Journal of liver cancer最新文献

{"title":"Impact of albumin-bilirubin score change on prognosis in hepatocellular carcinomia treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: a single-center real-world study.","authors":"Phan Thi Hong Duc, Nguyen Vu Hoai Lan Luynh, Hoang Quy Nguyen","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.09.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2026.09.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Liver function deterioration during treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) affects overall survival (OS) prognosis in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to monitor the dynamic changes in the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score to assess liver function deterioration during first-line treatment with sorafenib or lenvatinib and to evaluate its prognostic value for OS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 73 patients with unresectable advanced HCC who received lenvatinib or sorafenib from 2022 to 2025 at Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital, Vietnam. Changes in the ALBI score were recorded monthly and analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Cox regression models were used to identify factors affecting OS and progression-free survival (PFS), which were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, stratified by ALBI grade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 6 month follow-up period, the median ALBI score increased significantly compared with baseline (p<0.05), indicating liver function deterioration. This deterioration was observed in both patients with progressive disease (ALBI increased from -2.64 to -2.02; p<0.0001) and those with stable disease (ALBI increased from -2.77 to -2.46; p=0.003). The median OS was 13 months, with significant differences according to baseline ALBI grade (grade 1: 16 months; grade 2a: 10 months; grade 2b: 8 months; p = 0.042). The baseline ALBI grade also had prognostic value for PFS in the sorafenib subgroup (p = 0.032). The change in ALBI score (ΔALBI) at month 3 was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p=0.032). Grade ≥3 toxicity was most frequent in the ALBI grade 2b group, with toxicity rates increasing with worsening ALBI grade (p=0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ALBI score is a valuable tool for dynamically monitoring liver function and prognosticating survival in HCC patients receiving first-line TKI therapy. The observed decline in liver function suggests a composite effect of tumor progression and treatment-related toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver transplantation for \"very early\" intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: unresolved questions in a living-donor-predominant setting.","authors":"Su Young Hong","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.09.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2026.09.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features, treatment patterns, and outcomes of young-onset hepatocellular carcinoma: a tertiary cohort analysis with a nationwide population-based study.","authors":"Eunju Kim, Min Young Kim, Jina Park, Jiwon Yang, Sung Won Chung, Won-Mook Choi, Danbi Lee, Ju Hyun Shim, Kang Mo Kim, Young-Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Jonggi Choi","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.08.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2026.08.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in younger patients is uncommon, and its clinical behavior and prognosis remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of young-onset HCC using large-scale datasets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed two cohorts: the Asan Medical Center (AMC) HCC registry (2009-2023) and the nationwide Korean Liver Cancer Association (KLCA) registry. Young-onset HCC was defined as age ≤40 years. The primary comparison was between young (≤40 years) and non-young (>40 years) patients, with additional analyses using three age groups (≤40, 41-65, >65 years). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for baseline differences. Overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), treatment patterns, and treatment intensity were evaluated. In the KLCA cohort, survival analyses were restricted to patients diagnosed between 2015 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21,699 AMC patients and 21,172 KLCA patients were included. Young-onset HCC accounted for 955 (4.4%) and 627 (3.0%) of cases, respectively. Before matching, younger patients had larger tumors, higher alpha-fetoprotein levels, and more advanced disease. After PSM, OS was comparable between groups in the AMC cohort (median 3.8 vs. 4.0 years; p=0.890) and in the KLCA cohort (median 3.7 vs. 2.9 years; p=0.053). Stage-stratified analyses showed no significant differences in OS. RFS was also similar between groups in the AMC cohort. Initial treatment distribution and longitudinal treatment intensity were comparable between groups, whereas patients aged >65 years were less likely to receive curative treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Young-onset HCC shows more aggressive tumor features but similar outcomes after adjustment. Age alone may not be an independent determinant of prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward a future role for liver biopsy in HCC: literature evidence and survey-based perspectives from Korean experts.","authors":"Hae Lim Lee, Su Jong Yu, Sung Hak Lee, Min Woo Lee, Han Ah Lee, Yuri Cho, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Ha Il Kim, Jae Geun Lee, Hye Won Lee, Jihyun An, Sun Young Yim, Pil Soo Sung, Jonggi Choi, Jae Hyun Yoon, Eun Ju Cho, Jinhong Jung, Dongho Hyun, Ijin Joo, Yu Rim Lee, YoungRok Choi, Bo Hyun Kim, Sung Hyun Kim, Soon Sun Kim, Jeong-Han Kim, Haeryoung Kim, Pyoung-Jae Park, Hyun Phil Shin, Ki Tae Yoon, Sang Min Yoon, Minjong Lee, Jai Young Cho, Jin-Young Choi, Do Young Kim, June Sung Lee, Mi-Sook Kim, Kyung Sik Kim","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.08.27","DOIUrl":"10.17998/jlc.2026.08.