Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness and Patient Experiences of Rhenium Skin Cancer Therapy for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Interim Results from the EPIC-Skin Study.","authors":"Siddhartha Baxi, Saima Vohra, Angela Hong, Nicola Mulholland, Martin Heuschkel, Gerhard Dahlhoff, Giuseppe Cardaci, Siroos Mirzaei, Mike Sathekge","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267988","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonmelanoma skin cancer and its treatment represent a significant global cancer burden for health care systems and patients. Rhenium skin cancer therapy (Rhenium SCT) is a novel noninvasive radionuclide nonmelanoma skin cancer treatment, which can be provided in a single outpatient session. The aim of this prospective, multicenter, single-arm, international, phase IV study (EPIC-Skin) is to assess clinic- and patient-reported outcomes of Rhenium SCT as a treatment for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). <b>Methods:</b> Eligible patients had biopsy-proven stage I or stage II BCC or SCC lesions no more than 3 mm deep and no larger than 8 cm² in area. Rhenium SCT resin was applied to an adhesive foil affixed to the target lesion in a single session. Interim efficacy and safety analysis were planned once 50% of target patients had recorded a 6-mo follow-up visit. Primary outcome is the proportion of lesions achieving complete response using modified RECIST. Secondary and other outcome measures include patient-reported quality of life (QoL), treatment comfort, and cosmesis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 182 patients was enrolled and administered Rhenium SCT (50 Gy dose to deepest point of target) to at least 1 BCC or SCC. Of 81 patients who reached the 6-mo posttreatment follow-up, it was found that 97.2% (103/106) of lesions showed complete responses and 2.8% (3/106) had partial responses. Improvements in QoL were also reported, whereas no patients reported any pain or discomfort during treatment. Adverse events were reported in 15.9% (29/182) of patients and were rated grade 1 (<i>n</i> = 19), grade 2 (<i>n</i> = 9), or grade 3 (<i>n</i> = 1). <b>Conclusion:</b> This preliminary analysis of the EPIC-Skin study indicates that Rhenium SCT is safe and effective for the treatment of BCC and SCC and is associated with significant QoL improvements. It will be particularly beneficial for lesions that are difficult to treat surgically because of size and location. It is also beneficial for patients with comorbidities or those unable to receive conventional fractionated radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1450-1455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11372259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141725324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"StepBrain: A 3-Dimensionally Printed Multicompartmental Anthropomorphic Brain Phantom to Simulate PET Activity Distributions.","authors":"Maria Agnese Pirozzi, Valeria Gaudieri, Anna Prinster, Mario Magliulo, Alberto Cuocolo, Arturo Brunetti, Bruno Alfano, Mario Quarantelli","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.123.267277","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.123.267277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An innovative multicompartmental anatomic brain phantom (StepBrain) is described to simulate the in vivo tracer uptake of gray matter, white matter, and striatum, overcoming the limitations of currently available phantoms. <b>Methods:</b> StepBrain was created by exploiting the potential of fused deposition modeling 3-dimensional printing to replicate the real anatomy of the brain compartments, as modeled through ad hoc processing of healthy-volunteer MR images. <b>Results:</b> A realistic simulation of ¹⁸F-FDG PET brain studies, using target activity to obtain the real concentration ratios, was obtained, and the results of postprocessing with partial-volume effect correction tools developed for human PET studies confirmed the accuracy of these methods in recovering the target activity concentrations. <b>Conclusion:</b> StepBrain compartments (gray matter, white matter, and striatum) can be simultaneously filled, achieving different concentration ratios and allowing the simulation of different (e.g., amyloid, tau, or 6-fluoro-l-dopa) tracer distributions, with a potentially valuable role for multicenter PET harmonization studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1489-1492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11372253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141725325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiolabeling and Preclinical Evaluation of Therapeutic Efficacy of ²²⁵Ac-ch806 in Glioblastoma and Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Models.","authors":"Christian W Wichmann, Katherine A Morgan, Zhipeng Cao, Laura D Osellame, Nancy Guo, Hui Gan, Edward Reilly, Ingrid J G Burvenich, Graeme J O'Keefe, Paul S Donnelly, Andrew M Scott","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.123.266894","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.123.266894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein is highly expressed in a range of malignancies. Although therapeutic interventions directed toward EGFR have yielded therapeutic responses in cancer patients, side effects are common because of normal-tissue expression of wild-type EGFR. We developed a novel tumor-specific anti-EGFR chimeric antibody ch806 labeled with ²²⁵Ac and evaluated its in vitro properties and therapeutic efficacy in murine models of glioblastoma and colorectal cancer. <b>Methods:</b> ²²⁵Ac-ch806 was prepared using different chelators, yielding [²²⁵Ac]Ac-macropa-tzPEG₃Sq-ch806 and [²²⁵Ac]Ac-DOTA-dhPzPEG₄-ch806. Radiochemical yield, purity, apparent specific activity, and serum stability of ²²⁵Ac-ch806 were quantified. In vitro cell killing effect was examined. The biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy of ²²⁵Ac-ch806 were investigated in mice with U87MG.de2-7 and DiFi tumors. Pharmacodynamic analysis of tumors after therapy was performed, including DNA double-strand break immunofluorescence of γH2AX, as well as immunohistochemistry for proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. <b>Results:</b> [²²⁵Ac]Ac-macropa-tzPEG₃Sq-ch806 surpassed [²²⁵Ac]Ac-DOTA-dhPzPEG₄-ch806 in radiochemical yield, purity, apparent specific activity, and serum stability. [²²⁵Ac]Ac-macropa-tzPEG₃Sq-ch806 was therefore used for both in vitro and in vivo studies. It displayed a significant, specific, and dose-dependent in vitro cell-killing effect in U87MG.de2-7 cells. ²²⁵Ac-ch806 also displayed high tumor uptake and minimal uptake in normal tissues. ²²⁵Ac-ch806 significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in both U87MG.de2-7 and DiFi models. Enhanced γH2AX staining was observed in ²²⁵Ac-ch806-treated tumors compared with controls. Reduced Ki-67 expression was evident in all ²²⁵Ac-ch806-treated tumors. Increased expression of p21 and cleaved caspase 3 was shown in U87MG.de2-7 and DiFi tumors treated with ²²⁵Ac-ch806. <b>Conclusion:</b> In glioblastoma and colorectal tumor models, ²²⁵Ac-ch806 significantly inhibited tumor growth via induction of double-strand breaks, thereby constraining cancer cell proliferation while inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. These findings underscore the potential clinical applicability of ²²⁵Ac-ch806 as a potential therapy for EGFR-expressing solid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1456-1462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET and Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases: Diagnostic Performance of Available Standardized Criteria.","authors":"Ismini C Mainta, Angeliki Neroladaki, Nicola Bianchetto Wolf, Daniel Benamran, Sana Boudabbous, Thomas Zilli, Valentina Garibotto","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267899","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In up to two thirds of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET scans, unspecific bone uptake has been described. The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for bone metastases and the occurrence of equivocal lesions. <b>Methods:</b> We analyzed retrospectively 118 patients who underwent a [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for initial staging or recurrence evaluation. Lesions were interpreted according to the PSMA reporting and data system (PSMA-RADS) and the prostate cancer molecular imaging standardized evaluation (PROMISE) criteria. The SUV_max and the localization of each lesion were recorded. A combination of prior or follow-up examinations was used as a reference standard to categorize benign and malignant lesions. Correlation between the final diagnosis and imaging or clinicobiochemical parameters was tested. The diagnostic accuracy was calculated for different cutoffs of PSMA-RADS criteria, for PROMISE criteria, and the sequential combination of both. <b>Results:</b> In total, 265 bone abnormalities were identified in 70 of 118 patients. Among these, 148 (55.8%) lesions in 50 (42.4%) patients were classified as PSMA-RADS-3B. There were no PSMA-RADS-3D lesions in our cohort. Equivocal lesions were more frequent on the ribs (30.6%) followed by the pelvis (26.5%), but in the ribs, such an uptake was malignant in 33.3% of cases versus 66.7% in the pelvis. A significant association was found between the final diagnosis and the SUV_max, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA doubling time, International Society of Urological Pathology score, and the number of foci. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 63.6% for the PSMA-RADS-3B cutoff, respectively; 40.5% and 100% for the PSMA-RADS-4 cutoff, respectively; and 89.3% and 96.6% for both the PROMISE criteria and the sequential PSMA-RADS/PROMISE strategy, respectively. In the sequential method, the number of equivocal lesions was reduced from 147 to 2. We found that 53% of PSMA-RADS-3B lesions were malignant; 95.5% of lesions classified positive by the sequential method were true positives, whereas 32.6% were false negatives. <b>Conclusion:</b> [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT has high accuracy for the diagnosis of bone metastases. Equivocal lesions constitute nearly half of the lesions seen on PSMA PET. The sequential combination of PSMA-RADS and PROMISE criteria reduces the number of lesions classified as equivocal. PSMA-RADS-3B lesions which are positive according to the PROMISE criteria should be considered highly suggestive of malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1376-1382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Advanced Refractory Meningiomas: Efficacy and Toxicity in a Long Follow-up.","authors":"Stefano Severi, Ilaria Grassi, Alberto Bongiovanni, Silvia Nicolini, Irene Marini, Donatella Arpa, Nicoletta Ranallo, Irene Azzali, Valentina Di Iorio, Anna Sarnelli, Monti Manuela, Elena Amadori, Lucia Fabbri, Daniela Bartolini, Luigino Tosatto, Francesco Di Meco, Lorena Gurrieri, Nada Riva, Luana Calabro, Federica Matteucci, Giovanni Paganelli, Maddalena Sansovini","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.123.266956","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.123.266956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recurrence of meningiomas after surgery and radiotherapy deserves specific attention because of the lack of active third-line therapies. Somatostatin receptors are usually overexpressed on the cell membrane of meningiomas, and this has led the way to a radionuclide theranostic approach. Diagnoses with ⁶⁸Ga-DOTA-octreotide and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with ⁹⁰Y/¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTA-octreotide are currently possible options within experimental protocols or as compassionate use in small patient groups. <b>Methods:</b> From October 2009 to October 2021, 42 meningioma patients with radiologic recurrence after standard therapies were treated with ⁹⁰Y-DOTATOC (dosage of 1.1 or 5.5 GBq) or with ¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTATATE (dosage of 3.7 or 5.5 GBq) in a mean of 4 cycles. All patients showed intense uptake at diagnostic ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT or in an ¹¹¹In-octreotide scan. <b>Results:</b> Of 42 patients treated, 5 patients received ⁹⁰Y-DOTATOC with a cumulative activity of 11.1 GBq and 37 patients received ¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTATATE with a cumulative activity of 22 GBq. The disease control rate was 57%. With a median follow-up of 63 mo, median progression-free survival was 16 mo, and median overall survival was 36 mo. Retreatment ¹⁷⁷Lu-PRRT was performed in 6 patients with an administered median activity of 13 GBq in a mean of 5 cycles. With a 75.8-mo follow-up, median progression-free survival and overall survival were 6.5 and 17 mo, respectively. Only 1 patient discontinued the treatment because of grade 3 platelet toxicity. A rapidly transient grade 2 neutropenia was recorded in 1 retreated patient. <b>Conclusion:</b> PRRT in patients with advanced meningiomas overexpressing somatostatin receptor 2 was active and well tolerated, showing a 57% disease control rate. Furthermore, PRRT could represent a potential retreatment option. Further studies, also in combination with other treatments, are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1409-1415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11372258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Benchmark for Total Metabolic Tumor Volume Measurement in Baseline ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT of Lymphoma Patients: A Milestone Toward Clinical Implementation.","authors":"Ronald Boellaard, Irène Buvat, Christophe Nioche, Luca Ceriani, Anne-Ségolène Cottereau, Luca Guerra, Rodney J Hicks, Salim Kanoun, Carsten Kobe, Annika Loft, Heiko Schöder, Annibale Versari, Conrad-Amadeus Voltin, Gerben J C Zwezerijnen, Josée M Zijlstra, N George Mikhaeel, Andrea Gallamini, Tarec C El-Galaly, Christine Hanoun, Stephane Chauvie, Romain Ricci, Emanuele Zucca, Michel Meignan, Sally F Barrington","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267789","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) is prognostic in lymphoma. However, cutoff values for risk stratification vary markedly, according to the tumor delineation method used. We aimed to create a standardized TMTV benchmark dataset allowing TMTV to be tested and applied as a reproducible biomarker. <b>Methods:</b> Sixty baseline ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scans were identified with a range of disease distributions (20 follicular, 20 Hodgkin, and 20 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma). TMTV was measured by 12 nuclear medicine experts, each analyzing 20 cases split across subtypes, with each case processed by 3-4 readers. LIFEx or ACCURATE software was chosen according to reader preference. Analysis was performed stepwise: TMTV1 with automated preselection of lesions using an SUV of at least 4 and a volume of at least 3 cm³ with single-click removal of physiologic uptake; TMTV2 with additional removal of reactive bone marrow and spleen with single clicks; TMTV3 with manual editing to remove other physiologic uptake, if required; and TMTV4 with optional addition of lesions using mouse clicks with an SUV of at least 4 (no volume threshold). <b>Results:</b> The