International journal of radiation biology最新文献

{"title":"Sensitivity of genotypically diverse rice varieties to radiation and the related changes to antioxidant enzyme activities.","authors":"Lu Yanting, Wang Bingkui, Zhang Mengchao, Ye Jing, Ye Shenghai","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2290293","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2290293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Radiation mutagenesis, which typically involves gamma rays, is important for generating new rice germplasm resources. Determining the appropriate radiation dose range is critical for the success of radiation mutagenesis. Clarifying the sensitivity and tolerance of genotypically diverse rice varieties to gamma irradiation as well as the radiation-induced changes to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and antioxidant enzyme activities is crucial for increasing the utility of radiation mutagenesis in rice breeding programs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The seeds of the following four rice varieties with different genotypes were used as test materials: <i>indica</i> Zhe 1613, glutinous <i>indica</i> Zhe 1708, <i>japonica</i> Zhejing 100, and glutinous <i>japonica</i> Zhenuo 65. Additionally,⁶⁰Co was used as the source of gamma rays. The rice seeds were irradiated with 14 doses (0, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, and 750 Gy). Non-irradiated seeds were used as the control. The seedling survival rate for each variety was recorded at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after sowing. Moreover, the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) and critical dose (LD₄₀) were calculated according to the seedling survival rates at 28 days after sowing. The seedling superoxide anion (O₂^•-), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were analyzed at 7 days after sowing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As the radiation dose increased, the seedling survival rate decreased. The seedling survival rate also decreased significantly as the number of days after sowing increased. Among the rice genotypes, the rank-order of the radiation tolerance was as follows: <i>indica</i> Zhe 1613 > glutinous <i>indica</i> Zhe 1708 > <i>japonica</i> Zhejing 100 > glutinous <i>japonica</i> Zhenuo 65. The LD₅₀ values were 426.7 Gy for Zhe 1613, 329.2 Gy for Zhe 1708, 318.3 Gy for Zhejing 100, and 316.6 Gy for Zhenuo 65. Increases in the radiation dose resulted in significant increases in the seedling O₂^•- and H₂O₂ contents, but only up to a certain point. Further increases in the radiation dose caused the seedling O₂^•- and H₂O₂ contents to decrease. The H₂O₂ content for each variety peaked when the radiation dose was very close to the LD₅₀. We propose that the radiation dose associated with the highest H₂O₂ content (±50 Gy) should be used as the recommended dose for the gamma irradiation of rice. The radiation dose that resulted in peak seedling O₂^•- contents in the analyzed rice varieties was very close to the LD₄₀. In all rice varieties, the MDA conten","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"453-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138465214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields exposure on sleep patterns in preterm neonates.","authors":"Dimitri Besset, Brahim Selmaoui, Stéphane Delanaud, Lisa Bessarion, Karen Chardon, René de Seze, André Leke, Erwan Stéphan-Blanchard","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2277365","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2277365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study objective was to assess the influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure on sleep patterns in preterm newborns. We hypothesized that an increase in RF-EMF exposure levels would alter infants' sleep structure parameters.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Individual, continuous measurements of RF-EMF levels were performed in 29 hospitalized preterm newborns throughout the first 21 days after birth. The last day, overnight sleep structure was recorded by polysomnography. Relationships between both chronic (three-week period) and acute (polysomnographic period) RF-EMF levels with sleep parameters were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At median levels, the main chronic effect was an increase in indeterminate sleep with RF-EMF exposure. At the highest exposure levels found in our study, an increase in RF-EMF levels increased sleep fragmentation. No significant relationship was found between acute RF-EMF levels and sleep parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite no consolidated disruption in sleep structure, this study is the first to show that some sleep parameters seem to have a certain sensitivity to chronic - but not acute - RF-EMF exposure in preterm newborns. Further studies are needed to confirm our results and examine possible mid- to long-term, sleep-related cardiorespiratory and neurodevelopmental outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"427-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136400831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kaplan lecture 2023: lymphopenia in particle therapy.","authors":"Marco Durante","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2324472","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2324472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Lymphopenia is now generally recognized as a negative prognostic factor in radiotherapy. Already at the beginning of the century we demonstrated that high-energy carbon ions induce less damage to the lymphocytes of radiotherapy patients than X-rays, even if heavy ions are more effective per unit dose in the induction of chromosomal aberrations in blood cells irradiated ex-vivo. The explanation was based on the volume effect, i.e. the sparing of larger volumes of normal tissue in Bragg peak therapy. Here we will review the current knowledge about the difference in lymphopenia between particle and photon therapy and the consequences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is nowadays an overwhelming evidence that particle therapy reduces significantly the radiotherapy-induced lymphopenia in several tumor sites. Because lymphopenia turns down the immune response to checkpoint inhibitors, it can be predicted that particle therapy may be the ideal partner for combined radiation and immunotherapy treatment and should be selected for patients where severe lymphopenia is expected after X-rays.