooklyn Sparkes, Nash Denic

{"title":"Polysubstance toxicity deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador: a retrospective study.","authors":"Syed Z Raza, Cindy Whitten, Shane Randell, Brooklyn Sparkes, Nash Denic","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study examined the prevalence of polysubstance toxicity deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador between 2018 and 2023, describing sociodemographics of decedents and the most common substances contributing to death.Methods: Death investigation data from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner pertaining to polysubstance toxicity was obtained. Polysubstance toxicity deaths were defined as drug toxicity deaths in which substances from more than one drug class contributed to death. Trends in sociodemographics and substance combinations were quantitatively summarized.Results: 313 individuals died from drug toxicity in the province between 2018 and 2023. Most deaths (n = 185, 59%) were determined to be caused by polysubstance toxicity. Polysubstance deaths increased 46% from 26 in 2018 to 38 in 2023. Most deaths were accidental in manner and the proportion of yearly accidental deaths increased sharply through the study period from 69% in 2018 to 89% in 2023. Male decedents outnumbered female decedents across the study period except for 1 year (2022), and young people (< 40 years old) had the highest death rate in the most recent study year. Cocaine was the most prevalent substance in toxicology reports and the combination of stimulants-opioids was the most prevalent drug class combination, followed by benzodiazepines-opioids and sedatives-opioids.Conclusion: Polysubstance toxicity is rising in Newfoundland and Labrador in recent years and our findings provide important information about sociodemographics and substance combinations to policymakers to aid in addressing this public health issue.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interventions in primary care to increase uptake of adult vaccines: a systematic review.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf008

Stephanie G Wheeler, Lauren A Beste, Maryann K Overland, Pandora L Wander

{"title":"Interventions in primary care to increase uptake of adult vaccines: a systematic review.","authors":"Stephanie G Wheeler, Lauren A Beste, Maryann K Overland, Pandora L Wander","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a significant gap in understanding which strategies effectively enhance vaccination rates for recommended adult vaccines in primary care settings. This review aimed to identify interventions in outpatient clinics that increase vaccination rates for commonly recommended adult vaccines and describe the change in vaccination rate associated with each intervention aimed at increasing vaccination rates in adults.Methods: Systematic searches identified randomized, controlled trials aiming to increase the rate of vaccination in adults in outpatient clinics. Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched. Two reviewers independently extracted relevant data and assessed risk of bias. Meta-analysis was not done due to heterogeneity of data.Results: Forty-four RCTs met inclusion criteria. Clinician reminders to order vaccine increased vaccination 4%-32%. Electronic health record (EHR) prompts to patients or physicians increased vaccination 1%-16%. Bundled interventions increased vaccination 4%-42%, with more intensive interventions associated with higher increases. RCT of interventions involving face-to-face contact with patients increased vaccinations 6%-17%. Group outpatient visits increased vaccination 13%-17%, home visits 6%-17%, and physician or nurse recommendation 15%.Conclusions: Clinics may increase vaccination rates by reminding doctors to order vaccine, promoting face-to-face conversations about vaccination, and instituting bundled clinic process improvements. EHR prompts may be less effective.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recurring red flags: a retrospective study of MBRRACE-UK Perinatal Mortality Surveillance (2015-21) to identify maternity services most consistently reporting higher-than-average deaths.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf019

P McDonagh Hull, T Boulton, B Lashewicz

{"title":"Recurring red flags: a retrospective study of MBRRACE-UK Perinatal Mortality Surveillance (2015-21) to identify maternity services most consistently reporting higher-than-average deaths.","authors":"P McDonagh Hull, T Boulton, B Lashewicz","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to identify hospital trusts in England most consistently reporting higher-than-average rates of extended perinatal mortality (EPM), including stillbirths and neonatal deaths.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of MBRRACE-UK Perinatal Mortality Surveillance Reports (2015-21) comparing EPM rates for births occurring in 124 hospital trusts in England between 2013 and 2019. Utilizing MBRRACE-UK definitions and designations, including coloured bands (red and amber indicate higher death rates), we devised a scoring method to determine which trusts most consistently reported higher-than-average rates of EPM throughout seven years.Results: We identified 23 (18.5% of 124) 'red flag' trusts most consistently falling into MBRRACE-UK red and amber bands. They included Shrewsbury and Telford Hospitals NHS Trust (SaTH) and East Kent Hospitals University Trust, both under investigation during the parliamentary Health and Social Care Committee's inquiry into the safety of maternity services in England. Seven trusts, including SaTH, reported higher-than-average deaths in all seven years. Indications of regional patterns were evident.Conclusions: By examining maternity services mortality data over an extended period, patterns of clinical significance may emerge. We found evidence of a minority of trusts in England consistently reporting higher-than-average rates of EPM. These red flags may warrant further attention.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attribution of colorectal cancer symptoms to medications for pre-existing chronic conditions: a secondary analysis of a vignette study in England.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf014

Giovanni E Ricciardi, Flavia Pennisi, Christian Von Wagner, Lauren Smith, Aradhna Kaushal, Gary A Abel, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, Cristina Renzi

