Journal of medical microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for microbiological diagnosis of infectious uveitis.","authors":"Zhen Cai, Xian Zhang, Yaqin Song, Yan Jiang, Ling Jiang, Tao Li, Xufang Sun","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001879","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jmm.0.001879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Diagnosis of uveitis is challenging due to the multitude of possible pathogenies. Identifying infectious and non-infectious uveitis is of great clinical significance. Recently, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was used to detect infectious and non-infectious uveitis, but its efficacy has not been widely evaluated.<b>Hypothesis.</b> Compared with routine diagnostic tests (RDTs), mNGS is more effective in identifying infectious and non-infectious uveitis.<b>Aim.</b> To describe the microbiological diagnostic performance of mNGS in detecting infectious and non-infectious uveitis.<b>Methodology.</b> Patients with suspected infectious uveitis of uncertain pathogenesis were tested by mNGS and RDTs. Infectious and non-infectious uveitis were grouped according to the final diagnosis based on comprehensive analysis of the test results and the effect of therapy. The test results were used to assess the performance of mNGS in actual clinical practice.<b>Results.</b> Fifty-eight cases were enrolled in this project, including 32 cases of infectious uveitis and 26 cases of non-infectious uveitis. The sensitivity of mNGS was 96.88%, which was much higher than that of RDTs. The detected pathogenic micro-organisms included bacteria, fungi, viruses, <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Bartonella</i>. Consequently, mNGS showed a high negative predictive value (NPV) of 94.74%, indicating that an mNGS negative should be a true negative result most of the time, but a low positive predictive value (PPV) of 79.49%.<b>Conclusions.</b> mNGS showed extremely high sensitivity but low specificity, which increased the detection rate of infectious uveitis pathogens but might result in false positives. The excellent NPV suggested that the identification of non-infectious uveitis is of considerable clinical importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11633842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concordance analysis between Human Papillomavirus genotyping assay and PCR-reverse spot hybridization for the detection of Human Papillomavirus infection.","authors":"Yanlin Chen, Ye Li, Lifang Xue, Mu Xu, Liying Wang, Binhua Dong, Liangzhi Cai","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Human papillomavirus (HPV), the predominant viral infection affecting the anogenital tract, is closely linked to the development of intraepithelial neoplasia and malignancies in the cervix and other anal regions. Currently, 15 high-risk HPVs (HR-HPVs) and 3 potential HR-HPV types have been recognized as contributors to cervical cancer. Consequently, it is imperative to conduct HR-HPV screening using suitable tests in order to identify precancerous lesions and prevent the development of cancer.<b>Hypothesis.</b> The Human papillomavirus genotyping (type 23) detection kit (PCR-reverse point hybridization method) is reliable for clinical testing.<b>Aims.</b> The objective of this research was to assess the concordance between the Human papillomavirus genotyping (type 23) detection kit (PCR-reverse point hybridization method) and the approved HPV test.<b>Methodology.</b> A sample of 781 women who received HPV genotype testing during cervical cancer screening consultations at the Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, was examined. Thirty-two cases were excluded for lacking histological results or showing signs of vulvar intraepithelial rheology, leaving 749 valid histological samples. Only 181 valid pathological specimens were available after excluding those without cervical biopsy or total hysterectomy. The consistency of the test results was assessed using the kappa (<i>K</i>) statistic, with CIN2+ serving as the benchmark for determining sensitivity and specificity. Statistical significance was defined as differences with <i>P</i> values <0.05 (two-tailed).<b>Results.</b> The human papillomavirus genotyping (type 23) detection kit (PCR-reverse point hybridization method) and the approved HPV test demonstrated a high level of concordance with a total kappa value of 0.969 (<i>P</i><0.05). The overall concordance rate was found to be 98.720%. Using cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (CIN2+) as the reference standard, the human papillomavirus genotyping (type 23) detection kit (PCR-reverse point hybridization method) and the approved HPV test both showed 89.655% sensitivity (<i>P</i>>0.05), while the specificity values were 40.590 and 40.309%, respectively (<i>P</i>>0.05).<b>Conclusion.</b> The evaluated HPV test demonstrates comparable performance to other assays available during the same time frame and exhibits strong concordance in detecting the majority of HPV genotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the bacterial microbiome in the pharynx and nasal cavity of persistent, intermittent carriers and non-carriers of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.","authors":"Samuel González-García, Aida Hamdan-Partida, Julia Pérez-Ramos, José Félix Aguirre-Garrido, Anaíd Bustos-Hamdan, Jaime Bustos-Martínez","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001940","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jmm.0.001940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a bacterium that colonizes various human sites. The pharynx has been considered as a site of little clinical relevance and little studied. Recently, it has been reported that <i>S. aureus</i> can colonize more the pharynx than the nose. In addition, <i>S. aureus</i> can persist in these sites for prolonged periods of time.