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"669-677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting two radiation-induced immunosuppressive pathways to improve the efficacy of normofractionated radiation therapy in a preclinical colorectal cancer model.","authors":"Jihane Boustani, Benoit Lecoester, Jérémy Baude, Charlène Latour, Emeric Limagne, Riad Ladjohoulou, Véronique Morgand, Lisa Froidurot, François Ghiringhelli, Gilles Truc, Olivier Adotévi, Céline Mirjolet","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2331115","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2331115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We have previously demonstrated in a murine colorectal cancer model that normofractionated RT (normoRT: 18 × 2 Gy) induced MDSC infiltration and PD-L1 expression, while hypofractionated RT (hypoRT: 3 × 8 Gy) induced Treg. Here, we wanted to assess whether the association of normoRT with treatments that target two radiation-induced immunosuppressive pathways (MDSC and PD-L1) could improve tumor control.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Subcutaneous tumors were induced using colon tumor cells (CT26) in immunocompetent mice (BALB/c) and were treated with RT alone (18 × 2 Gy or 3 × 8 Gy), or concomitantly with 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) (10 mg/kg) to deplete MDSC, and/or anti-PD-L1 (10 mg/kg). We assessed the impact of these combinations on tumor growth and immune cells infiltration by flow cytometry. In addition, we performed tumor rechallenge experiments and IFN-γ ELISpots to study the long-term memory response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Even though tumor growth was significantly delayed in the RT + 5FU compared to 5FU and untreated groups (<i>p</i> < .05), there was no significant difference between RT + 5FU (CRT) and RT alone. The rate of MDSC increased significantly 1 week after the end of normoRT (8.09% ± 1.03%, <i>p</i> < .05) and decreased with the addition of 5FU (3.39% ± 0.69%, <i>p</i> < .05). PD-L1 expressing tumor cells were increased after treatment. Adding anti-PD-L1 significantly delayed tumor growth, achieved the highest complete response rate, and induced a long-lasting protective specific anti-tumor immunity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results tend to demonstrate the interest of inhibiting two radiation-induced immunosuppressive mechanisms. In patients, the combination of normoRT with 5FU is already the standard of care in locally advanced rectal cancer. Adding an anti-PD-L1 to this treatment could show promising results.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"912-921"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2283367","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2283367","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"emi"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"50 Hz magnetic field influences caspase-3 activity and cell cycle distribution in ionizing radiation exposed SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.","authors":"Valtteri Nieminen, Maria-Viola Martikainen, Saija Kalliomäki, Tuomas Virén, Jan Seppälä, Jukka Juutilainen, Jonne Naarala, Jukka Luukkonen","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2369105","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2369105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Earlier evidence suggests that extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MFs) can modify the effects of carcinogenic agents. However, the studies conducted so far with ionizing radiation as the co-exposure agent are sparse and have provided inconclusive results. We investigated whether 50 Hz MFs alone, or in combination with ionizing radiation alter cell biological variables relevant to cancer and the biological effects of ionizing radiation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were sham exposed or exposed to 100 or 500 µT MF for 24 h either before or after ionizing radiation exposure (0, 0.4 or 2 Gy). After the exposures, cells were assayed for viability, clonogenicity, reactive oxygen species, caspase-3 activity, and cell cycle distribution. Cell cycle distribution was assayed with propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry analysis and ROS levels were assayed together with cell viability by double staining with DeepRed and Sytox Blue followed by flow cytometry analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased caspase-3 activity was observed in cells exposed to 500 µT MF before or after ionizing radiation. Furthermore, exposure to the 500 µT MF after the ionizing radiation decreased the percentage of cells in S-phase. No changes in the ROS levels, clonogenicity, or viability of the cells were observed in the MF exposed groups compared to the corresponding sham exposed groups, and no MF effects were observed in cells exposed at 100 µT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only the 500 µT magnetic flux density affected SH-SY5Y