{"title":"Attribution of colorectal cancer symptoms to medications for pre-existing chronic conditions: a secondary analysis of a vignette study in England.","authors":"Giovanni E Ricciardi, Flavia Pennisi, Christian Von Wagner, Lauren Smith, Aradhna Kaushal, Gary A Abel, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, Cristina Renzi","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the likelihood of attributing colorectal cancer (CRC) symptoms to medications for chronic conditions.Methods: The online vignette survey included 1287 participants aged ≥50 years, with quota sampling to recruit sufficient participants with type 2 diabetes. Participants self-reported chronic conditions and answered questions on symptom attribution and help-seeking, after reading vignettes describing new-onset rectal bleeding or change in bowel habit. Using multivariable logistic regression, we analyzed the association between specific conditions and attributing new-onset CRC symptoms to medications, controlling for demographics.Results: Among participants, 25% reported type 2 diabetes, 31% being overweight, 25% hypertension and 22% arthritis. Participants with diabetes, versus those without, had a higher likelihood of attributing change in bowel habit to medications [7% vs 3%; adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.55, Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.30-5.00]. This was also the case for participants reporting being overweight (7% vs 2%; aOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.25-4.44), arthritis (8% vs 3%; aOR 2.27, 95% CI 1.19-4.35), but not for hypertension. No significant association was found regarding attribution of rectal bleeding to medications.Conclusions: Patients with common chronic conditions have a higher likelihood of attributing change in bowel habit to medications. Tailored information is needed for these patients, encouraging them to discuss any new symptom with their doctor.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COR and CORONA: analysis of COVID-19's subjective lasting impact on wellbeing, employing conservation of resources theory.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf021

Yael Albo, Eran Leck, Orly Nathan, Naama Wolf, Eran Zaidise

{"title":"COR and CORONA: analysis of COVID-19's subjective lasting impact on wellbeing, employing conservation of resources theory.","authors":"Yael Albo, Eran Leck, Orly Nathan, Naama Wolf, Eran Zaidise","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had widespread impact, with evidence indicating lasting effects on wellbeing. This study aims to examine enduring impacts through individual narratives, using Conservation of Resources (COR) theory that serves for studying crises.Methods: Analysis of narratives from 1148 responses to an open-ended question about pandemic's lasting effects, using qualitative and quantitative methods within COR theory framework including thematic analysis, Elastic Net Regression, word cloud visualization and sociodemographic analysis.Results: About 42% of respondents reported lasting effects, with almost equal distribution between 'Loss' and 'Gain' groups, and 7% reporting mixed experiences. COR resources manifested as: work-finance and social bonds showed both disruption and strengthening; mental health, physical health and protective habits characterized loss narratives. Gain narratives were predominantly characterized by renewed perspective and personalized time investment. Women reported more physical health impacts. Resource combinations exemplified resource caravans. 'Mixed' group revealed complex balance of loss-gain dynamics. Work-life balance emerged as a sustained valued asset. The findings align with COR theory principles.Conclusion: Three years post-pandemic onset, while lasting losses persist, narratives indicate shifting dynamics toward gains, predominantly reflecting transformed perspectives. Findings enhance COR theory in pandemic context and inform policy by highlighting emotional toll management and work-life balance preservation.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143434674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Worsened disparities in prenatal care among individuals with low educational attainment during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US: a repeated cross-sectional study.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf022

Jusung Lee, Wondimu Samuel Manalew

{"title":"Worsened disparities in prenatal care among individuals with low educational attainment during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US: a repeated cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jusung Lee, Wondimu Samuel Manalew","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus pandemic was a major event that severely disrupted the health care system in the USA. Understanding the impact, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals, is necessary for informing health care and public health policy. This study evaluates changes in adequate prenatal care (PNC) across education levels after the 2020 pandemic.Methods: The key outcome was adequate PNC utilization using the Kotelchuck index. A repeated cross-sectional study of before and after the COVID pandemic among individuals with low educational attainment compared to those with a college degree or above was used to estimate changes in adequate PNC use.Results: A decrease in adequate PNC use after 2020 was greater (-4.4%) for less than high school graduation, compared to higher education levels (-2.0% to -0.8%). The difference in adjusted changes reaffirmed that having less than high school graduation was associated with a greater decrease in adequate PNC by -3.7 percentage points (95%CI -5.8, -1.5) compared to obtaining college degrees after 2020.Conclusion: Disparities in access to care are persistent and further deteriorate among individuals of low educational attainment after the 2020 pandemic. An innovative, robust healthcare model is vital to reduce barriers to and disparities in access to care.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

All-cause excess mortality following Storm Daniel flood event in Greece.

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf015

Evdoxia Valavani, Vasilis Bellos, Fani Apostolidou-Kiouti, Alexis Benos, Elias Kondilis

{"title":"All-cause excess mortality following Storm Daniel flood event in Greece.","authors":"Evdoxia Valavani, Vasilis Bellos, Fani Apostolidou-Kiouti, Alexis Benos, Elias Kondilis","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Storm Daniel, characterized as the most severe 21st century flood event in Greece, struck the Regions of Thessaly and Central Greece in early September 2023, resulting in 17 reported direct fatalities.Methods: This study evaluated all-cause excess mortality in the prefectures of Fthiotida, Karditsa/Trikala and Magnesia affected by Storm Daniel. We compared weekly deaths during the first week and the 90 days following the flood, to expected deaths based on historical trends 2015-2019.Results: During the week of the flooding event, Fthiotida, Karditsa/Trikala and Magnesia prefectures experienced mortality increases of 57% (95%CI: 19%-95%), 40% (95%CI: 13%-66%) and 39% (95%CI: 7%-70%) over expected levels, respectively. A total of 54 (95% CI: 31-77) excess deaths were recorded during the week of Storm Daniel's landfall, with the cumulative number of excess deaths reaching to 335 (95% CI: 250-420) over subsequent 90 days.Conclusion: Conventional approaches that focus solely on immediate and direct flood fatalities underestimate the overall and actual health risks faced by flood-affected communities. Floods have complex and long-term health effects, necessitating continuous monitoring of the affected communities.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0