<b>Hypothesis.</b> The composition of the pharyngeal and nasal microbiome will differ between persistent, intermittent carriers and non-carriers of <i>S. aureus</i>.<b>Aim.</b> Determine whether the pharyngeal and nasal microbiome is different between carriers and non-carriers of <i>S. aureus</i>.<b>Methodology.</b> <i>S. aureus</i> carriers were monitored by means of pharyngeal and nasal exudates of apparently healthy adult university students for 3 months. Samples from individuals of the same carrier type were pooled, and DNA was extracted and the 16S rRNA was sequenced. The sequences were analysed in MOTHUR v.1.48.0 software, by analysing the percentages of relative abundance in the STAMP 2.1.3 program, in addition to the predictive analysis of metabolic pathways in PICRUSt2.<b>Results.</b> A greater colonization of <i>S. aureus</i> was found in the pharynx than in the nose. The microbiomes of <i>S. aureus</i> carriers and non-carriers do not show significant differences. The main microbiome difference found was between pharyngeal and nasal microbiomes. No significant differences were found in the abundance of the genus <i>Staphylococcus</i> in pharyngeal and nasal <i>S. aureus</i> carriers and non-carriers. The nasal microbiome was found to have more variation compared to the pharyngeal microbiome, which appears to be more stable between individuals and pools. Predictive analysis of metabolic pathways showed a greater presence of <i>Staphylococcus</i>-associated pathways in the nose than in the pharynx.<b>Conclusion.</b> <i>S. aureus</i> can colonize and persist in the pharynx in equal or greater proportion than in the nose. No statistically significant differences were found in the microbiome of the pharyngeal and nasal carriers and non-carriers of <i>S. aureus</i>, but the pharyngeal and nasal microbiomes are different independent of the type of <i>S. aureus</i> carrier or non-carrier. Therefore, the microbiome apparently does not influence the persistence of <i>S. aureus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11616445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection and impact of testing.","authors":"Virginie F Viprey, Emma Clark, Kerrie A Davies","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001939","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jmm.0.001939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnosis of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) remains challenging as it involves in the first instance recognition (clinical awareness) of the patients' symptoms for clinical suspicion of CDI to warrant testing, and secondly, different laboratory tests have been described for CDI. Due to the overwhelming amount of information in the literature on CDI tests and their performance, with separately published guidelines, this review aims to provide a comprehensive but concise summary of the current state of CDI diagnostic testing. Current knowledge and the impact of using different laboratory diagnostic procedures for CDI, including the most recommended approach as a two-step algorithm and the concept of diagnostic stewardship, are being discussed. This review provides an updated overview and valuable take-home messages in the field of CDI laboratory testing and highlights that timely diagnosis is important for the clinical management of CDI and that the recommended testing procedures are increasingly becoming more widely accepted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria from blood cultures assessed by a rapid antimicrobial susceptibility assay, the VITEK® Reveal™: a preliminary study.","authors":"Cristina Bonetti, Giovanni Mario Radaelli, Maria Antonia De Francesco","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The timely administration of the effective therapy is an important factor for the favourable outcome of patients with sepsis. In this study, we evaluated a new rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) method, the Vitek®Reveal^™ system, to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of 44 Gram-negative bacteria randomly isolated from blood. The results show a mean turnaround time of 5.42 h. The overall agreement with the reference method was >90%, except for piperacillin/tazobactam and cefepime (90.4%). The study, therefore, suggests that the assay decreases the time for obtaining AST with the potential to have a positive impact on patient care. However, further studies are needed to extend and confirm these preliminary findings, particularly the assay performance for some drugs and eventually for Gram-positive micro-organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marginal notes, November 2024 - soil fever.","authors":"T J J Inglis","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001948","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jmm.0.001948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11639940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring interspecies differences in <i>ex vivo</i> models of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> keratitis: a comparative study of human, pig and sheep corneas.","authors":"Katarzyna Okurowska, Sheila MacNeil, Sanhita Roy, Prashant Garg, Peter N Monk, Esther Karunakaran","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Interspecies differences in human, pig and sheep corneal thickness may affect the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> colonization. Currently, there is no research investigating the impact of these differences, along with variable storage and culture conditions on infection in <i>ex vivo</i> cornea models. These factors could significantly influence utilizing <i>ex vivo</i> models for drug testing research.