{"title":"Morphological changes in the upper airway after mandibular distraction osteogenesis and orthognathic surgery in paediatric and adult patients with hemifacial microsomia: a 3D retrospective study.","authors":"H Younis, L Song, Z Zhou, B Ye, J Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study investigated morphological changes in the upper airway in 40 unilateral hemifacial microsomia patients following surgery. Sixteen paediatric patients underwent mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO), and 24 adult patients underwent MDO and/or orthognathic surgery. Pre- and postoperative computed tomography scans were acquired. Three-dimensional airway models of pediatric and adult cohorts were separately analyzed to assess volume, cross-sectional area, surface area, asymmetry and shape. In children, total mean ± standard deviation (SD) airway volume increased significantly from 9427.31 ± 4648.74 to 12,476.12 ± 5994.49 mm³ (P = 0.003), and mean ± SD cross-sectional area increased from 138.69 ± 59.89 to 178.39 ± 74.06 mm² (P = 0.006) after surgery. Surface area and minimum cross-sectional area also improved significantly. Asymmetry indices in the glossopharynx and hypopharynx decreased postoperatively. In adults, mean airway volume increased from 16,592.01 ± 3303.73 to 22,166.72 ± 4447.17 mm³ (P < 0.001), with significant gains in all pharyngeal regions except the nasopharynx. Improvements were also seen in surface area, symmetry and airway sphericity. These findings indicate that MDO and orthognathic surgery can improve the structure of the upper airway significantly in hemifacial microsomia patients. Incorporating airway analysis into surgical planning may enhance treatment outcomes for affected individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146069373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validation of surface-based registration for genioplasty osteotomies: comparison with regional voxel-based registration.","authors":"M D Han, S Graca","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite lower reported accuracy of genioplasty osteotomies, significant variation exists in the accuracy analysis techniques, without full validation. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of surface-based registration (SBR) and regional voxel-based registration (R-VBR) for genioplasty osteotomies, to allow greater rigor in scrutinizing accuracy data. In a retrospective cross-sectional study of consecutive genioplasty patients at a single-center over a 5-year period, postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were collected. The CBCTs were oriented to a known pitch/roll/yaw and set as the reference, and compared with the unoriented raw volumes. Both volumes were segmented to surface models, and SBR was performed using the genioplasty segment as the mutual region of interest. Angular (°) and linear (mm) errors at the pogonion and menton were measured, and compared with those of R-VBR, with accuracy thresholds of 0.5° and 0.3 mm. In 34 eligible subjects, angular errors ranged from 0.32° to 0.64°, and linear errors ranged from 0.11 to 0.44 mm for SBR (P < 0.001). R-VBR showed greater angular errors, but smaller linear errors of 0.10 to 0.20 mm (P < 0.001). SBR and R-VBR have variable accuracy for genioplasty, with angular and linear accuracy favoring SBR and R-VBR, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A modified minimally invasive Le Fort I approach allowing four-point fixation osteosynthesis using lateral punctiform incisions.","authors":"S Morand, O Morel, E Lange, A Gleizal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical techniques in orthognathic surgery have recently evolved and now tend towards soft-tissue-preserving approaches. The concept of minimally invasive Le Fort I osteotomy and down-fracture is interesting, as it preserves almost all paranasal and upper-lip musculature. It has already been described with a four-point fixation on the canine and zygomatic buttress pillars, depending on the mucosal incision length and plate type. This article proposes an alternative technique, respecting the concept of minimally invasive surgery, with a very small medial mucosal incision adding two lateral punctiform incisions, thus enabling a four-point fixation of the Le Fort I fracture. This technique allows wide maxillary movements, significant maxillary expansion; and can be performed even if the surgeon does not have very specific instrumentation. Compared with previously described techniques, this approach offers equivalent surgical exposure, improved access for four-point fixation, and greater safety against mucosal tearing, while maintaining the minimally invasive concept.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K Ishikawa, S Mitamura, Y Sasaki, T Maeda, N Murao, S Sasaki
{"title":"Multimodal therapy with percutaneous sclerotherapy, partial excision, and pulsed dye laser for lip arteriovenous malformations: a case series.","authors":"K Ishikawa, S Mitamura, Y Sasaki, T Maeda, N Murao, S Sasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lip arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular anomalies that cause significant functional and aesthetic problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of multimodal therapy combining percutaneous sclerotherapy, partial excision, and pulsed dye laser. A retrospective review was conducted of 20 patients (11 female, nine male; median age 37 years) with lip AVMs treated between 2008 and 2019. All patients underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous sclerotherapy using 3% foamed polidocanol, with additional use of absolute ethanol in four patients. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging and mechanical compression techniques were employed to optimize sclerosant delivery. Patients with residual swelling after nidus reduction underwent partial excision, and pulsed dye laser was used for persistent superficial erythema. The median number of sclerotherapy sessions was three, and the median follow-up period was 58 months. Partial excision was performed in 16 patients, and laser therapy in six patients. The clinical outcome was classified as 'controlled' in nine patients and 'improved' in 11 patients. Complications occurred in two patients: mucosal ulceration in one patient and wound dehiscence in the other. These results suggest that this stepwise multimodal approach provides favourable outcomes with a low complication rate in the management of lip AVMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B M da Rosa, A Valls-Ontañón, O L Haas, R M Bastos, R B de Oliveira, F Hernández-Alfaro, L M de Menezes