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of liver biopsy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is being re-evaluated in the era of precision oncology and biomarker-driven systemic therapy. Although histopathological examination remains the diagnostic gold standard, HCC is unique among solid tumors in that accurate non-invasive imaging criteria allow diagnosis without routine biopsy in selected clinical settings. However, increasing biological heterogeneity, expanding therapeutic options, and the growing need for molecular stratification have renewed interest in tissue-based evaluation. Recent international guidelines have gradually broadened the indications for liver biopsy, particularly in selected diagnostic scenarios, prior to systemic therapy, and for molecular profiling. Beyond diagnostic confirmation, liver biopsy provides important information for histological subtyping, prognostic stratification, and biomarker discovery. Advances in immunohistochemistry, next-generation sequencing, and artificial intelligence-assisted pathology have further enhanced the clinical value of tumor tissue. In parallel, contemporary cohort studies indicate that liver biopsy is associated with low complication rates when modern techniques and standardized peri-procedural management are applied. Despite these advances, the integration of liver biopsy into routine clinical practice remains limited. To contextualize this gap, the Korean Liver Cancer Association conducted a nationwide survey of HCC specialists. The survey showed that liver biopsy is infrequently performed in current practice due to perceived procedural risks and limited immediate impact on therapeutic decision-making. Taken together, accumulating evidence supports a reappraisal of the clinical role of liver biopsy in HCC. Optimizing procedural safety, standardizing indications, and integrating tissue-based molecular insights into therapeutic decision-making may help bridge the gap between emerging evidence and real-world practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":"205-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated by resection or ablation: real-life data from the French Administrative Health Care database.","authors":"Marie Decraecker, Boris Guiu, Emmanuel Boleslawski, Pierre Nahon, Manel Dhaoui, Danko Stamenic, Moreau Manoel, Alicia Fravalo, Jean Frédéric Blanc","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.04.24","DOIUrl":"10.17998/jlc.2026.04.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Surgical resection and percutaneous ablation are considered curative treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, both approaches are associated with a high risk of recurrence. Real-world data on outcomes and post-curative management remain scarce. This study aimed to assess survival and healthcare pathways of patients with HCC treated with resection or ablation in routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis using the French National Health Data System. Patients who underwent resection or percutaneous ablation as first-line treatment for HCC between January 2014 and December 2021 were included. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints focused on subsequent treatment sequences and healthcare pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 10,810 patients included, 5,488 underwent ablation and 5,322 resection as first-line treatment. One- and 2-year OS rates were 90% and 78% after ablation (median OS [mOS], 56 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 54-58) and 88% and 80% after resection (mOS, 75 months; 95% CI, 72-79). Median time to next treatment or death was 20 months (95% CI, 18-21) after ablation and 29 months (95% CI, 27-30) after resection. Following initial treatment, 27% of patients in the ablation group and 39% in the resection group received no further therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This nationwide real-world study provides comprehensive data on survival and treatment sequences after curative-intent therapy for HCC in France. Despite frequent recurrence, survival outcomes remained favourable, reflecting access to repeated and effective subsequent treatments, underscoring the importance of long-term follow-up in routine care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":"275-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NRF2-mediated immune evasion and ferroptosis resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for immune checkpoint inhibitor response.","authors":"Setya Jenio Malangi, Dian Siswanto, Mansur Ibrahim, Noviana Dwi Lestari, Muhaimin Rifa'i","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.06.28","DOIUrl":"10.17998/jlc.2026.06.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have become central to systemic treatment for advanced disease. However, durable responses are limited to a subset of patients, indicating the need to clarify tumor-intrinsic mechanisms that shape immune resistance. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), encoded by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 like 2 (NFE2L2), is a stress-responsive transcription factor that regulates antioxidant defense, detoxification, metabolism, and redox adaptation. Although transient NRF2 activation protects hepatocytes from oxidative injury, persistent activation in HCC may promote tumor survival, immune escape, and resistance to therapy. Emerging evidence links NRF2 activity to two biologically connected processes: suppression of ferroptosis and remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment. Through downstream targets involved in glutathione synthesis, cystine transport, iron handling, and lipid peroxide detoxification, NRF2 can reduce ferroptotic vulnerability. In parallel, NRF2-associated inflammatory and immune-regulatory pathways, including the cyclooxygenase-2-prostaglandin E2 axis, may contribute to immune-cold phenotypes and impaired response to immune checkpoint blockade. This review summarizes current evidence on NRF2/KEAP1 signaling in HCC, with emphasis on its role in immune escape, ferroptosis suppression, and its potential implications as a biomarker and therapeutic target for understanding and potentially improving immune checkpoint inhibitor responsiveness. We also discuss the potential of NRF2-related biomarkers and therapeutic strategies, while emphasizing the challenges of selectively targeting NRF2 in patients with underlying liver dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":"243-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148354972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From practical consensus to clinical integration: positioning stereotactic body radiation therapy in the contemporary management of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Nalee Kim","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.09.16","DOIUrl":"10.17998/jlc.2026.09.