cells significantly. The effects were small but may nevertheless help to understand how MFs modify the effects of ionizing radiation. The increase in caspase-3 activity may not reflect effects on apoptosis, as no changes were observed in the subG1 phase of the cell cycle. In contrast to some earlier findings, 50 Hz MF exposure after ionizing radiation was not less effective than MF treatment given prior to ionizing radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1183-1192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141461419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intergenerational effects of ionizing radiation: review of recent studies from human data (2018-2021).","authors":"A Amrenova, C Baudin, E Ostroumova, J Stephens, R Anderson, D Laurier","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2309917","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2309917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this paper was to conduct a review of the studies published between 2018 and 2022 to investigate radiation-related effects in the offspring of human individuals exposed to ionizing radiation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search identified 807 publications, from which 9 studies were selected for detailed analysis to examine for effects in children whose parents were exposed to various types and doses of radiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review does not yield substantial evidence supporting intergenerational effects of radiation exposure in humans. However, caution is required when interpreting the results due to limitations in the majority of the published articles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review, covering the period 2018-2022, serves as an extension of the previous systematic review conducted by Stephens et al. (2024), which encompassed the years 1988-2018. Together, these two papers offer a comprehensive overview of the available evidence regarding the intergenerational effects of parental pre-conceptional exposure to ionizing radiation. Overall, the findings do not provide strong evidence supporting a significant association between adverse (or other) outcomes in unexposed children and parental preconception radiation exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1253-1263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the protective effect and mechanism of icariside II on the bladder in a rat model of radiation cystitis based on transcriptome sequencing.","authors":"Jun-Tao Sun, Chen-Li Pan, Yin-Hui Mao, Zhuo Wang, Ji-Lei Sun, Xiang-Xiang Zhang, Yong Yang, Zhi-Tao Wei, Yong-De Xu","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2386982","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2386982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Radiation cystitis (RC) is a complex and common complication after radiotherapy for pelvic cancer. Icariside II (ICAII) is a flavonoid compound extracted from Epimedium, a traditional Chinese medicine, with various pharmacological activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cysto-protective effects of ICAII in RC rats and its possible mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A rat model of induced radiation cystitis using pelvic X-ray irradiation was used, and bladder function was assessed by bladder volume and bladder leakage point pressure (LPP) after ICAII treatment. HE and Masson stains were used to assess the histopathological changes in the bladder. IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4 and IL-1β were measured by ELISA to assess the level of inflammation. The gene-level changes in ICAII-treated RC were observed by transcriptome sequencing, and then the potential targets of action and biological mechanisms were explored by PPI, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes. Finally, the predicted targets of action were experimentally validated using immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, molecular docking and CETSA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ICAII significantly increased bladder volume and the LPP, ameliorated pathological damage to bladder tissues, decreased the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, and increased the levels of IL-10 and IL-4 in radiation-injured rats. A total of 90 differentially expressed genes were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, and PPI analysis identified H3F3C, ISG15, SPP1, and LCN2 as possible potential targets of action. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that these differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the pathways metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, arachidonic acid metabolism, Staphylococcus aureus infection and chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species. Experimental validation showed that ICAII could significantly increase the expression of H3F3C and ISG15 and inhibit the expression of SPP1 and LCN2. ICAII binds well to H3F3C, ISG15, SPP1 and LCN2, with the best binding ability to H3F3C. Furthermore, ICAII inhibited the protein degradation of H3F3C in bladder epithelial cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICAII may alleviate the bladder inflammatory response and inhibit the fibrosis process of bladder tissues through the regulation of H3F3C, ISG15, SPP1, and LCN2 targets and has a protective effect on the bladder of radioinjured rats. In particular, H3F3C may be one of the most promising therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1493-1504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological impact of Chornobyl radiation: a review of recent progress.","authors":"Munima Haque, Shabnoor Binte Dayem, Nazifa Tabassum Tasnim, Md Rashadul Islam, Md Salman