{"title":"Minimally invasive surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion: are pterygomaxillary disjunction and nasal septum disinsertion necessary?","authors":"B M da Rosa, A Valls-Ontañón, O L Haas, R M Bastos, R B de Oliveira, F Hernández-Alfaro, L M de Menezes","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2026.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective multicentre study investigated the effects of pterygomaxillary disjunction (PD) and nasal septum disinsertion (NSD) by comparing two minimally invasive bone-anchored surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion techniques in adult patients. The analysis focused on their impact on the nasal septum and the extent of palatal expansion. Forty patients were allocated to two groups: G1 (without PD and NSD) and G2 (with PD and NSD). The transverse opening pattern in the anterior and posterior regions, as well as changes in the position of the nasal septum, were evaluated using cone beam computed tomography images. Both groups showed significant anterior and posterior transverse gains (G1: 4.8 mm and 2.9 mm; G2: 5.7 mm and 3.8 mm; all P ≤ 0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in anterior or posterior opening (P = 0.44, P = 0.20). Both groups showed slight nasal septum displacement, but without statistical relevance (linear: P = 0.099, P = 0.072; angular: P = 0.062, P = 0.16). Both techniques were effective in treating maxillary deficiency in adult patients. The study suggests that PD and NSD may not be essential steps to achieve adequate palatal expansion with minimally invasive surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spontaneous changes in ramal inclination and their impact on condylar head and joint space in patients with deviated mandibular prognathism: a three-dimensional comparative analysis.","authors":"B-J Jeong, J Jung, J-Y Ohe, B-J Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to analyse the spontaneous changes in ramal inclination following mandibular setback surgery in patients with asymmetric prognathism. The stability of these changes and their impact on the condylar head position and joint space were evaluated. Fifty-three condyles were included and categorized into deviated side (D) and non-deviated side (ND) groups. Data were collected from cone beam computed tomography scans obtained preoperatively (Pre), immediately postoperative (Post), and at 6 months postoperative (6 m). The raw files were analysed using 3D software. On the deviated side, the condylar heads shifted significantly laterally and rotated inward (yaw) during surgery. On the non-deviated side, they shifted inferiorly and rotated outward (roll). These intraoperative rotations (ramal yaw, ramal roll) were maintained throughout the remodelling period (P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). Spontaneous rotation of the ramus helped resolve the imbalance in ramal inclination between the deviated and non-deviated sides. It did not significantly affect condylar head volume or joint space (Pre-6 m, P > 0.05). These findings suggest that intentional adjustment of the ramal inclination may be a feasible approach to compensate for imbalances in yawing and rolling in patients with deviated mandibular prognathism.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145866837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term follow-up of Class II malocclusion treated with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: a retrospective study with 6-19 years of follow-up.","authors":"A Al Khatib, A Thor, F Jabbari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijom.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective cohort study was performed to investigate the long-term skeletal, dental, and aesthetic stability, and patient satisfaction, following mandibular advancement with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) in skeletal Class II malocclusion patients. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 19 years (mean 11.9 years), longer than in many previous studies. Twenty-nine patients (18 female, 11 male) who underwent mandibular advancement with rigid internal fixation between 2004 and 2017 were included. Lateral cephalometric radiographs from four time points were analysed: pre-surgery (T1), post-surgery (T2), 6-12 months post-surgery (T3), and long-term follow-up (T4). Patient satisfaction with the treatment outcome was assessed using the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ, Swedish version). The mean mandibular advancement was 5.53 ± 1.91 mm. Long-term follow-up revealed stable skeletal and dental outcomes, with no significant relapse in SNB, ANB, overjet, or overbite between T3 and T4. Soft tissue changes (T3-T4) for lower lip to E-line distance (mean -3.86 mm to -4.74 mm) and N'-Sn-Pog' angle (mean 159.91-162.11°) were statistically significant (P < 0.001) but not clinically relevant. Neurosensory disturbances were present in 21 patients after the surgery (72%), and these persisted in 13 at long-term follow-up (45%). Despite this, OQLQ scores indicated high patient satisfaction (mean 12.6, range 0-70), with minimal functional problems and improved oral health-related quality of life. These findings demonstrate the long-term skeletal and dental stability of BSSO with rigid fixation, as well as its effectiveness in achieving high patient satisfaction in the correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":94053,"journal":{"name":"International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}