final TMTV (TMTV4) ranged from 8 to 2,288 cm³, showing excellent agreement among all readers in 87% of cases (52/60) with a difference of less than 10% or less than 10 cm³ In 70% of the cases, TMTV4 equaled TMTV1, requiring no additional reader interaction. Differences in the TMTV4 were exclusively related to reader interpretation of lesion inclusion or physiologic high-uptake region removal, not to the choice of software. For 5 cases, large TMTV differences (>25%) were due to disagreement about inclusion of diffuse splenic uptake. <b>Conclusion:</b> The proposed segmentation method enabled highly reproducible TMTV measurements, with minimal reader interaction in 70% of the patients. The inclusion or exclusion of diffuse splenic uptake requires definition of specific criteria according to lymphoma subtype. The publicly available proposed benchmark allows comparison of study results and could serve as a reference to test improvements using other segmentation approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1343-1348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11372260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-Response Relationship in Patients with Liver Metastases from Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Undergoing Radioembolization with ⁹⁰Y Glass Microspheres.","authors":"Masao Watanabe, Stephan Leyser, Jens Theysohn, Benedikt Schaarschmidt, Johannes Ludwig, Wolfgang P Fendler, Alexandros Moraitis, Harald Lahner, Annie Mathew, Ken Herrmann, Manuel Weber","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267774","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The benefit of multicompartment dosimetry in the radioembolization of neuroendocrine neoplasms is not firmly established. We retrospectively assessed its potential with patient outcome. <b>Methods:</b> Forty-three patients were eligible. The association of mean absorbed dose (MAD) for tumors and treatment response was tested per lesion with a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and the association of MAD with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival was tested per patient using uni- and multivariate Cox regression analyses. <b>Results:</b> The area under the curve for treatment response based on MAD was 0.79 (cutoff, 196.6 Gy; <i>P</i> < 0.0001). For global PFS, grade (grade 2 vs. 1: hazard ratio [HR], 2.51; <i>P</i> = 0.042; grade 3 vs. 1: HR, 62.44; <i>P</i> < 0.001), tumor origin (HR, 6.58; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and MAD (HR, 0.998; <i>P</i> = 0.003) were significant. For overall survival, no prognostic parameters were significant. <b>Conclusion:</b> In line with prior publications, a MAD of more than 200 Gy seemed to favor treatment response. MAD was also associated with PFS and may be of interest for radioembolization planning for neuroendocrine neoplasm patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1175-1180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Diagnostic Method to Objectively Measure Olfaction and Diagnose Smell Disorders by a Molecularly Targeted Fluorescence Imaging Agent.","authors":"Dauren Adilbay, Junior Gonzales, Marianna Zazhytska, Paula Demetrio de Souza Franca, Sheryl Roberts, Tara D Viray, Raik Artschwager, Snehal Patel, Albana Kodra, Jonathan B Overdevest, Chun Yuen Chow, Glenn F King, Sanjay K Jain, Alvaro A Ordonez, Laurence S Carroll, Stavros Lomvardas, Thomas Reiner, Nagavarakishore Pillarsetty","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.123.266123","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.123.266123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of olfaction, no tools are currently available to noninvasively identify loss of smell. Because of the substantial increase in patients presenting with coronavirus disease 2019-related loss of smell, the pandemic has highlighted the urgent need to develop quantitative methods. <b>Methods:</b> Our group investigated the use of a novel fluorescent probe named Tsp1a-IR800_P as a tool to diagnose loss of smell. Tsp1a-IR800_P targets sodium channel 1.7, which plays a critical role in olfaction by aiding the signal propagation to the olfactory bulb. <b>Results:</b> Intuitively, we have identified that conditions leading to loss of smell, including chronic inflammation and coronavirus disease 2019, correlate with the downregulation of sodium channel 1.7 expression in the olfactory epithelium, both at the transcript and at the protein levels. We demonstrated that lower Tsp1a-IR800_P fluorescence emissions significantly correlate with loss of smell in live animals-thus representing a potential tool for its semiquantitative assessment. Currently available methods rely on delayed subjective behavioral studies. <b>Conclusion:</b> This method could aid in significantly improving preclinical and clinical studies by providing a way to objectively diagnose loss of smell and therefore aid the development of therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1293-1300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141500007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Fibroblast Activation Protein-Targeted Radiopharmaceutical