Shakil","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2391813","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2024.2391813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incident of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) explosion has pioneered a plethora of studies unfolding various biological effects of radiation stress on several living systems. Determining radiation dose rates at which both acute and chronic biological effects occur in different biological systems will aid in the ex-situ generation of radiation-tolerant organisms. So far, the accumulation of data on different radiation doses from Chernobyl area demonstrating various biological impacts has not been documented altogether vastly. Therefore, this review aims to document the recorded doses in CNPP over the years at which different biological changes have been observed in plants, soil, aquatic organisms, birds, and animals. A total of 72 peer-reviewed papers obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Research4life were included in this review. A few factors have come under attention in this review. Firstly, plant and soil systems combinedly showed the most published studies after the catastrophe where plants showed a higher frequency of DNA methylation in their genome to resist radiation stress. Secondly, reduced species abundance, chromosomal aberrations, increased sterility, and mortality were mostly observed in the aftermath of Chernobyl catastrophe among plants, soil, aquatic organisms, birds, and small mammals. Furthermore, major scares of data after 2018 were prominently observed. Very few studies on radiation dose levels after 2018 are available. Hence, a major research area has emerged for radiation biologists to study present radiation levels and any genetic changes in the recent generation of the original victim species. This will help provide a standard dataset that can act as a reference resource for radiation biologists and future research on the impact of both acute and chronic radiation on the different biological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"1405-1415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutagenic sensitivity, effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulfonate on soft and semi-hard bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) varieties in the north-western Himalayan climate.","authors":"Amit Rana, Vijay Rana, Vinod Kumar Sood, Suman Bakshi, Priyanka","doi":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2261527","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09553002.2023.2261527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The North-western Himalayan region requires unique varietal traits for the cultivation and quality of grain produced. Wheat varieties released for this zone in the past remained very popular among the farmers. However, with the passage of time certain traits such as the appearance of pathogenic rust races and grain softness have become threat to the fecundity of these genotypes and needs immediate improvement in this region. Mutation breeding facilitates improving one or two traits of a popular cultivar and to generate variability for most of plant traits upon which selection can be imposed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mutagenic sensitivity, effectiveness and efficiency of physical and chemical mutagens in four bread wheat varieties with differential grain texture.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four bread wheat varieties; HS 490, HPW 89, HPW 360 and HPW 251 were irradiated using six doses of gamma rays (γ-rays) ranging from 175 to 300 Gy; Co⁶⁰ source (BARC, Mumbai, India) and six doses of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) ranging from 0.3 to 1.3%; EMS (Sigma-Aldrich, Bangalore, India) to assess their mutation sensitivity, effectiveness, efficiency and spectrum of induced macro-mutations in M₁ and M₂ generation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on mutagen sensitivity tests, both gamma rays and ethyl methane sulfonate had similar effects as the doses/concentrations increased in all four varieties. Ethyl methane sulfonate had a discernible effect on seed germination and growth parameters as compared to gamma irradiated treatments. Pollens viability studies confirmed the differential effects of both mutagens on germination and plant survivability. The LD₅₀ and LC₅₀ values varied between 290-315 Gy for gamma rays and 0.90-1.35% for EMS under controlled laboratory conditions, however, the range substantially differs for gamma rays (240-290 Gy) and for EMS (0.50-1.1%) under field conditions, irrespective of the variety treated. The frequency of chlorophyll mutations was low and showed a linear correlation with the doses/concentrations of the mutagen. A total of 117 putative mutants with desirable agro-morphological characteristics were also isolated. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency results showed that gamma irradiation doses of 250-300 Gy and ethyl methane sulfonate of 0.7-1.3% were most potent for an effective mutation breeding programme in wheat crop.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was found that semi-hard textured varieties showed higher sensitivity to chemical mutagens as compared to soft-textured varieties. Gamma irradiation dose of 250-300 Gy and ethyl methane sulfonate concentration of 0.7-1.3% were found to be most effective and efficient across four bread wheat varieties and can be used in large scale mutagenesis programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94057,"journal":{"name":"International journal of radiation biology","volume":" ","pages":"296-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41167962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}