<b>Aim.</b> In this study, we aim to compare the relevance of sheep and pig cornea infection models to human.<b>Methodology.</b> The corneas were stored in McCarey-Kaufman medium or Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium or Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium/Mixture F-12 Ham medium (incubator) and then infected after varying storage durations. The effect of added foetal bovine serum (FBS) to media and continuous shaking mimicking rinsing with tears on infection was also investigated. The infection outcome was evaluated by comparing c.f.u. between conditions.<b>Results.</b> The study found that storage conditions, culture media, FBS and continuous rinsing of corneas with media had no significant effect on infection progression in <i>ex vivo</i> keratitis models across selected species.<b>Conclusions.</b> Pig and sheep models yield results comparable to human corneas. These findings support the interchangeability of <i>ex vivo</i> human, pig and sheep keratitis models for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection studies, emphasizing their relevance and reliability in research contexts. This interchangeability is particularly useful for research groups where one particular animal model may not be available. The media in this <i>ex vivo</i> keratitis model can be free of animal components by the removal of FBS, which reduces the reliance on animal-derived products, aligning with ethical considerations and promoting more sustainable and humane scientific practices. This study advances the understanding of <i>ex vivo</i> keratitis models, demonstrating their robustness and potential for broader application in ophthalmic research and drug testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i> infection in Fijian migrants to the UK.","authors":"William D Nevin, Jake Melhuish, Jayne Jones, Lucas Cunningham, James Dodd, Romeo Toriro, Matthew Routledge, Luke Swithenbank, Thomas D Troth, Stephen D Woolley, Angela Fountain, Claire Hennessy, Simon A Foster, Charlotte Hughes, Mark R Riley, Simran Rai, Russell Stothard, Edward D Nicol, Mark Dermont, Duncan Wilson, David Woods, Lucy Lamb, Matthew K O'Shea, Nicholas J Beeching, Thomas Fletcher","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001925","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jmm.0.001925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>, the human threadworm, is a parasitic nematode with global distribution, estimated to infect over 600 million people. Chronic infection is often asymptomatic, but hyperinfection and dissemination syndromes can occur in the immunosuppressed with high case fatality rates. Whilst strongyloidiasis is endemic in Fiji, its prevalence in Fijian migrant groups in the UK is unknown.<b>Gap Statement.</b> No previous studies have been conducted on the prevalence of <i>Strongyloides</i> and other gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs) in Fijian migrants to the UK.<b>Aim.</b> We conducted a cross-sectional study of the prevalence of GIPs in a Fijian migrant population.<b>Methodology.</b> Participants completed a questionnaire on residence, travel and clinical symptoms and were asked to provide a serum sample for <i>S. stercoralis</i> IgG ELISA, venous blood samples for eosinophil count and a faecal sample for charcoal culture, multiplex real-time PCR (rtPCR) and microscopy after formalin-ethyl acetate concentration. Sequencing was performed on pooled <i>Strongyloides</i> larvae for nuclear 18S rRNA hyper-variable regions (HVRs) I and IV.<b>Results.</b> A total of 250 participants (94% male) with median (range) age 37 (20-51) years entered the study, 15 (1-24) years since leaving Fiji. <i>S. stercoralis</i> IgG ELISA was positive in 87/248 (35.1 %) and 14/74 (18.9 %) had a GIP detected in faeces. This included 7/74 (9.5 %) with <i>Strongyloides</i> and 5/74 (6.8 %) with hookworms. Dermatological symptoms were more common in those with <i>Strongyloides,</i> and eosinophilia (>0.5×10⁹ cells per litre) was present in 55.6% of those with positive <i>S. stercoralis</i> IgG. rtPCR was the most sensitive faecal diagnostic test for <i>Strongyloides</i> and hookworms in faeces. Sequences of nuclear 18S rRNA for HVRs I and IV confirmed the presence of <i>S. stercoralis</i>.<b>Conclusion.</b> This first cross-sectional study in Fijian migrants found a high rate of chronic infection with GIPs, particularly <i>S. stercoralis</i>. Faecal microscopy was insensitive compared to charcoal culture, rtPCR or serology, demonstrating the importance of specialist parasitological tests when investigating people with a suspected chronic infection. Our study highlights an overlooked burden of strongyloidiasis in the UK and has implications for screening and treatment programmes in Fiji and for migrants from Fiji.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy-based multi-strain probiotic community successfully mitigated obesity-related gut microbiota dysbiosis <i>in vitro</i> (CoMiniGut).","authors":"Muhammad Nadeem Khan, Zhuqing Xie, Syeda Momna Batool Bukhari, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001936","DOIUrl":"10.1099/jmm.0.001936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction.</b> Obesity is a global health concern, affecting individuals of all ages and genders. One promising strategy to combat obesity is by addressing gut microbiota dysbiosis, with probiotics being a reliable intervention. However, single-strain probiotics may not effectively modulate the complex microbial communities in the gut, suggesting the need for multi-strain approaches.<b>Gap Statement.</b> Probiotics are known to benefit gut health; however, the efficacy of single-strain probiotics in modulating gut microbiota is limited. Multi-strain probiotic community (MSPC) may offer a more effective approach for addressing obesity-related gut dysbiosis, but its specific effects on individuals and microbial diversity require further investigation.<b>Aim.</b> This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a dairy-origin MSPC in modulating obesity-related gut microbiota from lean and obese Pakistani volunteers using a simulated CoMiniGut model.<b>Methodology.</b> Gut microbiota from lean and obese volunteers were treated with MSPC in a simulated CoMiniGut system. Bacterial counts, microbial diversity (<i>α</i>- and β-diversity) and microbial community composition were analysed pre- and post-treatment. The impact of MSPC on specific bacterial genera and microbial metabolites was assessed, with statistical significance determined (<i>P</i>≤0.05).<b>Results.</b> The effect of MSPC was individualized, reducing bacterial counts in lean 1 and lean 2 samples, while significantly increasing bacterial counts in obese 2 and obese 3 samples (<i>P</i>≤0.05). MSPC significantly improved <i>α</i>-diversity in lean 2, lean 3, obese 2 and obese 3 samples (<i>P</i>≤0.05). Proteobacteria decreased in the lean group and increased in the obese group post-MSPC treatment. In the lean group, pathogenic bacteria such as <i>Klebsiella</i>, <i>Escherichia</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> were significantly reduced (<i>P</i>≤0.05), whereas beneficial bacteria like <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> increased significantly in the obese group (<i>P</i>≤0.05). Among the selected metabolites, only butanoic acid was detected in all tested samples, with MSPC affecting metabolite concentrations and types.<b>Conclusion.</b> MSPC demonstrated a potential for modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis in both lean and obese individuals, with effects on bacterial counts, microbial diversity and metabolite concentrations. MSPC could serve as a promising option for personalized the modulation of gut microbiota in obesity management.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative assessment of <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> in peri-implant health and disease: correlation with clinical parameters.","authors":"Ioannis Fragkioudakis, Georgios Konstantopoulos, Christine Kottaridi, Aikaterini-Elisavet Doufexi, Dimitra Sakellari","doi":"10.1099/jmm.0.001933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.001933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>. Peri-implantitis poses a significant challenge in oral health due to its complex microbial profile and biofilm-related persistence, complicating both prevention and treatment strategies.<b>Hypothesis/Gap Statement</b>. We hypothesized that biofilm formation by <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> plays a critical role in peri-implantitis by inducing an inflammatory response, contributing to bone loss and implant failure. This study aimed to investigate the presence and quantify <i>C. albicans</i>, <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i> in health and peri-implantitis using quantitative real-time PCR, enhancing our understanding of their roles in peri-implant disease.<b>Aim:</b> To explore the microbial burden of <i>C. albicans</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>S. epidermidis</i> in peri-implantitis and healthy conditions, correlating these findings with clinical parameters.<b>Methodology</b>. In this cross-sectional study, 102 patients were recruited from the Department of Periodontology and Implant Biology at Aristotle University, Greece. Participants were divided into healthy/mucositis and peri-implantitis groups. Clinical parameters such as probing depth, clinical attachment levels and bleeding on probing were recorded, and microbiological samples were collected and analysed using real-time PCR, targeting specific genes for the pathogens.<b>Results</b>. Results showed that <i>C. albicans</i> was detected in 3.92 and <i>S. aureus</i> in 9.82% of samples, while <i>S. epidermidis</i> was present in all samples, with significantly higher loads in the peri-implantitis group (404.75 copies µl^-1) compared to the healthy/mucositis group (173.04 copies µl^-1, <i>P</i><0.001). Higher concentrations of <i>S. epidermidis</i> correlated with increased probing depth, clinical attachment levels and bleeding on probing.<b>Conclusions</b>. The research strongly emphasizes the notable connection between <i>S. epidermidis</i> and peri-implantitis, indicating its potential impact on the development and progression of the condition. These findings underscore the significance of considering the quantity of <i>S. epidermidis</i> in clinical research aimed at effectively managing patients with peri-implant diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":94093,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical microbiology","volume":"73 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}