Therapy with High Tumor-to-Healthy-Tissue Ratios.","authors":"Ramesh Mukkamala, Daniel J Carlson, Nicholas Kaine Miller, Spencer D Lindeman, Emily Renee Bowen, Pooja Tudi, Taylor Schleinkofer, Owen C Booth, Abigail Cox, Madduri Srinivasarao, Philip S Low","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267756","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Because of upregulated expression on cancer-associated fibroblasts, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as an attractive biomarker for the imaging and therapy of solid tumors. Although many FAP ligands have already been developed for radiopharmaceutical therapies (RPTs), most suffer from inadequate tumor uptake, insufficient tumor residence times, or off-target accumulation in healthy tissues, suggesting a need for further improvements. <b>Methods:</b> A new FAP-targeted RPT with a novel ligand (FAP8-PEG₃-IP-DOTA) was designed by combining the desirable features of several previous ligand-targeted RPTs. Uptake and retention of [¹¹¹In]In or [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-FAP8-PEG₃-IP-DOTA were assessed in KB, HT29, MDA-MB-231, and 4T1 murine tumor models by radioimaging or ex vivo biodistribution analyses. Radiotherapeutic potencies and gross toxicities were also investigated by monitoring tumor growth, body weight, and tissue damage in tumor-bearing mice. <b>Results:</b> FAP8-PEG₃-IP-DOTA exhibited high affinity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, 1.6 nM) and good selectivity for FAP relative to its closest homologs, prolyl oligopeptidase (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, ∼14.0 nM) and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, ∼860 nM). SPECT/CT scans exhibited high retention in 2 different solid tumor models and minimal uptake in healthy tissues. Quantitative biodistribution analyses revealed tumor-to-healthy-tissue ratios of more than 5 times for all major organs, and live animal studies demonstrated 65%-93% suppression of tumor growth in all 4 models tested, with minimal or no evidence of systemic toxicity. <b>Conclusion:</b> We conclude that [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-FAP8-PEG₃-IP-DOTA constitutes a promising and safe RPT candidate for FAPα-targeted radionuclide therapy of solid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1257-1263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141319387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and Evaluation of a Vendor-Provided Head Motion Correction Algorithm on the uMI Panorama PET/CT System.","authors":"Fei Kang, Zhaojuan Xie, Wenhui Ma, Zhiyong Quan, Guiyu Li, Kun Guo, Xiang Li, Taoqi Ma, Weidong Yang, Yizhang Zhao, Hongyuan Yi, Yumo Zhao, Yihuan Lu, Jing Wang","doi":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267446","DOIUrl":"10.2967/jnumed.124.267446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain PET imaging often faces challenges from head motion (HM), which can introduce artifacts and reduce image resolution, crucial in clinical settings for accurate treatment planning, diagnosis, and monitoring. United Imaging Healthcare has developed NeuroFocus, an HM correction (HMC) algorithm for the uMI Panorama PET/CT system, using a data-driven, statistics-based approach. The HMC algorithm automatically detects HM using a centroid-of-distribution technique, requiring no parameter adjustments. This study aimed to validate NeuroFocus and assess the prevalence of HM in clinical short-duration ¹⁸F-FDG scans. <b>Methods:</b> The study involved 317 patients undergoing brain PET scans, divided into 2 groups: 15 for HMC validation and 302 for evaluation. Validation involved patients undergoing 2 consecutive 3-min single-bed-position brain ¹⁸F-FDG scans-one with instructions to remain still and another with instructions to move substantially. The evaluation examined 302 clinical single-bed-position brain scans for patients with various neurologic diagnoses. Motion was categorized as small or large on the basis of a 5% SUV change in the frontal lobe after HMC. Percentage differences in SUV_mean were reported across 11 brain regions. <b>Results:</b> The validation group displayed a large negative difference (-10.1%), with variation of 5.2% between no-HM and HM scans. After HMC, this difference decreased dramatically (-0.8%), with less variation (3.2%), indicating effective HMC application. In the evaluation group, 38 of 302 patients experienced large HM, showing a 10.9% ± 8.9% SUV increase after HMC, whereas most exhibited minimal uptake changes (0.1% ± 1.3%). The HMC algorithm not only enhanced the image resolution and contrast but also aided in disease identification and reduced the need for repeat scans, potentially optimizing clinical workflows. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study confirmed the effectiveness of NeuroFocus in managing HM in short clinical ¹⁸F-FDG studies on the uMI Panorama PET/CT system. It found that approximately 12% of scans required HMC, establishing HMC as a reliable tool for clinical brain ¹⁸F-FDG studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1313-1319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}