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":"179-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SINEUP-mediated enhancement of HNF4α improves metabolic function in Huh7-based bioengineered hepatic microtissues.","authors":"Zohreh Hashemian, Morteza Zarrabi, Masoumeh Nouri, Abbas Piryaei, Ali Mohammad Moradi, Mohssen Nassiri Toosi, Sara Taleahmad, Mustapha Najimi, Massoud Vosough","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.05.13","DOIUrl":"10.17998/jlc.2026.05.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Human liver cell-based drug-screening platforms require stable hepatocyte identity and metabolic competence, but Huh7 cells show reduced hepatic function. We investigated whether SINEUP-mediated enhancement of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) could improve the metabolic performance of Huh7-based three-dimensional hepatic microtissues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Decellularized liver extracellular matrix-derived microparticles were incorporated into three-dimensional microtissues containing Huh7 cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells using AggreWell technology. Experimental microtissues were generated with Huh7 cells expressing a SINEUP-based long noncoding RNA targeting HNF4α and were compared with control microtissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enhanced HNF4α expression upregulated hepatic markers including HNF4α and albumin, decreased alpha-fetoprotein and CDH2, increased CDH1 expression, suppressed glycolytic genes, modulated lipid metabolism, and increased cytochrome P450-related gene expression. Albumin and fibrinogen secretion, urea synthesis, and glycogen storage increased, whereas alpha-fetoprotein secretion, lactate production, and cell migration decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SINEUP-mediated enhancement of HNF4α partially restored hepatocyte-like metabolic and functional properties in Huh7-based hepatic microtissues, supporting their potential use as an in vitro platform for drug discovery and toxicity screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":"298-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stemness plasticity in hepatocellular carcinoma: spatial niches and therapeutic implications.","authors":"Hye Ri Ahn, Sujin Kim, Hyo Jung Cho","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.08.24","DOIUrl":"10.17998/jlc.2026.08.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major global health burden, with therapeutic resistance limiting the long-term efficacy of current treatments. Although cancer stem cell (CSC) models have been proposed to explain tumor initiation and relapse, strategies targeting marker-defined CSC populations have shown limited clinical benefit. Increasing evidence indicates that stemness in HCC is not a fixed cellular trait but a dynamic and reversible state that can be induced, maintained, and re-established under therapeutic pressure. This stemness plasticity is regulated by tumor-intrinsic signaling pathways, including transforming growth factor beta, Yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif, and Wnt/β-catenin, and stabilized by epigenetic and post-transcriptional mechanisms such as N6-methyladenosine modification. In parallel, spatially organized tumor microenvironmental niches composed of cancer-associated fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells provide critical signals that support stem-like phenotypes and immune evasion. These interconnected mechanisms collectively contribute to therapeutic resistance and tumor progression. This review synthesizes current evidence linking stemness plasticity to spatial niche regulation and treatment failure in HCC, and outlines a therapeutic framework that integrates targeting of intracellular regulatory programs with disruption of microenvironmental support systems. We further discuss the implications of this framework for the development of combination strategies and dynamic biomarkers that better capture the context-dependent nature of stemness. Together, these insights support a shift from targeting static cell populations toward targeting the regulatory processes that govern tumor cell plasticity in HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":"231-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-based hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance thresholds using a prediction score in Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B: a nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Won Sohn, Myeongcheol Lee, Danbee Kang, Ju Yeon Cho, Jung Hee Kim, Soo Jin Park, Yong-Han Paik","doi":"10.17998/jlc.2026.08.23","DOIUrl":"10.17998/jlc.2026.08.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>This study aimed to quantify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence according to a validated prediction score and to define score-based cut-offs corresponding to surveillance-relevant incidence thresholds in Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving antiviral therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Adults with CHB initiating nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy between 2012 and 2023 were included; those with viral coinfections, prior malignancy, or decompensated cirrhosis were excluded. HCC risk was stratified using the HCC-RESCUE score. Incident HCC was the primary outcome. Annual HCC incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 199,143 treated patients (median follow-up, 7.3 years), 15,233 developed HCC. Adjusted annual HCC incidence increased progressively across risk strata: 0.31% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-0.40) in the low-risk group, 1.09% (95% CI, 0.84-1.41) in the intermediate-risk group, and 1.85% (95% CI, 1.44-2.40) in the high-risk group. Compared with the low-risk group, adjusted hazard ratios for HCC were 3.48 (95% CI, 3.35-3.61) and 5.90 (95% CI, 5.62-6.19) in the intermediate- and high-risk groups, respectively (all P<0.001). HCC-RESCUE scores corresponding to annual HCC incidence thresholds of 0.2%, 1.5%, and 3.0% were 47, 66, and 90.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a large antiviral-treated Asian CHB population, prediction score-based stratification revealed a graded spectrum of residual HCC risk and identified incidence-aligned thresholds relevant to surveillance. These findings support incidence-informed refinement of HCC surveillance strategies that complement traditional cirrhosis-based criteria in the antiviral treatment era.</p>","PeriodicalId":94087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of liver cancer","volume":" ","pages":"253-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}